Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)
5,612 root entries translated · page 110 of 113
- فحا5 lemmassihah_005450
This root primarily relates to the meaning or essence of something, particularly speech. It also extends to specific culinary ingredients, notably onions, and the act of seasoning or preparing food.
فَحْوَى — the purport of speech: its meaning and toneفَحْوَاء — meaning, importفَحَا — onionأَفْحَاء — onionsتَفْحِيَة — seasoning, flavoring - فدى10 lemmassihah_005451
The root ف-د-ى (f-d-y) primarily concerns the concept of ransom, redemption, and sacrifice. It encompasses the act of giving something valuable to save someone or something else, often involving a personal sacrifice or a pledge of one's own life or well-being.
فِدَاء — ransomفَدَى — to ransomفَادَى — to ransomتَفْدِيَة — saying 'may I be your ransom'تَفَادَى — so-and-so avoided such and such, he kept away from it and withdrew from it - فرا20 lemmassihah_005452
The root فرا (f-r-w) primarily relates to cutting, splitting, and creating. It extends to concepts of making or fabricating, particularly lies or falsehoods, and also encompasses the idea of abundance or wealth, often metaphorically linked to the idea of being 'well-made' or 'complete'. It can also refer to physical coverings like fur or skin.
الفَرْو — the fur is known. And the plural is al-firā'الفِرَاء — fursافتَرَى الفَرْوَ — to wear furالفَرْوَة — scalpفَرْوَة — a man's name - فسا7 lemmassihah_005453
This root primarily relates to the emission of flatulence, often with a connotation of unpleasantness or vulgarity. It extends to describe the sound or act of passing gas, and metaphorically to something foul or offensive.
فَسَا — of the same verb class as 'ada'فُسَاء — flatulenceتَفَاسَتْ — emitted gas (beetle)فَاسِيَة — foul-mouthed personالفَسْو — on the pattern of 'fa'ul': one who farts a lot - فشا6 lemmassihah_005454
This root primarily concerns the concept of spreading, becoming widespread, or expanding. It can refer to the dissemination of information, the growth or expansion of something, and by extension, to things that are spread out or numerous, particularly livestock.
فَشَا — to spreadيَفْشُو — to spreadفَشْواً — spreadingأَفْشَى — to cause to spreadتَفَشَّى — to spread out - فصا8 lemmassihah_005455
This root primarily concerns the concept of escaping, getting out of, or separating from a difficult situation, confinement, or a physical attachment. It extends to the idea of relief from hardship and the cessation of something.
تَفَصَّىٰ — he escaped from the narrow place and the calamityالفَصْيَة — with 'fathah' on the 'fa' and 'sukūn' on the 'ṣād'الفَصِيَّة — with 'fathah' on the 'fa' and 'sukūn' on the 'ṣād'تَفَصَّيْتُ — I escaped, I got freeتَفْصِيَة — separating, freeing - فضا11 lemmassihah_005456
This root primarily concerns concepts of spaciousness, openness, and expansion. It extends to notions of reaching, accessing, and intimacy, as well as disorder and mixing.
الفضاء — the courtyard and what is wide of the landأفضيت — I went outأفضيت — I revealedأفضى — he went out into the open spaceأفضاها — if he made her two passages one (i.e., ruptured the perineum) - فعا7 lemmassihah_005457
This root primarily relates to snakes, specifically the viper, and things associated with them. It extends to describe land infested with snakes and even a brand mark shaped like a snake. Figuratively, it can describe someone becoming malicious like a snake.
الأَفْعَى — a snake, and it is of the 'af'al' patternأَفْعَى — with 'tanwīn'أَفَاعِيّ — vipersالأَفْعَوَان — male viperمَفْعَاة — land with vipers - فغا5 lemmassihah_005458
This root primarily relates to the blooming or emergence of flowers, specifically the henna flower. It also extends to describe a type of spoiled, dusty date.
الفَغْو — Henna flowerالفَاغِيَة — Henna flowerأفْغَى — To bloomالفَغَاء — Spoiled datesأفْغَتْ — To spoil (dates) - فقا2 lemmassihah_005459
This root primarily relates to the concept of something being above or over something else, often in the context of arrows or elevated positions. It also extends to the idea of a specific type of bird or a place associated with it.
فَقَاة — arrow's flightفَقَا — he gouged out his eye with its right - فلا18 lemmassihah_005460
This root primarily concerns the concept of a vast, open, and often desolate or dangerous desert or wilderness. It extends to the idea of being in or reaching such a place, and also to the nurturing and raising of young animals, particularly foals, often in the context of weaning.
الفَلَاة — the desert, wildernessالفَلَى — deserts, wildernessesأفْلَى — to reach the wildernessفَلْو — foalفَلْوَة — female foal - فنى14 lemmassihah_005461
This root primarily concerns the concepts of perishing, annihilation, and passing away. It extends to the idea of destruction, particularly in conflict, and also encompasses spatial concepts like courtyards and the outer limits of things. Additionally, it relates to specific botanical and zoological terms.
فَنِيَ — with 'kasrah', perishingفَنَاء — perishingأَفْنَى — to cause to perishتَفَانَوْا — they annihilated each other in warأَفْنِيَة — the plural - فوا2 lemmassihah_005462
This root primarily relates to dyeing and coloring, specifically using a plant-based dye. It also touches upon concepts of strength and potency, possibly derived from the idea of something being well-established or deeply colored.
الفُوَّة — the origin of our word 'fam' because its plural is 'afwah'مُفَوَّى — dyed with madder - في1 lemmasihah_005463
The root 'في' primarily functions as a preposition indicating containment, location within a space, or a state of being. It can also signify being 'upon' or 'about' something, and in specific contexts, it can be used interchangeably with the preposition 'بـ' (bi).
فِي — a preposition, and it is the container and the adverb of place/time, and what is estimated as a container - قبا7 lemmassihah_005464
The root ق-ب-ا primarily relates to covering, enclosing, or gathering. It extends to concepts of clothing, internal organs, and even geographical locations.
القِبَاء — that which is wornالأَقْبِيَة — plural of al-qabāʾتَقَبَّى — he wore the qabāʾالقَبْو — gatheringمَقْبُوَّة — gathered - قتا7 lemmassihah_005465
This root primarily concerns the concept of service, labor, and work, particularly in a subservient or hired capacity. It extends to the idea of performing duties for others, often in exchange for sustenance.
قَتَا — to serveقَتَوْتُ — I servedأَقْتُو — I serveقَتْوًا — serviceمَقْتًى — place of service - قحا5 lemmassihah_005466
This root primarily concerns the chamomile plant and related terms. It includes the name of the plant itself, its diminutive form, and a term for medicine containing it. It also mentions a place name derived from the plant.
الأقحوان — chamomileأقيحي — Diminutive of chamomileأقاح — plural of al-uqḥuwānالمقحو — Medicine containing chamomileالاقحوانة — Place name - قدا17 lemmassihah_005467
This root primarily relates to the concept of being a model or example, and secondarily to pleasant aroma, speed, and a small measure. It encompasses terms for imitation, good smell, swiftness, and a short distance.
القُدْوَة — the exampleقُدْوَة — exampleقُدَة — exampleقَدِيَ — to smell goodقَدْوَى — to smell good - قذى14 lemmassihah_005468
This root primarily concerns foreign matter entering the eye or liquid, and the act of removing it. It also extends to related concepts like expulsion and reciprocation.
قَذَى — foreign bodyقَذِيَ — to have foreign matterقَذَىً — foreign bodyقَذَى العَيْنِ — an adjective for one whose eye has a mote in itقَذِيَتْ — to have foreign matter - قرا28 lemmassihah_005469
This root primarily relates to concepts of gathering, collecting, hosting, and traversing. It extends to meanings of abundance, unity, and the act of visiting or settling in a place. It also encompasses physical objects and locations associated with these actions.
القرو — wooden bowlالقروة — dog's salivaقروانى — related to the scrotumالقرا — the backالقرية — well-known - قسا16 lemmassihah_005470
This root primarily denotes hardness, roughness, and severity, particularly concerning the heart. It extends to physical hardness of objects, hardship in experience, and can also refer to a place name, a type of counterfeit coin, and a historical epithet.
قَسَا — to be hardقَسْوَة — verbal noun of qasāقَسَاوَة — verbal noun of qasāقِسَاء — verbal noun of qasāأَقْسَاهُ — he made it hard - قشا5 lemmassihah_005471
This root primarily concerns the act of peeling, stripping, or scraping something off. It extends to the state of being peeled or scraped, and can be used metaphorically for removing or clearing away.
قَشَا — to peelقَشْوًا — peelingالمَقْشُوّ — the peeled oneقَشَّيَةً — peelingمُقَشَّىً — meaning peeled - قصا23 lemmassihah_005472
This root primarily concerns the concept of distance, remoteness, and separation. It extends to notions of being far away, moving away, and the furthest point. It also has a specific, less common meaning related to modifying animal ears and a metaphorical sense of being esteemed or reserved.
قَصَا — from the people: his debtقَصِيٌّ — adjective meaning distantقَاصِيَةٌ — and a distant landقَصِيَّةٌ — and a distant landقَصَا — from the people: his debt - قضى22 lemmassihah_005473
The root قضى primarily concerns the concepts of judgment, decision, completion, and fulfillment. It extends to meanings of decreeing, killing, dying, performing, and conveying information. It also encompasses the ideas of creation, destiny, and appointment.
القضاء — judgmentقضى — it means performance and completionالاقضية — judgmentsالقضية — caseالقضايا — cases - قطا16 lemmassihah_005474
This root primarily relates to the concept of a bird, specifically a type of sandgrouse, and its collective noun. It also extends to describe a specific posture or position, like that of a rider, and a manner of walking with liveliness.
القَطَا — sandgrouse (collective)قَطَاة — sandgrouse (singular)قَطَوات — it is also pluralized as قطواتقَطِيّات — and sometimes they say قطياتلَهَوات — uvula (plural variant) - قعا7 lemmassihah_005475
This root primarily describes forms of sitting or squatting, often in a specific posture. It also extends to the mating of animals and descriptive terms for objects or physical attributes.
أَقْعَى — to squatإِقْعَاء — squatting postureقَعَا — to squatقَعْو — mating (of a stallion)قَعْوَاء — slender-legged - قفا14 lemmassihah_005476
This root primarily concerns the back of the neck and, by extension, following or pursuing someone or something. It also extends to concepts of accusation, leaving a mark, and poetic rhyme.
القَفَا — back of the neckقَفَا — he slandered, accusedقَفِيّ — plural of qafaأَقْفِيَة — plural of qafaقَوَافٍ — rhymes - قلا34 lemmassihah_005477
This root primarily deals with the concept of frying or roasting food. It extends to meanings of driving away, disliking or hating, and also includes terms for specific objects and actions related to these core ideas, such as a frying pan or a type of game.
قَلَى — hatredمَقْلِيّ — roastedمَقْلُوّ — friedقَلَّاء — the man who roastsقِلْيَة — roasted food - قنا25 lemmassihah_005478
This root primarily concerns the concepts of acquiring, possessing, and accumulating wealth or possessions. It also extends to meanings of contentment, satisfaction, and enduring or lasting. Additionally, it covers physical attributes like a hooked nose and objects such as a spear or a date cluster.
قَنَا، يَقْنُو، قُنُوٌّ — to acquire, possessاقْتَنَى، يَقْتَنِي، اقْتِنَاءٌ — to acquire, possessقَنِيَ، يَقْنَى، قَنًى — to be content, satisfiedأَقْنَى، يُقْنِي، إِقْنَاءٌ — to give, bestowقِنْيَة — an acquisition also, with kasra and damma on the qaf in both, if you acquire it for yourself, not for trade - قوا18 lemmassihah_005479
This root primarily deals with concepts of strength, power, and endurance, contrasting with weakness. It also extends to meanings related to emptiness, desolation, and scarcity, particularly concerning provisions and land.
القُوَّة — the opposite of weaknessقُوَى — he became strong, so he is strongأَقْوَى — when his riding animal was strongقَوِيّ — he became strong, so he is strongمُقْوٍ — strong in his riding animal - قها4 lemmassihah_005480
This root primarily concerns the loss or suppression of appetite, particularly for food. It extends to the idea of something that causes this loss, such as wine, and also describes a state of being disheartened or lacking spirit.
أَقْهَى — to lose appetiteقَهِيَ — to lose appetiteالقَهْوَة — the wine; it was named thus because it makes one lose appetite: meaning, it takes away the desire for foodالقَاهِي — disheartened - كبا19 lemmassihah_005481
The root 'كبا' primarily relates to falling, collapsing, or failing to ignite. It extends to concepts of covering, extinguishing, and even specific items like types of incense or refuse.
كَبَا — he fell on his faceكَبْوًا — a fallكَابٍ — falling on his faceأَكْبَى — to cause to fallكَبوْت — to sweep - كتى1 lemmasihah_005482
This root appears to relate to self-praise or boasting without corresponding action, and also to hesitation or stammering.
اِكْتَوتَى — to boast excessively - كثا2 lemmassihah_005483
This root primarily relates to abundance, plenty, and thick growth. It can describe things being numerous, plentiful, or densely packed, often in a positive or luxuriant sense.
كَثَا — to be abundantكَثْوَة — poet's name - كدى5 lemmassihah_005484
The root كدى (k-d-y) primarily relates to concepts of hardness, obstruction, and exhaustion, particularly in the context of digging or physical effort. It extends to meanings of scarcity, failure, and cessation, as well as certain animal ailments.
الكَدْيَة — Hard groundكَدَى — To hit hard groundأَكْدَى — the man: his good became littleكَادِيَة — Slow-growing landكُدًى — Hard ground (plural) - كذا1 lemmasihah_005485
This root primarily deals with indication and reference, specifically functioning as a pronoun or demonstrative to denote an unspecified thing or number. It is used to refer to something vaguely or to quantify an amount.
كَذَا — an allusion to something - كرى29 lemmassihah_005486
The root كرى (kry) primarily relates to sleep, drowsiness, and the act of sleeping. It also extends to concepts of delay, lengthening, increase, decrease, digging, and movement, with some terms referring to specific objects or creatures.
الكرى — drowsinessكرى — from the pattern of ṣadāكرية — something disliked, hatefulكريان — drowsyأكريت — to delay - كسا8 lemmassihah_005487
This root primarily deals with the concept of clothing, covering, and bestowing garments. It encompasses the act of dressing someone, being dressed, and the garments themselves, as well as metaphorical extensions of covering or providing for.
كَسَا — he clothedكَسْوَة — with kasra on the kaf and damma on it, the singular of al-kisa'اِكْتَسَى — he clothed himselfكَسَاء — one, and it is the singular of aksiyahأَكْسِيَة — garments, robes - كشى2 lemmassihah_005488
This root primarily relates to the fatty tissue found in the belly of certain animals, particularly lizards. It also encompasses the concept of fat or suet derived from such sources.
الكشية — Lizard's belly fatالكشى — Fat; suet - كظا5 lemmassihah_005489
This root primarily describes the state of flesh being abundant, thick, and well-developed. It conveys a sense of plumpness and robustness, often associated with healthy or well-fed individuals.
كَظَا — to be abundantيَكْظُو — to be abundantكَظَا — to be abundantخَظَا — to be abundantبَظَا — to be abundant - كفى12 lemmassihah_005490
The root كفى (k-f-y) primarily denotes sufficiency, adequacy, and providing enough. It extends to concepts of protection, reward, and meeting needs, encompassing both the act of being sufficient and the state of having enough.
كَفَى — he sufficed him from his provision, it suffices him sufficientlyكِفَايَة — sufficiencyاِكْتَفَى — he was content with itاِسْتَكْفَى — to ask for sufficiencyكَفَّانِي — it sufficed me - كلى12 lemmassihah_005491
This root primarily concerns the kidney, its anatomy, and related medical conditions. It also extends to metaphorical uses for the lower part of things, and importantly, to dual demonstrative pronouns indicating totality or entirety.
الكُلْيَة — kidneyالكُلْوَة — kidneyكُلْيَتَان — kidneysكُلَى — kidneysاِكْتَلَى — to have one's kidney struck - كمى8 lemmassihah_005492
This root primarily concerns the concepts of concealment, hiding, and covering. It extends to bravery, often depicted as a warrior concealing themselves in armor, and also includes the name of a specific craft.
كَتَمَ — to concealيَكْتُمُ — to concealانْكَمَى — to hide oneselfتَكَمَّى — to cover oneselfتَكَمَّتَ — to overwhelm - كنى8 lemmassihah_005493
This root primarily concerns the concept of indirectness, allusion, and euphemism in speech. It extends to the idea of a nickname or kunya, a form of address often based on a fatherhood or motherhood title, and also relates to the interpretation of dreams through symbolic representation.
كِنَايَة — Euphemism, allusionكَنَى — To use a euphemismاِكْتَنَى — He took an agnomen.كُنْيَة — Kunya, nicknameكُنْيَة — Kunya (plural) - كوى11 lemmassihah_005494
This root primarily concerns the act of cauterizing or branding with heat. It extends to related concepts like stinging, verbal confrontation, and the tools used for cauterizing. It also includes a noun for a hole or opening, and a particle used to express purpose.
كَوَى — He cauterized him, he cauterizes him, cauterization.اِكْتَوَى — to be cauterizedكَيّ — Lightened, the answer to the saying of one who says 'Why did you do it?'. You say: so that it may be so.مِكْوَاة — cauterizing ironكاوَحَ — to insult - كهى3 lemmassihah_005495
This root primarily relates to concepts of greatness, size, and prominence, particularly when referring to female camels. It also extends to geographical features like mountains.
الكهاة — Great she-camelكهاة — Fat she-camelأكهى — Name of a mountain - لءى11 lemmassihah_005496
This root primarily concerns concepts of hardship, difficulty, and delay. It extends to meanings of poverty, a wild ox, and a personal name.
لَاءَ — to delayلَاءَى — to delayلَأْيًا — hardshipتَأَىّ — to delayتَأَىّ — delay - لبى6 lemmassihah_005497
This root primarily concerns responding to a call, particularly in the context of religious pilgrimage. It extends to concepts of staying in a place and engaging in mutual communication or consultation.
لَبَّى — He responded to the call for Hajj with talbiya.تَلْبِيَة — uttering the talbiyahلَبَّأْتُ — to say 'labbayka' (with hamza)أَلْبَبْتُ — to stay in a placeلَبَبْتُ — (I) became intelligent (with ḍamma). - لتى13 lemmassihah_005498
This root primarily deals with demonstrative pronouns for the feminine singular, dual, and plural, with variations in pronunciation and form. It also extends to idiomatic expressions referring to severe difficulties or calamities.
الَّتِي — an ambiguous noun for the feminine, which is definite, and it is not permissible to remove the 'alif' and 'lam' from it for indefiniteness, and it is not complete except with a relative clauseاللَّتْ — a variant of 'allatī'اللُّتْ — a variant of 'allatī'اللَّتَانِ — dual of 'allatī'اللَّتَا — dual of 'allatī' - لثى12 lemmassihah_005499
This root primarily concerns the concept of moisture, dampness, and stickiness, often associated with liquids or exudations. It extends to the idea of becoming soiled or dirty due to such moisture, and also refers to the anatomical part around the teeth.
لَثِيَ — to be dampلَثَى — to be dampلَثِيَ — to be soiledلَثَى — to soilلَثَى — dampness