Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)

This root primarily concerns the act of scattering, disturbing, or overturning something. It extends to digging into or excavating something, and metaphorically to revealing what is hidden.

This root primarily relates to sudden, intense occurrences, particularly in weather and animal health. It describes a heavy downpour of rain and a severe, fatal thirst affecting camels.

This root appears to describe a state of commotion, agitation, or being overwhelmed. It relates to a tumultuous situation and internal distress or confusion.

The root بقر (bqr) primarily relates to cattle, specifically cows, and their collective nouns. It extends to meanings of opening, splitting, and expanding, particularly in the context of knowledge and wealth. It also encompasses derived terms for specific objects, actions, and even a children's game.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being first, early, or young. It extends to virginity, the firstborn, young animals (especially camels), and the beginning or earliest part of something, including time and fruit.

This root primarily concerns concepts of ruin, destruction, perishing, and worthlessness. It extends to ideas of testing, trying, and also to the state of uncultivated land and unsaleable goods.

This root primarily concerns concepts of overwhelming, surpassing, or dazzling. It extends to notions of exhaustion, the middle or core of something, and specific anatomical or botanical terms. It also includes expressions of surprise, admiration, and falsehood.

This root primarily concerns the concept of shortness, particularly in relation to stature or length. It is presented as a variant of another root and describes something or someone as being short.

This root primarily relates to the concept of largeness and immensity, particularly when describing animals like camels or camels. It can also extend to the idea of being large or imposing in stature.

This root appears to relate to following or pursuing something, often with the implication of tracking or tracing.

This root primarily deals with concepts related to gold and silver in their raw or unworked forms, as well as destruction, ruin, and breaking.

This root primarily concerns the concept of trade, commerce, and selling. It extends to the act of trading, the people involved in it, and even metaphorical applications related to goods or animals that are 'trading' or 'selling' in a particular state.

This root primarily relates to concepts of rarity, scarcity, and being set apart. It extends to meanings of cutting off, moving away, and also to physical attributes like fullness and robustness. Additionally, it encompasses notions of disturbance, great matters, and specific roles or objects.

This root primarily relates to the boiling or bubbling of liquids, particularly water in a pot. It describes the state of a pot when its contents are vigorously boiling.

This root primarily deals with the concept of a specific indentation or cleft, particularly on the upper lip. It also extends to related ideas of separation or division in some contexts.

This root primarily concerns dates, their collection, sale, and consumption. It extends to concepts of abundance, sustenance, and by extension, things that are plentiful or substantial. Metaphorically, it can refer to a dwelling or a significant entity.

This root appears to describe the concept of something becoming long, extended, or intense. It is often used metaphorically to denote a prolonged or severe state.

This root primarily relates to the concept of an oven or a place where things are baked. It also extends to a metaphorical meaning related to the surface of the earth, particularly in a divine or prophetic context.

The root 'تور' primarily relates to the concept of carrying, conveying, or being sent, often in the context of messages or goods. It also encompasses the meaning of a container for drinking.

This root primarily relates to the concept of flow, current, and repetition. It encompasses notions of waves, swiftness, and the act of returning or repeating an action over time.

This root primarily describes a type of sandy terrain that lacks a cliff or steep edge. It also extends metaphorically to describe a person who is lost in thought or self-absorbed.

This root primarily concerns the concept of vengeance, retribution, and seeking justice for a killed kinsman. It encompasses the act of avenging, the state of being vengeful, and the person who carries out or is the object of vengeance.

This root appears to describe the act of recoiling or turning back, particularly in response to fear or alarm. It conveys a sense of being deterred or restrained from proceeding.

This root primarily concerns concepts of steadfastness, perseverance, and holding back or restraining. It also extends to meanings related to destruction, loss, and specific geographical or topographical features.

This root primarily relates to the concept of the middle or center of something, particularly in a geographical or physical sense. It also extends to meanings related to the dregs or sediment of pressed substances and, by extension, to mixing or adulterating.

This root primarily relates to abundance, particularly of water or milk, and by extension, to excessive speech. It describes things that are copious, plentiful, or overflowing, and can also refer to a specific geographical location.

This root appears to relate to small, protruding growths or formations. It describes specific anatomical features and skin conditions.

This root primarily deals with the concept of pouring out or gushing forth, particularly liquids like blood. It describes the action of causing something to flow and the state of flowing itself.

This root primarily relates to the front teeth, the act of breaking them, and by extension, openings or breaches in fortifications or geographical locations. It also encompasses a specific anatomical feature in the neck.

This root primarily refers to the pudendum or vulva of female animals, particularly predators and those with claws. It can be metaphorically extended to other creatures and is associated with modesty or shame.

This root primarily concerns the concept of fruit, produce, and the resulting abundance or wealth. It extends to the idea of something bearing fruit, maturing, and accumulating.

This root primarily relates to the concept of rising, surging, or becoming agitated. It extends to meanings of disturbance, excitation, and eruption, often in a physical or emotional sense. It also encompasses specific nouns for a bull, a type of cheese, and geographical or tribal names.

This root primarily relates to sounds of distress or intensity, such as the bellowing of cattle or a loud cry. It also extends to concepts of abundance, particularly in relation to rain, and supplication.

The root جبر (j-b-r) primarily relates to mending, repairing, and making whole, especially in the context of bones. It extends to concepts of enriching the poor, compulsion, arrogance, and even divine power. The root also encompasses terms for large or imposing things and has connections to specific days and names.

This root primarily concerns the concept of a hole, burrow, or cavity, often associated with animals or concealment. It extends to meanings of being driven into such a place, making one for oneself, and by extension, hardship, scarcity, and a sunken appearance.

This root appears to be related to the concept of shortness or being stout. It also includes a proper name derived from it.

This root pertains to the concept of widening or expanding, specifically in the context of digging a well. It describes the state of being wide and the action of making something wider.

The root جدر primarily relates to walls and enclosures, extending to concepts of being worthy or deserving. It also encompasses meanings related to illness, specific plants, and actions like reinforcing or marking.

This root primarily concerns the young of wild cattle, specifically the offspring of the wild cow. It also extends to related terms for young animals.

This root primarily concerns the concept of origin, foundation, or base. It extends to the idea of uprooting or eradicating something completely, and also relates to specific physical parts of plants and numerical concepts.

The root جرر (j-r-r) primarily relates to the concept of pulling, dragging, or drawing something along. This extends to physical actions like pulling a rope or a cart, as well as metaphorical senses like incurring guilt or delaying a debt. It also encompasses related ideas such as the sound of dragging, the act of rumination (in animals), and things that are pulled or drawn.

The root جزر (j-z-r) primarily relates to cutting, slaughtering, and the resulting meat or parts. It extends to concepts of landmasses separated by water (islands) and the receding of water.

This root primarily relates to the concept of bridging or crossing over, both physically and metaphorically. It extends to describe something large or substantial, and also the act of daring or boldness.

The root جشر primarily relates to the concept of roughness, harshness, or coarseness, applied to both physical states and abstract qualities. It also encompasses specific terms for morning activities, animal conditions, and even a type of bag.

This root primarily relates to the posterior or anus, and by extension, to excrement or waste. It also extends to terms for certain animals and specific types of dates, possibly through metaphorical or phonetic associations.

This root describes someone or something that is short and stout, or thick and bulky. It can be applied to both males and females, indicating a robust physical build.

This root describes qualities of coarseness, roughness, and stoutness, particularly in reference to a person's physical build and demeanor. It conveys a sense of being unrefined, thickset, and perhaps ill-tempered.

The root J-'-F-R primarily relates to the concept of a small river or stream. It is also used as a proper noun, specifically as the name of a prominent tribal ancestor and the name of his descendants.

The root جفر (j-f-r) primarily relates to concepts of fullness, spaciousness, and abundance, particularly in relation to animals and physical spaces. It also extends to meanings of exhaustion and cessation, especially in the context of sexual activity.

The root جمر (j-m-r) primarily relates to burning embers, coals, and intense heat. It extends to concepts of gathering, unity, and dense clusters, whether of people, fire, or even palm tree sap. It also encompasses actions related to fire and military formations.