Taj al-Arus (Zabidi, d. 1205H)

The root وصد primarily relates to concepts of enclosure, blocking, and firm setting. It encompasses physical structures like courtyards, caves, and enclosures for animals, as well as the act of closing or blocking something. It also extends to meanings of firmness, stability, and even metaphorical constriction.

This root primarily concerns the concept of establishing, firming, and making something stable or fixed. It extends to pressing down, consolidating, and making something permanent, with related meanings of being steadfast and enduring.

This root primarily concerns the concept of promising, pledging, or appointing a time or place. It extends to threats and warnings, as well as the acceptance or fulfillment of a promise or appointment. Figurative uses relate to things that indicate future events or potential.

This root primarily concerns the concept of promising, both in the sense of making a commitment and in the sense of threatening. It explores the nuances of fulfilling promises, breaking them, and the divine aspect of promises and threats. The root also touches upon related concepts like trust and expectation.

This root primarily describes someone or something as weak, foolish, base, or insignificant. It extends to concepts of servitude, lowly status, and even specific objects like the fruit of the eggplant or a type of gambling arrow.

This root primarily concerns the concept of arriving, coming, or being sent as a delegate or envoy to a ruler or authority. It extends to related ideas of approaching, appearing, and the act of sending someone on a mission. Metaphorically, it can refer to things that stand out or rise up.

This root primarily concerns the concept of fire, its ignition, burning, and fuel. It extends metaphorically to concepts of intensity, sharpness, and rapid action, as well as to names and expressions of departure or abandonment.

The root وكد primarily relates to firmness, certainty, and steadfastness. It encompasses concepts of staying in a place, pursuing a goal, strengthening something, and making it certain. It also extends to effort, diligence, and the act of confirming or reinforcing.

This root primarily concerns the concept of birth, offspring, and procreation. It extends to encompass the resulting child, the act of giving birth, and related terms for newborns, young animals, and even servants or young people. The root also touches upon concepts of lineage and belonging.

The root 'ولد' primarily concerns the concept of birth, procreation, and offspring. It extends to encompass notions of upbringing, nurturing, and the generation or creation of things. The root also covers terms related to lineage, descendants, and the process of being born or produced.

This root primarily describes intense heat, particularly oppressive heat that occurs with still air, often associated with the sea or autumn. It can also refer to a specific type of sea-born mist or fog that causes discomfort. Figuratively, it denotes intense anger.

This root appears to be primarily used for place names, specifically villages and regions in historical Persia and Central Asia. It does not seem to have a core semantic meaning beyond geographical designation.

This root primarily describes low-lying, depressed, or hollowed areas of land. It also extends to concepts of making something level or comfortable, and metaphorically to sexual intercourse. Additionally, it includes a proper name for a specific day.

This root primarily concerns the colocynth (حنظل), its fruit, and the process of preparing it for consumption. It also extends to actions related to obtaining and processing the fruit, and metaphorically to feeding someone this bitter substance. Additionally, it includes proper nouns for a man, a horse, and a place/water source.

This root appears to be related to descriptions of something being cold, difficult, or perhaps well-formed and compact. The primary terms discussed are adjectives describing a state or quality.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of sleeping and staying awake, particularly for the purpose of nighttime worship. It encompasses both the act of sleeping and the act of staying awake, often with a focus on the latter in a religious context. The root also extends to related actions like causing someone to sleep or wake up.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of breaking, demolishing, and destroying. It extends to meanings of crushing, weakening, and causing collapse. Figuratively, it can refer to intense fear, severe illness, or extreme old age. It also encompasses sounds, specific places, and names.

This root primarily concerns a thick, curdled milk and various ailments or weaknesses of the eye. It also extends to a black gum from trees and a general sense of weakness.

The root H-R-D primarily relates to tearing, ripping, and damaging, particularly fabric. It also extends to meanings of intense cooking, mixing or confusion, and specific colors or dyes. Several derived terms refer to plants, places, and even a thief.

This root entry is very brief and appears to be an addition or correction to a larger work. It primarily defines a specific place name and its location.

This entry discusses the compound word 'hazar-mard', meaning 'a thousand men'. It is primarily used as a proper noun, specifically as a name for a person.

This root appears to be related to the concept of old age, specifically referring to an elderly woman. It is a less common root with limited derived forms.

This root entry pertains to a specific geographical location, namely a large sea in the far east of India and China, and an island within it.

This root appears to be a variant or dialectal form related to the word for 'lion'. It is also used to derive a term for a brave or courageous person, likely due to the lion's association with bravery.

This root appears to describe a state of being severe or intense, particularly in the context of applying pressure or force upon an opponent. It suggests a forceful or aggressive stance.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being affected by something, particularly illness or a general condition that encompasses people. It suggests a state of being taken over or overwhelmed by a widespread ailment or circumstance.

The root 'همد' primarily relates to cessation, dying, and stillness. This encompasses the death of living beings, the extinguishing of fire, the decay of objects, and the barrenness of land. It can also denote stillness, silence, or even speed in certain contexts.

The root 'هند' primarily relates to the number one hundred, specifically of camels, and by extension, large numbers or quantities. It also extends to place names, personal names, and actions like hastening or being agitated.

The root H-W-D (هود) primarily relates to the concepts of repentance, returning to the right path, and gentleness. It also encompasses terms for the Jewish people, a prophet's name, and physical descriptions of camel humps. Derived meanings extend to leniency, soothing, and even specific days and tribes.

The root 'هيد' primarily relates to causing disturbance, agitation, or movement. It encompasses meanings of frightening, distressing, shaking, moving, and unsettling someone or something. It also extends to meanings of correcting, fixing, or setting something right, and can be used in the context of urging or driving animals.

This root entry discusses a plant name, likely a misspelling, and its properties. The primary focus is on a specific plant that resembles barley and is known for fattening livestock.

This root entry is extremely brief and appears to be a placeholder or incomplete. It mentions a variant of the word 'hand' (يد) with a shadda, noting it's a dialectal variation and that further details will be found in the section on defective verbs.

This entry discusses a proper name, possibly of a prophet, and its variations in pronunciation and spelling. It also touches upon its meaning as a 'controller' or 'ruler' as found in biblical texts.

This root primarily refers to a geographical region in Persia, specifically an area called Yazd. It also denotes cities and places within or associated with this region, and people from there.

This entry discusses a place name, which is considered neglected by lexicographers. It refers to a specific location, with various opinions mentioned regarding its origin and significance.

This root entry primarily discusses a place name, Yaqid, and its association with a woman who claimed prophetic inspiration. It also includes a poetic verse referencing this location and individual.

This root primarily relates to the concept of hardship, toil, and difficulty. It can also refer to the act of working hard or exerting oneself, often in a strenuous manner. The derived meanings extend to the idea of enduring or suffering through hardship.

This root appears to be related to a place name, specifically a city in Al-Andalus. The primary lemma discussed is the name of this location.

This root primarily concerns the act of taking, seizing, or acquiring something. It extends to concepts of beginning an action, making something one's own, and even capturing or holding something.

This root primarily relates to the concept of cutting or severing. It extends to describe sharp cutting tools and the temporal particle 'idh', which signifies past time, surprise, or causality.

This root appears to be related to a specific type of date and personal names. The primary lemma discussed is a Persian loanword for a type of date, which has been Arabized. The root also appears in the names of individuals, suggesting its use in onomastics.

This root entry discusses Persian place names and personal names, specifically related to the region of Oman and Bahrain, and a village in Hajar. It also touches upon a Persian personal name.

This entry discusses the word 'isbahbadh', which is identified as a foreign or non-Arabic name. It is noted that it will be discussed further later in the text.

This entry discusses the city of Istakhr, located between Ray and Jurjan. It notes that the city has a history and that several hadith scholars were attributed to it.

This root primarily relates to the concept of teaching, learning, and mastery, often in a formal or respected capacity. It encompasses the roles of a teacher, master, or scholar, and the actions associated with these roles.

This root primarily concerns the concept of surpassing, overcoming, or excelling over others. It also extends to meanings related to a state of disarray or poor condition, and specific geographical locations.

This root appears to be of Persian origin and is not considered a native Arabic root. It is associated with a specific type of jewel, possibly coral, and its derived terms are also of foreign origin.

This root entry primarily concerns the proper noun for the city of Baghdad. It lists various orthographic variations of the name and notes its gender flexibility. The entry also mentions that the root was previously discussed under the letter Dal.

This root appears to describe states of being or actions related to mistreatment, poverty, and humility. It also includes a proper name.