Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)
5,612 root entries translated · page 112 of 113
- نعا15 lemmassihah_005550
This root primarily concerns the announcement or declaration of death, encompassing the news itself, the messenger, and the act of conveying such news. It extends metaphorically to the public declaration of faults or the spreading of news, and also to concepts of leading, following, and scattering.
النعي — on the pattern of faʿīl, like al-naʿīنعى — to announce deathنعيا — like saʿāنعيانا — with ḍammaالناعي — messenger of death - نغى2 lemmassihah_005551
This root primarily concerns the act of speaking or uttering, particularly in a subtle or hesitant manner. It also extends to the meaning of a small piece of information or news.
نَغَى — to speakنَغْيَة — a word - نفا12 lemmassihah_005552
This root primarily concerns the concept of expulsion, rejection, and removal. It extends to ideas of something being cast off, scattered, or refuted, and also encompasses the act of threatening or warning.
نَفَى — it is transitive and intransitiveنَفْي — it is transitive and intransitiveانْتَفَى — he was driven away, so he departedيُنَافِي — to contradictتَنَافَى — to contradict each other - نقا15 lemmassihah_005553
This root primarily concerns concepts of purity, selection, and the best part of something. It extends to meanings related to cleanliness, choosing, and the marrow or fat of an animal, as well as a sand dune.
نَقَاوَة — with fatḥa, it is naqī: meaning cleanنَقَايَة — purityنَقِيّ — cleanنَقَاء — cleanlinessنَقَا — sand dune - نكى2 lemmassihah_005554
This root primarily concerns inflicting harm, specifically through killing and wounding enemies. It emphasizes a forceful and destructive impact, often in the context of warfare or conflict.
نَكَى — in the enemy: he killed and wounded among themنَكَايَة — verbal noun of nakā - نما22 lemmassihah_005555
This root primarily concerns growth, increase, and development, both in a literal sense (like plants or wealth) and figuratively (like reputation or news). It also extends to the act of conveying or attributing something, such as news or lineage, and can imply raising or elevating something.
نَمَا — to grow, increaseيَنْمِي — to grow, increaseنَمَاء — with fatḥa and maddنُمُوًّا — growth, increaseأَنْمَاهُ الله — God caused it to grow - نوى21 lemmassihah_005556
This root primarily concerns intention, purpose, and destination. It extends to concepts of purposefulness, the core or pit of something, and even physical distance or travel.
نَوَى — he intended, with niyya and nawāh: he resolvedنِيَّة — intentionنَوَاة — date pitانْتَوَى — the sameنَوَى — he intended, with niyya and nawāh: he resolved - نهى16 lemmassihah_005557
This root primarily concerns the concept of prohibition, restraint, and cessation. It extends to meanings of reaching a limit, understanding, and communication of information. It also encompasses terms for water bodies and quantities.
النَّهْي — prohibitionنَهَى — prohibition, the opposite of commandانْتَهَى — meaning, he refrainedتَنَاهَى — meaning, he refrainedمُنْكِر — prohibitor - وءى12 lemmassihah_005558
This root primarily relates to promises and covenants. It also extends to descriptions of large, strong animals, particularly wild asses and horses, and by extension, large sacks or containers.
وأى — to promiseوأيته — I promised himوأيا — promiseالوأي — the promiseوأي — wild ass - وجى8 lemmassihah_005559
This root primarily concerns pain, suffering, and a related sense of weariness or despair. It also extends to meanings of stinginess or withholding.
وَجِيَ — to be in painوَجْء — painوَجِيّ — painedوَجِيَاء — pained (female)أَوْجَى — to cause pain - وحى11 lemmassihah_005560
This root primarily concerns communication, encompassing divine revelation, secret messages, inspiration, and written communication. It also extends to the concepts of signaling, sound, speed, and urgency.
الوحي — the writing, the bookوحى — plural of al-waḥyأوحى — to speak to him with hidden wordsوحى — plural of al-waḥyالوحاة — sound - وخى7 lemmassihah_005561
This root primarily concerns the concept of aiming for, seeking, or heading towards a specific destination or goal. It also extends to the idea of inquiring or seeking information about something.
وَخَىٰ — to aim forوَخِيكَ — your aimوَخْيٌ — a steady paceوَخَىٰتُ — to travel at a steady paceوَاخَاهُ — colloquial form of ākhāhu - ودى16 lemmassihah_005562
This root primarily relates to bodily fluids, particularly post-urination discharge, and the concept of blood money or compensation for a killing. It also extends to the idea of perishing or destruction, and to specific agricultural and camel-related terms.
الوَدِيّ — post-seminal fluid, lightenedوَدَى — he discharged al-wadyالدِيَة — one of the blood-money paymentsوَدَى — he discharged al-wadyاتَّدَى — to receive blood money - وذى1 lemmasihah_005563
This root primarily relates to the concept of a defect, flaw, or blemish. It can also extend to describe a state of coldness or harshness, particularly in relation to the environment.
وَذِيَة — defect - ورى13 lemmassihah_005564
This root primarily concerns the concepts of consumption, burning, and concealment. It extends to meanings of abundance, fatness, and the act of hiding or obscuring something, including information.
وَرَى — he ate itوَرِيَ — he ate itأَوْرَى — to cause to burnوَرَّى — he ate itتَوَرَّى — to hide oneself - وزى4 lemmassihah_005565
This root primarily describes qualities of being short, stout, and energetic. It extends to concepts of being erect, elevated, and actively moving, particularly in the context of animals.
الوَزَى — Short and stoutوَزَى — To be short and stoutمُسْتَوْزِياً — Erect and elevatedالمُسْتَوْزِي — The erect one - وسى5 lemmassihah_005566
This root primarily concerns the act of shaving, particularly the head, using a razor. It also extends to the concept of consoling or comforting someone, and the name Moses.
أَوْسَى — he shaved his headالمُوسَى — meaning that with which one shavesموسى — a man's nameواساه — a weak variant of itاستوسيت — to ask for consolation - وشى21 lemmassihah_005567
The root 'w-sh-y' primarily relates to colors, patterns, and markings, especially on animals like horses. It extends to concepts of embellishment, deception, and reporting, often implying a deviation from a norm or a deliberate alteration.
الشية — any color that differs from the predominant color of a horse or other animalأشيه — piebaldوشيت — to embroiderوشيا — embroideryوشية — pattern - وصى13 lemmassihah_005568
This root primarily concerns the concept of entrusting, bequeathing, or appointing someone as a guardian or executor. It also extends to the idea of connection, joining, or continuity, particularly in relation to plants and vegetation.
أَوْصَى — he enjoined himالْوَصِيّ — executorالْوَصِيَّة — testamentالْوَصَايَة — with an open or broken wawوَصَّى — as if he puts him behind him, where he made him his guardian - وعى13 lemmassihah_005569
This root primarily concerns the concepts of containing, holding, preserving, and understanding. It extends to include notions of inner disposition, healing, and vocalization.
الْوِعَاء — one of the containersأَوْعَيْتُ — to put into a containerأَوْعَيْتُ — to store upوَعَيْتُ — to comprehendوَاعِيَة — an understanding ear - وغى3 lemmassihah_005570
This root primarily relates to the sounds and commotion of conflict, specifically war. It extends to describe the noise and clamor associated with battles, and metaphorically to the sounds of nature.
الوغى — clamor and soundsوغى — To make noiseالأواغي — Furrows, ditches - وفى16 lemmassihah_005571
This root primarily concerns the concepts of fulfillment, completion, and arrival. It extends to meanings of abundance, sufficiency, and meeting or coming together. It also encompasses the idea of taking one's life or soul, leading to the meaning of death.
الوفاء — the opposite of treacheryوفى بعهده — Fulfilled his promiseأوفى — he fulfilled, with the same meaningوفى الشئ — Was abundantالوفى — the one who fulfills - وقى32 lemmassihah_005572
This root primarily concerns protection, guarding, and preservation. It extends to concepts of piety, caution, and warding off harm, as well as physical defense and safeguarding.
اتَّقَى — to fear Godتَقِي — he protected, he protects, like qaḍāتَقْوَى — pietyتَقِيَّة — and pietyتَقَاة — caution - وكى9 lemmassihah_005573
This root primarily relates to the act of tying, binding, or sealing something shut. It extends to concepts of withholding, stinginess, and even silence or restraint, metaphorically linking the closure of a container to the closure of the mouth or the withholding of resources.
الْوِكَاءُ — what the mouth of the waterskin is tied withأَوْكَى — he tied what was in his waterskin with the tieوَكَى — to tie shutوَكَاءً — tie, cordوَكَاءً — stinginess, withholding - ولى18 lemmassihah_005574
This root primarily concerns concepts of closeness, proximity, and succession. It extends to meanings of taking charge, turning away, and being next in line, both literally and figuratively. It also encompasses notions of guardianship, patronage, and alliance.
وَلِيَ — he turned away quickly, meaning hastily and eagerly.أَوْلَى — more worthy of itتَوَلَّى — he took charge of the work: he ledاسْتَوْلَى — he seized it by forceالْوَلِيّ — the opposite of an enemy - ونى11 lemmassihah_005575
This root primarily concerns the concepts of weakness, fatigue, and slowness. It extends to meanings of persistence, delay, and a place of rest or refuge.
الونى — weakness and languorوني — he weakenedوان — weakوانية — weary (she-camel)أونى — to make weary - وهى4 lemmassihah_005576
This root primarily describes states of weakness, decay, or damage, particularly concerning containers like waterskins or structures like walls. It can also refer to a slight tear or defect.
وَهَى — it became torn and rippedوَهْيًا — tearing, splittingوَهًى — it became torn and rippedوَهِيَة — a slight tear - وى5 lemmassihah_005577
This root primarily deals with interjections expressing dismay, regret, or surprise. It also includes a particle used to introduce hypothetical or conditional clauses, often in conjunction with 'ka'an'.
وَيْ — a word of wonder/astonishmentوَيْكَ — woe to you!وَيْ لَعَبْدِ اللهِ — woe unto Abdullahوَيْ كَأَنَّ — particle introducing hypotheticalوَيْ كَأَنَّ — particle introducing supposition - هبا12 lemmassihah_005578
This root primarily relates to fine dust, particles, and light, often associated with the air or atmosphere. It also extends to concepts of smallness, youth, and a specific type of movement or expansion.
الهباء — the scattered thing that you see in the house from the sunlightهبا — to rise as dustيهبو — to rise as dustهبوا — rising of dustأهبيته — to cause to rise as dust - هتا4 lemmassihah_005579
This root primarily concerns the act of giving or providing something. It is used in imperative forms to request an item and in verbal forms to express the act of giving or withholding.
هَاتِ — Hāti, O man, with a kasra on the tāʾ: meaning, give me.هَاتِي — Hāti, with a yāʾ (feminine singular).مُهَانَاة — giving to each otherأُهَاتِيكَ — I will not give you - هجا15 lemmassihah_005580
This root primarily concerns the act of verbal attack, specifically through poetry or prose. It encompasses both the act of composing such content and the content itself, often in opposition to praise. It also extends to the phonetic or orthographic representation of letters.
الهِجاء — the opposite of praiseهَجَا — to satirize, to lampoonهَجْو — satirizingتَهَجٍّ — satirizingتَهَجَّى — to compose satire - هدى29 lemmassihah_005581
This root primarily concerns guidance, direction, and leading someone or something to a destination or understanding. It encompasses concepts of showing the way, recognizing the path, and the act of giving or receiving guidance. It also extends to related ideas like offering gifts and the movement or gait of a person or animal.
هَدَى — Hada and ihtada have the same meaningالهُدَى — guidance and indicationهَدِيَة — The singular is hadiyyahاهْتَدَى — to be guidedهَدَاء — gift - هذى7 lemmassihah_005582
This root primarily relates to speaking incoherently, rambling, or talking nonsense, often due to fever or delirium. It can also extend to speaking excessively or idly.
هَذَى — He spoke deliriouslyيَهْذِي — He speaks deliriously (hathyan)يَهْذُو — He also speaks deliriously (hadhw)هَذْواً — Delirium (hadhw and hadhā')هَذَياناً — Delirium (hathyan and hathayan) - هرا9 lemmassihah_005583
This root primarily relates to striking with a large stick or club, and by extension, to beating or thrashing. It also encompasses the idea of making something yellow or pale, and includes a place name.
الهراوة — The large stickالهراوى — The plural is harāwā, with fatha on the ha and wawهرَوته — beat with a clubتهريته — beat severely with a clubالهاريه — one who beats with a club - هفا7 lemmassihah_005584
This root primarily concerns concepts of slipping, falling, or moving erratically, often associated with lightness or a lack of control. It extends to the actions of birds, the movement of objects in the air, and even states of hunger or a fleeting glance.
الهفوة — The slip, the errorهفا — He slipped, he erred (hafwa)هفوة — A slip, an errorهوافي — wandering thingsالهفو — hunger - هقى3 lemmassihah_005585
This root appears to relate to the act of taking or receiving something unpleasant, and also to a state of being foolish or senile.
هَقَاهُ — to take it from himهَقْيًا — takingأَهْقَى — to be foolish - همى8 lemmassihah_005586
This root primarily concerns the concept of flowing or dripping, particularly water and tears. It also extends to the idea of something being lost or straying, specifically livestock or camels, and a collection of money.
هَمَى — The water and tears flowedيَهْمِي — flows, dripsهَمْيًا — flowing, drippingهَمَيَانًا — Also hamayān, with two fathasهَمَتْ — to be moist, to be dewy - هنو42 lemmassihah_005587
This root primarily deals with the concept of 'thing' or 'matter', often used as a pronoun or a general noun. It also extends to terms related to family, specifically referring to one's father or brothers, and has specific applications in vocative forms and expressions of praise or blame.
هُن — A word of euphemism, meaning 'thing'هُنَوِيّ — of a thingهُنْوَان — two thingsهُنُون — thingsهُنَّهُ — his father - هوى0 lemmassihah_005588
- يدى25 lemmassihah_005589
This root primarily concerns the concept of 'hand' and its physical attributes. It extends to meanings of power, ability, favor, and possession. Derived terms also describe actions related to hands, such as giving, receiving, and the state of a hand.
اليَد — its origin is 'yadā' on the pattern of 'faʿal' meaning the verbal nounأَيَادٍ — hands (plural of plural)أَيْدٍ — he supported, on the pattern of فاعلهيَدَيَّ — plural of 'yad'يَدِيّ — plural of 'yad' - ءء3 lemmassihah_005590
This root entry discusses the letter 'alif' (آ) as a letter of the alphabet, its grammatical function, and its pronunciation. It also touches upon the diminutive form of the word 'ayah' (verse).
آ — a letter that can be lengthened or shortenedآية — an imperative verb-noun, meaning to request more of a speech or actionأيية — small verse - ءذا2 lemmassihah_005591
This root primarily deals with temporal conjunctions and particles indicating future or past events, as well as sudden occurrences. It distinguishes between future and past time markers and explores their grammatical functions, including conditional and sudden realization.
إذا — a noun indicating a future timeإذ — a word indicating what has passed of time - ءلا1 lemmasihah_005592
This root primarily deals with the concept of 'to' or 'towards' in Arabic grammar, functioning as a preposition indicating the end point of a journey or movement. It can imply reaching a destination, entering it, or simply arriving at its vicinity.
إِلَىٰ — singular of al-ālāʾ (blessings) - ءنا1 lemmasihah_005593
This root primarily deals with interrogative adverbs related to place, manner, and origin. It functions similarly to 'where', 'whence', and 'how' in English, often used in questions to inquire about the source or method of something.
أَنَّى — it was time - ءيا9 lemmassihah_005594
This root primarily deals with pronouns and demonstratives, specifically the object pronouns formed with 'إيا' followed by a suffixed pronoun. It also covers related concepts like warning and the light or halo of the sun.
إِيَّا — one of the particles of calling, used to call both near and farإِيَّاكَ — for warning, you say 'beware of the lion'إِيَّايَ — me (object)إِيَّاهُ — him (object)إِيَّانَا — us (object) - با2 lemmassihah_005595
This root primarily concerns the preposition 'bi-' (بـ), its grammatical function as a genitive particle, and its semantic role in connecting an action to its object. It also touches upon the phonetic nature of the letter 'ba' (ب) itself.
بَاءٌ — he admittedبِـ — with, by, in - تا22 lemmassihah_005596
This root entry primarily discusses demonstrative pronouns and particles used for pointing, particularly to feminine singulars, duals, and plurals. It also touches upon the use of the letter 'ta' (ت) as an augmentative in certain verb forms and as a particle in specific grammatical contexts.
تَا — a demonstrative pronoun for the feminine, like 'dhā'تَاهَ — he became arrogantتَيْنِ — the verbal noun of 'tayyana al-dānah'أُولَاءِ — and a sheep that is madتِيَا — this (fem., diminutive) - حا7 lemmassihah_005597
This root primarily relates to the letter 'ح' (ḥā) itself, its pronunciation, and its use in specific contexts. It also encompasses a tribal name and a term for driving camels, with a specialized term for managing goats.
الحاء — the letter ḥāʾ is a letter of the alphabet, pronounced with lengthening and shorteningوحاء — Wuhāحاء — to drive (camels)حاءٌ — a driving soundحاحيت — to manage (goats) - خا3 lemmassihah_005598
This root primarily deals with concepts of haste, urgency, and sometimes a negative connotation of failure or loss. It appears to be used in expressions of calling or urging someone forward, and also in curses or expressions of misfortune.
خاءبك — to hastenخاءبك — may you failخائب — failed - ذا2 lemmassihah_005599
This root primarily deals with demonstrative pronouns used to point to something, distinguishing between masculine and feminine referents. It functions as a way to identify and specify individuals or entities within a discourse.
ذا — dhā is a demonstrative pronoun for the masculineذي — dhī with kasra on the dhāl is for the feminine