Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)

This root primarily concerns the concept of birth, offspring, and progeny. It extends to encompass the act of giving birth, the resulting children, and related concepts like lineage, time/place of birth, and even metaphorical extensions to abundance and origin.

This root primarily describes intense heat, specifically the heat of the night. It can also metaphorically refer to intense anger or agitation.

This root primarily describes low-lying, depressed, or sunken places. It also extends to concepts of settling down, resting, or being firmly established in such locations.

This root primarily concerns the process of preparing and consuming the seeds of the colocynth plant (حنظل). It describes the act of extracting, breaking, and processing these bitter seeds to make them edible.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of sleeping and staying awake during the night. It encompasses both the act of sleeping at night and the act of staying awake, functioning as an antonym. It also relates to the ritualistic night prayer and the act of lulling someone to sleep.

This root primarily concerns the semantic field of breaking, shattering, and weakening. It extends to concepts of strength, weakness, and intimidation, as well as sounds associated with breaking or impact, and a specific bird.

This root primarily relates to thick, curdled milk and a condition of the eye. It also appears in a poetic context, possibly referring to a type of ailment or affliction.

This root primarily relates to the concepts of cooking until tender or falling apart, and to actions involving tearing, piercing, or damaging. It also extends to a specific plant and a yellowish dye.

This root primarily concerns states of cessation, stillness, and decay. It describes the extinguishing of fire, the stillness of silence, the wearing out of garments, and the barrenness of land. It can also denote staying in a place or moving quickly, indicating a semantic range related to stopping and going.

This root primarily relates to the proper name Hind, a woman's name, and also a place name. It extends to terms for camels, swords, and the concept of a hundred, with derivations indicating affection or flirtation.

This root primarily relates to returning, repentance, and becoming Jewish. It also encompasses concepts of gentleness, slowness, peace, and reconciliation. Additionally, it refers to specific entities like the prophet Hud and the Jewish people.

The root 'هيد' primarily relates to the concept of movement, specifically shaking or disturbing something. It also extends to meanings of agitation, fear, and in specific contexts, commands or prohibitions related to animals.

This root primarily concerns the act of taking, seizing, or receiving something. It extends to concepts of holding onto, adopting, or being responsible for something, as well as the process of learning or acquiring knowledge.

This root primarily deals with temporal conjunctions and particles indicating past time, suddenness, or coincidence. It functions as a conditional particle, often linked with 'ما' for emphasis, and can introduce clauses describing simultaneous events.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being surpassed, overcome, or defeated. It also extends to describing a state of poor condition or raggedness, both literally and figuratively.

This root primarily refers to the city of Baghdad and its associated proper nouns. It also includes a less common usage related to a specific type of silence or stillness.

This root primarily concerns the concept of breaking, cutting, and severing. It extends to describe things that are broken off, remnants, and the state of being disconnected or cut off, including familial ties and material possessions.

This root primarily relates to swelling or protrusions, particularly in animals, and also refers to a type of rodent and the land it inhabits. It extends metaphorically to describe experienced individuals.

This root primarily relates to concepts of roughness, hardness, and swiftness, particularly in relation to land and movement. It describes tough terrain, strong animals, and rapid travel.

The root حذذ (ḥa-dh-dh) primarily relates to the concept of lightness, speed, and swiftness. This is applied to physical attributes like the tail of an animal, the hands of a person, or the speed of a camel, as well as abstract concepts like swiftness in taking an oath or the abruptness of a poetic meter.

This root primarily concerns the concept of intense heat, burning, and cooking, particularly through methods involving hot stones. It also extends to the idea of preparing or conditioning something, like a horse for a race, and metaphorically, to the effect of intense heat on the body or the burning sensation of a drink.

This root primarily concerns the concept of driving, urging, or moving something quickly. It extends to meanings of being swift, capable, or in control, and also refers to specific anatomical parts and plants.

This root appears to relate to concepts of elevation, strong male animals, and possibly castration. The primary derived term refers to a mountain peak or a powerful male animal, with some senses indicating it can also refer to a castrated animal, suggesting a semantic duality or opposition.

This root primarily relates to the concept of going towards something, often with a sense of opposition or deviation. It can also refer to the irregular occurrence of something, like a fever.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of woven garment, possibly of Persian origin. The primary derived term refers to a particular kind of fabric or robe.

This root primarily relates to concepts of softness, lightness, and something insignificant or easily discarded. It extends to meanings of being weak, falling, or having flaws in speech, and also refers to specific places and objects.

This root primarily concerns light or scattered precipitation, specifically a weak rain. It also extends to describe a day characterized by such rain or land affected by it.

This root entry is very brief and primarily defines a single term, which is a loanword from Persian. It refers to a precious gemstone.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being separate, isolated, or scattered. It describes individuals or things that deviate from the norm, a group, or a larger collection, often implying a lack of belonging or a dispersed state.

This root primarily describes a weak or light rain. It also extends to the sky exhibiting such a rain, implying a gentle or sparse precipitation.

This root primarily concerns the concept of sharpening, honing, or making something keen. It extends to the idea of being hungry or famished, possibly metaphorically linked to a sharpened need.

This root primarily relates to states of restlessness, sleeplessness, and intense hunger. It also encompasses concepts of driving away, moving, and the young of certain creatures.

This root describes a specific type of animal movement, particularly in camels and sheep, related to sexual arousal or readiness. It also encompasses the act of striking the rump to induce such a state, contrasting it with natural readiness.

This root primarily relates to the act of wrapping or covering the head, specifically with a turban or headcloth. It also extends to the general meaning of covering or enveloping oneself.

This entry discusses variations in the spelling and pronunciation of a word related to sugar, likely of foreign origin. It presents three distinct but related terms.

This root appears to relate to speech or discourse, specifically concerning its quality or origin. It distinguishes between the speech of settled people and potentially something else, possibly implying a lack of substance or action associated with certain types of speech.

This root primarily concerns seeking refuge, protection, or shelter. It extends to concepts of a place of refuge, a protective amulet, and even specific types of young animals or plants that are difficult to reach. It also encompasses related terms for amulets and specific Quranic chapters.

This root primarily relates to the discharge or flow of fluids, particularly from wounds or sores. It also extends to concepts of speed in travel and a specific type of camel that is averse to water.

This root primarily relates to the thigh, both as a body part and metaphorically. It extends to concepts of kinship, division within tribes, and the act of striking or dividing.

This root primarily concerns singularity, uniqueness, and isolation. It extends to concepts of being alone, being the first or sole of something, and also to specific terms in ancient games and animal husbandry related to single offspring.

This root primarily relates to the concept of cutting or taking a piece from something, particularly from the liver or flesh. It extends to signify a portion of wealth or property, and by extension, the act of giving or taking such a portion.

This root primarily relates to the fletching of an arrow, but extends to other meanings like fleas, specific anatomical parts, and descriptive terms for appearance and condition.

This root primarily relates to the hedgehog, its physical characteristics, and by extension, things that are spiny, dense, or clustered. It also extends to specific geographical features and anatomical terms.

This root primarily relates to soft, porous stones, often described as being like mud or earth. It also appears in poetic contexts describing the movement or scattering of such materials.

This root appears to relate to specific anatomical parts of an animal, particularly the upper thigh area. It also seems to be used in poetic contexts to describe a challenging or cornered situation.

This root primarily describes actions related to eating, licking, and giving/asking for things. It encompasses the act of consuming food, the specific action of a dog licking a vessel, and the dynamic of a person giving something and then persistently asking for more.

This root primarily concerns the concept of pleasure, enjoyment, and deliciousness. It extends to the sensation of finding something pleasant, experiencing delight, and even includes a specific meaning related to sleep.

This root primarily concerns the concept of seeking refuge, protection, or shelter. It extends to related ideas of proximity, adjacency, and the act of moving stealthily or discreetly.

This root primarily concerns the concept of refuge, protection, and seeking shelter. It extends to actions related to providing or finding such safety, and metaphorically to deceptive appearances or hidden intentions.

This root primarily deals with temporal particles indicating a starting point in time, functioning as prepositions or adverbs. It specifies a duration from a past event up to the present moment.