Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)

The root حنذ primarily relates to the concept of roasting or grilling meat, often using specific methods involving heat and stones. It also extends to the idea of intense heat, burning, and the process of making horses sweat through heavy coverings, as well as a specific method of preparing wine.

The root حوذ (ḥawḏ) primarily relates to rapid movement, driving, and urging, often with a sense of intensity or speed. It extends to concepts of gathering, enclosing, and controlling, leading to meanings of being swift, efficient, or dominant. It also encompasses terms for specific plants and anatomical parts.

This root appears to be related to the discharge of pus or fluid from a wound. It describes the process of a wound secreting such substances.

The root خنذ primarily relates to concepts of being large, strong, or excessive, often applied to animals, natural features, or negative human traits like foul-mouthedness or evil. It also extends to descriptions of skilled individuals and specific natural phenomena.

The root خوذ primarily relates to the concept of following, accompanying, or going along with something or someone. It also extends to meanings of separation, visiting, and taking turns, often in specific contexts like animal watering or illness.

This root entry primarily discusses a specific type of garment, a 'diabudh', which is a woven fabric. It notes its Persian origin and variations in its Arabicized form.

This root appears to relate to a specific plant and its intoxicating properties. The primary focus is on a plant called 'al-dhadhi', described as having a long cluster and barley-like seeds, used to create an intoxicating beverage.

The root ربذ (RBĐ) primarily denotes lightness and agility, particularly in movement or action. It extends to meanings of swiftness, especially in horses, and can also refer to various objects attached to animals, like ornaments or medicinal applications. Figuratively, it can signify insignificance, worthlessness, or even conflict.

This root primarily concerns light, fine, or scattered precipitation, like drizzle or mist. It extends to describe things that are scattered, flowing, or continuously falling, and can also refer to a type of terrain or a day characterized by such rain.

This root primarily relates to the concept of movement, specifically going and coming. It also appears in place names, with discussions on the etymology and grammatical treatment of these names.

This root pertains to a precious gemstone, specifically emerald. It describes the stone itself and its singular form.

This root appears to be of non-Arabic origin, with its derived terms referring to foreign concepts or groups. The primary usage found relates to a specific group of people, possibly of Persian or Magian origin, associated with a historical military context.

This root appears to describe something swift, fast, or quick, particularly in the context of a fast-moving camel or a person who is quick in their actions. It also includes a proper name.

This root primarily describes a weakening or subsiding of rain, moving from a heavier downpour to a lighter, gentler fall. It can also refer to the rain itself when it reaches this state.

This root primarily relates to mountains and intense, prolonged rain. It also extends to the cessation or abatement of phenomena like rain or fever.

The root شحذ (shaḥadha) primarily relates to the concept of sharpening, making something keen or sharp. This extends metaphorically to intensifying hunger, directing intense gazes, driving or chasing forcefully, and being in a state of anger or being targeted by anger.

This root appears to relate to the concept of inciting or provoking something, particularly in a negative or aggressive manner. It is associated with instigating animals, possibly in a hunting or aggressive context.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being separate, individual, rare, or deviating from the norm or the majority. It extends to notions of scattering, dispersing, and being solitary.

This root primarily relates to sleight of hand, trickery, and deception, often likened to magic. It also extends to meanings of speed and swiftness, particularly in the context of messengers.

This root primarily describes states of sleeplessness, vigilance, and intense focus, often associated with sharp eyesight or a restless nature. It also extends to meanings of driving away, going far, and describes various creatures known for their elusive or persistent nature, such as lizards and scorpions.

This root primarily describes the action of lifting or raising the tail, often associated with animals like camels and scorpions. It also extends to meanings of swiftness, pride, and sometimes refers to specific locations or plants.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of saddle or riding equipment, possibly made of palm fibers. It is a rare term, with its linguistic origin being uncertain.

This root primarily relates to the concept of covering or enveloping, particularly in the context of headwear like turbans. It also extends to the sun being obscured or veiled by clouds or dust, suggesting a similar sense of being covered.

This root primarily describes a person who is boastful, pretentious, and lacking substance, often exaggerating their achievements or capabilities. It also touches upon the idea of being unable to accomplish tasks or being ostentatious without real merit.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of negative speech or behavior, particularly in women. It describes someone who is verbally aggressive, insolent, or foul-mouthed.

This root pertains to the origin or base of something, specifically the chin and the ear. It describes the area surrounding these parts, implying a foundational or encompassing position.

This root primarily relates to seeking refuge, protection, or shelter. It extends to concepts of avoiding or escaping something, and by extension, can describe someone who is difficult to approach or who is ill-mannered.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of flowing, secreting, and swelling, particularly in relation to wounds and bodily fluids. It also extends to the idea of speed and hastening, especially in travel.

This root primarily relates to the throat and the passage of sound. It encompasses the physical location of the throat and the act of vocalization or speaking.

This root appears to relate to a concept of something that is perceived or thought to be true, and it turns out to be correct. It encompasses the idea of conjecture or assumption that aligns with reality.

This root primarily relates to the thigh, a part of the body. It extends metaphorically to denote kinship groups, specifically a subdivision of a tribe, and also carries meanings related to striking or affecting the thigh, and to calling or gathering people by these kinship groups.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being singular, individual, or alone. It extends to terms for unique or exceptional items, animals giving birth to a single offspring, and individuals separating from a group. It also includes specific terms related to games of chance and unique or scattered things.

This root primarily concerns the concept of cutting, dividing, or giving a portion, especially of something valuable like wealth or the liver. It extends to the idea of giving generously and without delay, and metaphorically to the core or essence of something.

This root appears to be related to a specific type of sweet confection, possibly of Persian origin.

This root primarily relates to the fletching of an arrow, its components, and the act of fletching or trimming it. It extends to concepts of trimming, cutting, shaping, and by extension, neatness, adornment, and even swiftness or lightness.

This root primarily concerns the act of gathering or collecting, particularly in the context of food or valuable items. It also describes a specific culinary preparation involving butter and milk.

This root primarily relates to the hedgehog and its characteristics, extending to concepts of being compact, prickly, or difficult to access. It also describes elevated, densely vegetated places and certain geographical features.

This root primarily describes soft, porous, or crumbly stones, often with a whitish hue. It also extends to the concept of a place characterized by such stones.

This root appears to be a variant spelling or pronunciation of the root related to paper.

This root appears to be related to specific proper nouns, primarily place names and a significant religious artifact. The terms derived from it denote a sacred chest and locations in ancient Mesopotamia.

This root appears to relate to unpleasant or harsh characteristics, particularly concerning appearance and disposition. It describes someone with an unappealing face and a rough, stern demeanor.

This root primarily describes specific parts of the thigh, particularly the fleshy areas around the groin and upper thigh. It also refers to a fragrant plant and a type of garment.

This root primarily relates to the act of eating or consuming, often in a specific manner like licking or taking small bites. It also extends to the initial stage of grazing and the act of repeatedly asking for something after receiving it.

This root primarily concerns the concept of pleasure, enjoyment, and delight, particularly related to taste and consumption. It extends to the idea of finding something agreeable, desirable, or pleasant, and can also refer to the state of being pleasant or enjoyable.

This root is a variant spelling of the root لَمَجَ (lamaja), which relates to the act of swallowing or consuming something, particularly food or drink. It encompasses the physical process of taking something into the body.

This root primarily relates to excessive talkativeness, often in a negative or boastful sense. It also encompasses the concept of lying and, in a distinct usage, the particle 'since' or 'for' indicating a duration of time.

This root primarily relates to the action of mashing, mixing, or softening food, particularly bread with liquid. It also extends to the idea of pulling or extracting something, possibly related to the preparation of food or sustenance.