Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)
5,612 root entries translated · page 36 of 113
- شهبر4 lemmassihah_001751
This root primarily describes something large, old, and aged, particularly referring to an old woman. It can also extend to describe something that is large and aged in a more general sense.
الشَّهْبَرَة — Old, large womanشَهْبَرَه — Old and largeالشَّهَابِر — Old, large womenشَهَابِرًا — Large and aged (plural) - شهدر2 lemmassihah_001752
This root appears to relate to extreme or excessive qualities, particularly in a negative or vulgar sense. It describes something or someone as being excessively foul, immodest, or immoderate.
شَهْدَرَة — Foulness, immodestyشَهْدَار — Foul, immodest - صبر0 lemmassihah_001753
- صحر14 lemmassihah_001754
This root primarily concerns the desert, its characteristics, and related concepts. It extends to terms for barren land, specific geographical features within rocky areas, and descriptive terms for animals with reddish or light-colored markings. It also includes derived meanings related to venturing into the desert, specific types of food and drink, and place names.
الصَّحْرَاء — the wildernessالصَّحَارَى — plural of صحراءالصَّحْرَاوَات — desertsأَصْحَرَ الرَّجُلُ — he went out to the desertالصَّحْرَة — hollow in a lava field - صخر7 lemmassihah_001755
This root primarily relates to large stones and rocks. It also extends to specific types of vessels and a proper name.
الصَّخْر — the large stones, which are rocksصُخُور — rocksصَخْر — rock (variant)صَخْرَة — a single piece of rockصَخْرَة — a single piece of rock - صدر16 lemmassihah_001756
The root 'صدر' primarily relates to the front part of the chest, the beginning or front of something, and the act of returning or departing. It extends to concepts of leadership, origin, and specific garments or markings.
الصَّدْر — one of the chestsصَدْرُ القَنَاة — top of the spearheadصَدْرُ السَّهْم — front of the arrowالصَّدْرَة — upper chest garmentالمَصْدُور — one with chest pain - صرر25 lemmassihah_001757
The root صرر (ṣrr) primarily relates to concepts of tightness, binding, intensity, and sound. It encompasses physical sensations like cold and thirst, as well as abstract notions of determination and hardship. Derived terms describe sounds, places, specific types of people, and actions involving constriction.
الصَرَّة — the shoutصرة القيظ — Peak of summer heatالصِرَار — High groundصرار — a string tied above the udder and the teat so that its young does not suckle itصرَّ — he tied the purse - صعر14 lemmassihah_001758
This root primarily concerns the concept of tilting, inclining, or turning something aside, often associated with arrogance or pride. It also extends to meanings of intensity, harshness, and specific physical characteristics or marks.
الصَّعَر — the inclination in the cheekصَعَّرَ — he turned his cheek awayصَاعِر — Arrogant, haughtyصَعَّرَ — he turned his cheek awayتَصَعَّرَ — To become bent or crooked - صعبر2 lemmassihah_001759
This root appears to relate to a specific type of tree, possibly a variant of the Sidr tree. The primary derived terms refer to this plant.
الصعبر — A type of treeالصنعبر — A type of tree - صعفر4 lemmassihah_001760
This root appears to describe a state of agitation, scattering, or rapid movement, often associated with fear or panic. It can apply to animals, particularly donkeys, and implies a sudden, uncontrolled dispersion.
اِصْعَنْفَرَتْ — scattered in panicاِبْذَعَرَتْ — scatteredصَعْفَرَهَا — caused them to scatterاِسْحَنْفَرَتْ — scattered - صغر18 lemmassihah_001761
This root primarily deals with the concept of smallness, littleness, and youth. It extends to notions of insignificance, humility, and also the opposite, namely greatness or seniority. The root also encompasses the idea of humiliation and subjugation.
صَغُرَ — he became smallصِغَر — he became smallصِغَار — smallصَغِير — smallصَغَّرَ — he became small - صفر21 lemmassihah_001762
The root صفر (ṣ-f-r) primarily relates to the concept of emptiness, hollowness, and absence. It extends to meanings of paleness or yellowness, a specific month, and various creatures or phenomena associated with these core ideas.
الصُّفْرَة — the color yellowاصْفَرَّ — the thing became yellowاصْفَار — pl. of Safarصَفَّرَ — to be empty (like 'ṭariba')الأَصْفَرَان — gold and saffron - صقر10 lemmassihah_001763
This root primarily relates to birds of prey, specifically falcons, and by extension, things associated with them or their characteristics. It also extends to meanings related to intense heat, sourness, and specific types of dates or date products.
الصَّقْر — the bird used for hunting (falcon)صَقَرَة — Intensity of sunصَقَرَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ — Sun beat down onصَقْرَة — Sournessصَقْر — Intensity of sun - صمر6 lemmassihah_001764
This root primarily relates to unpleasant odors, particularly those associated with decay or sweat. It also extends to meanings of dryness, firmness, and endurance, possibly stemming from a sense of being dried out or hardened.
الصمارى — anusصَمَر — stenchالصَّبْر — patienceأصبارها — its depthsأصمارها — its depths - صنر1 lemmasihah_001765
This root appears to relate to pointed or protruding objects, particularly those used in tools or as parts of structures. It also has a specific regional application to the ear.
الصنارة — the head of the spindle - صور0 lemmassihah_001766
- صهر14 lemmassihah_001767
The root صهر (ṣ-h-r) primarily relates to melting, dissolving, and intense heat. It also extends to concepts of kinship through marriage and connections formed by affinity or proximity.
الأصهار — the woman's family (in-laws)صاهرت — To marry intoأصهرت — To become connected by marriageإصهار — Marriage allianceصهرت — To melt - صير13 lemmassihah_001768
The root صير primarily relates to the concept of becoming, transforming, or ending up in a certain state. It also extends to meanings of making or causing something to be, as well as the final outcome or destination of a matter. Additionally, it encompasses specific physical objects and architectural features.
صَارَ — he cut and separated the thingيَصِيرُ — to becomeصَيْرًا — becomingصَيْرُورَةً — verbal noun of ṣāraمَصِيرًا — destination - ضبر13 lemmassihah_001769
The root ضبر (ḍ-b-r) primarily relates to concepts of firmness, compactness, and gathering. It extends to meanings of a hard nut, a group of warriors, and the act of gathering or piling things up. It also describes a sturdy build and a horse's powerful leap.
الضبر — Hard nutضبر — To gather and leapضبارة — Bundleضبارة — Sturdy buildمضبر — Sturdily built - ضبطر3 lemmassihah_001770
This root appears to describe intensity, strength, and firmness, particularly in the context of a lion's might. It is used to denote something powerful and unyielding.
الضَّبْطَر — Lionالهِزْبَر — the strong lionشَدِيد — clear, evident - ضجر9 lemmassihah_001771
This root primarily concerns feelings of annoyance, impatience, and weariness, often stemming from distress or boredom. It extends to expressions of agitation, particularly in animals, and can describe a state of being bothersome or irritating.
الضَّجَر — Annoyance from distressضَجِرَ — he was anxious, restlessضَجِر — he was anxious, restlessضَجُور — very anxious/restlessأَضْجَرَ — he made him anxious/restless - ضرر34 lemmassihah_001772
This root primarily concerns harm, damage, and detriment, encompassing both physical and abstract forms. It also extends to concepts of hardship, need, and scarcity, as well as social dynamics like marital rivalry and the state of being visually impaired.
ضَرّ — the opposite of to benefitضَرَر — noun of ḍarraضِرّ — the opposite of to benefitضِرَّة — co-wifeمُضَرّ — he made the thing bitter or sour - ضطر6 lemmassihah_001773
This root primarily describes a large, imposing man who lacks strength or capability. It also extends to terms for such individuals and their collective groups, sometimes with a negative connotation regarding their fighting prowess or armament.
الضَيْطَر — Huge, incapable manالضَوْطَر — Huge, incapable manالضَوْطَرَى — Huge, incapable manالضَيْطَار — Huge, incapable manالضَيْطَارُون — Group of huge, incapable men - ضفر12 lemmassihah_001774
The root ضفر (ḍ-f-r) primarily relates to the concept of intertwining, braiding, or weaving. This extends to physical formations like braided hair, twisted ropes, and even geographical features like sand dunes. It also encompasses related ideas of cooperation, speed, and a man's belt.
ضَفَرَ — braiding hair and other things broadlyضَفْر — braiding hair and other things broadlyتَضْفِير — same as ḍafr (braiding)اِنْضَفَرَ — to twist togetherضَفِيرَة — braid, plait - ضمر21 lemmassihah_001775
This root primarily concerns the concept of leanness, thinness, and emaciation, often applied to animals, especially horses and camels. It also extends to abstract concepts like hidden intentions, unfulfilled promises, and specific types of plants and places associated with horses.
الضمر — emaciationضمر — emaciation and lightness of fleshضمر — emaciation and lightness of fleshأضمر — its owner made it leanضمّر — emaciation and lightness of flesh - ضور7 lemmassihah_001776
This root primarily concerns the concept of causing harm, damage, or distress. It extends to related ideas of suffering, pain, and even a specific type of vocalization associated with hardship.
ضارَّ — meaning he harmed himيضوره — to harm (present)يضيره — to harm (present)ضَوْرًا — harmضَيْرًا — harm - طثر6 lemmassihah_001777
This root primarily relates to thick, viscous substances, particularly in liquids like water or milk. It also extends to concepts of abundance, prosperity, and even personal names derived from these meanings.
الطثرة — Sediment, thick liquidطثر — To thicken (milk)تطثير — To cause to thickenالطائر — Curdled milkالطيثار — Mosquito - طحر13 lemmassihah_001778
The root طحر (ṭaḥara) primarily relates to the act of expelling or ejecting something, particularly foreign matter from the eye or water from a spring. It also extends to meanings of speed, distance, and intensity, as well as describing sparse or scattered things.
طَحَرَ — to expelتَطَحَّرَ — to be expelledطَحْرًا — expulsionطَحُور — fastمُطَحَّر — far-going - طحمر4 lemmassihah_001779
The root طحمر appears to relate to concepts of filling, stretching, and covering. It is used in contexts of filling a waterskin, stretching a bowstring, and the presence of clouds obscuring the sky.
طَحْمَرَتْ — to fillطَحْمَرَتْ — to stringطَحْمَرِيرَة — cloudinessطَخْمَرِيرَة — cloudiness - طخر8 lemmassihah_001780
This root appears to relate to concepts of being scattered, dispersed, or mixed, often referring to people or clouds. It can also describe someone who is not robust or substantial.
الطخور — Scattered cloudsطخروره — Scattered cloudsطخارير — Scattered cloudsطخارير — Mixed peopleطخارير — Scattered clouds - طرر16 lemmassihah_001781
This root primarily relates to edges, borders, and extremities. It extends to concepts of growth, sharpness, cutting, and also to specific physical features and actions like leading or moving alongside.
الطرة — the hem of the garment, which is its side that has no fringeطُرَر — edges, bordersالطرتان — two stripes on shouldersطَرَّ — to grow (plants)طُرُور — growth of plants - طعر2 lemmassihah_001782
This root appears to be related to sexual intercourse, specifically the act of a man having intercourse with a woman. It is a direct and somewhat crude term for this action.
طَعَرَ — to have intercourse withطَعْرًا — intercourse - طفر3 lemmassihah_001783
This root primarily concerns the concept of leaping, jumping, or vaulting. It extends to the idea of surpassing or excelling, and also relates to a sudden appearance or occurrence.
طَفَرَ — to leapطُفُورٌ — leapingالطَّفْرَةُ — the leap, the jump - طمر17 lemmassihah_001784
The root طمر (ṭmr) primarily relates to the concepts of leaping, jumping, and covering or burying. It extends to meanings of elevation, worn-out things, and hidden places, as well as destructive actions.
طَمَرَ — to leapالطُّمُور — leapingطَمَرَ — to leap (horse)طَمُور — leapingطِمَار — high place - طنبر2 lemmassihah_001785
This root appears to relate to a specific type of musical instrument, likely of Persian origin, and its variations in name.
الطنبور — a Persian word that has been Arabizedالطنبار — with kasra, a variant pronunciation of it - طور7 lemmassihah_001786
This root primarily concerns concepts of extension, limits, stages, and transitions. It encompasses physical extensions of property, metaphorical boundaries, sequential phases of development, and the idea of a turn or instance.
طوار — extensionأطور — to approachتطر — to approachطور — turnأطوار — stages - طهر13 lemmassihah_001787
This root primarily concerns the concept of purity, cleanliness, and freedom from impurity, both physical and ritual. It extends to notions of chastity, moral integrity, and being unblemished.
طَهُرَ — to be pureطَهَّرَ — to purifyتَطْهِير — purificationطُهْر — purityطَهَارَة — purity - طير20 lemmassihah_001788
This root primarily concerns the concept of birds and flight. It extends to related ideas like omens, speed, dispersion, and expansion, often metaphorically.
طَائِر — its plural is 'ṭayr' like 'ṣāḥib'طَيْر — the plural of 'ṭayr' is 'ṭuyūr' and 'aṭyār' like 'farkh' (chick), 'furūkh' and 'afrākh'طُيُور — birds (plural)أَطْيَار — birds (plural)تَطَيَّرَ — he took an ill omen from the thing and by the thing - ظءر16 lemmassihah_001789
This root primarily concerns the concept of maternal affection, care, and nurturing, particularly in the context of animals like camels. It extends to the idea of fostering or adopting, and metaphorically, to reconciliation or softening of disposition.
الظئر — Wet nurseظؤار — Plural of الظئرظؤور — Plural of الظئرأظآر — Plural of الظئرظوورة — Plural of الظئر - ظرر7 lemmassihah_001790
This root primarily concerns sharp, cutting stones or rocks, often with a knife-like edge. It extends to describe land that is stony or rugged due to such formations, and also refers to a type of mournful or desolate place.
الظَّرَر — sharp stoneظِرَار — sharp stones (pl.)ظِرَان — sharp stones (pl.)مُظَرَّة — stony landالظَّرِير — desolate place - ظفر20 lemmassihah_001791
The root ظفر primarily relates to the concept of nails, claws, or talons, and by extension, to grasping or seizing. It also extends to meanings of victory, success, and overcoming an opponent, as well as specific geographical and botanical terms.
الظفر — Nail, clawأظفار — Nails, clawsأظفور — Nail, clawأظافير — Nails, clawsأظفر — a man 'aẓfar', clearly 'ẓafar' with two fatḥas: meaning long-nailed, like a man 'ashʿar' (hairy) with long hair - ظهر30 lemmassihah_001792
This root primarily relates to the concept of the back, rear, or posterior. It extends to meanings of support, assistance, appearance, and the time of day after noon. Derived terms cover physical locations, abstract concepts of backing and help, and temporal references.
الظَّهْر — the opposite of the bellyظَهَرَ — it became clearظَهِير — helper, supporterظَاهِر — he committed ẓihār with his wifeالظَّهِيرَة — midday heat - عبر24 lemmassihah_001793
This root primarily concerns the concept of crossing, passing over, or traversing. It extends to meanings related to emotional states like weeping, the physical act of crying, and the sides or banks of a body of water. It also encompasses interpretation, death, and things that are abundant or extensive.
العِبْرَة — the verbal noun of 'iʿtibār' (taking a lesson)عَبَرَ — his tears flowedعَابِر — the adjective for all of themعَبَرَتْ عَيْنُهُ — his eye welled upاسْتَعْبَرَتْ — his eye also shed tears - عبثر4 lemmassihah_001794
This root appears to be related to a specific type of fragrant plant. The primary lemma discussed is the name of this plant, with variations in pronunciation and spelling.
العَبَوْثَرَان — fragrant plantعَبَوْثَرَان — fragrant plantعُبَيْثِرَان — fragrant plantعُبَيْثِرَان — fragrant plant - عبسر1 lemmasihah_001795
This root primarily relates to a stern, frowning, or severe countenance. It can also describe a fast-moving camel, particularly a female one, suggesting a powerful and determined gait.
العَبْسُور — Swift she-camel - عبقر6 lemmassihah_001796
This root primarily relates to a mythical land of the Jinn, from which the concept of 'genius' or exceptional skill is derived. It also extends to descriptions of fine carpets, strong individuals, and even natural phenomena like mirages and frost.
العبقر — a place that Arabs claim is from the land of the jinnعبقري — it is singular and pluralعبقرية — it is said for a woman: 'Abqariyyah clothesعباقرى — Plural of geniusعب قر — Frost - عبهر3 lemmassihah_001797
The root ' عبهر ' primarily describes a state of fullness, plumpness, or being well-filled. This applies to both living beings, particularly women, and inanimate objects like bows, indicating a robust or substantial form.
عَبْهَر — plump, full-bodiedعَبْهَرَة — full-bodied womanعَبْهَر — full, well-strung (bow) - عتر7 lemmassihah_001798
The root عتر primarily relates to origins, lineage, and foundational elements. It extends to concepts of plants, adornments, and specific sacrificial practices, as well as physical actions like shaking or trembling.
العتر — originعترة — offspringعتيرة — sacrificeعتر — to sacrificeيعتر — to sacrifice - عثر15 lemmassihah_001799
The root عثر (ʿathara) primarily relates to stumbling, falling, or encountering an obstacle. It extends to meanings of discovering something, encountering difficulty or hardship, and also refers to dust and tracks.
العَثْرَة — the stumble, the slipعَثَرَ — he stumbled in his garmentعَثَار — Stumblingعَثَرَ بِهِ فَرَسُهُ — His horse stumbled with himعَثَرَ عَلَيْهِ — To discover, find - عجر17 lemmassihah_001800
The root عجر primarily relates to concepts of knotting, swelling, thickness, and protrusion. It extends to descriptions of physical bulk, particularly in the abdomen, and also encompasses actions like tying, wrapping, and extending. Some derived terms refer to specific items of clothing or accessories, and others describe animal or human actions.
العُجْرَة — knotالعُجْرَة — Ka'b ibn 'Ujraالعُجْرَة — type of turbanالعَجَر — bulkinessأَعْجَر — large-bellied