Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)
9,667 root entries translated · page 188 of 194
- صيا8 lemmaslisan_008879
This root primarily deals with things that emerge or protrude, particularly after birth or as protective/weapon-like structures. It extends to concepts of defense, fortification, and even agricultural tools.
الصية — afterbirthالصاءة — afterbirth variantالصآة — afterbirth variantالصيأة — afterbirth variantصيتها — recent birth - ضءي2 lemmaslisan_008880
This root primarily describes a state of physical emaciation or becoming thin. It can also refer to a person who is thin or gaunt.
ضَأَى — to become thinضَئِيل — thin - ضبا10 lemmaslisan_008881
This root primarily relates to the effects of heat and fire, such as scorching, searing, and altering appearance. It also extends to meanings of holding back, preventing, or being prevented from achieving something, and the act of lifting or raising.
ضَبَتهُ الشَّمسُ والنارُ تَضْبُوهُ ضَبْيًا وضَبْوًا — scorched, singed, alteredضَبَحَتْهُ ضَبْحًا — scorched, singedضَبَتْهُ النارُ ضَبْوًا — burned, searedمِضْبَاة — bread baked in embersأَضْبَى الرَّجُلُ عَلَى مَا فِي يَدَيْهِ — held back, refrained - ضجا4 lemmaslisan_008882
This root primarily relates to the concept of staying or residing in a place. It also carries a secondary meaning of making noise or being loud, often in a way that disturbs others.
ضَجَا — to stay, resideضَجِجَ — to make noise, be loudضَجِيج — noise, clamorضَجَّ — to make noise, be loud - ضحا26 lemmaslisan_008883_part_1
The root ضحا (ḍaḥā) primarily relates to the forenoon, the time after sunrise when the sun has risen high. It extends to concepts of exposure to the sun, visibility, and by extension, the midday meal (غداء) which was traditionally taken during this time. It also encompasses the act of sacrificing an animal, particularly on the Day of Sacrifice (يوم الأضحى).
الضُّحُوّ — forenoonالضُّحْوَة — forenoonالضُّحِيَّة — sacrificeالضُّحَىٰ — forenoonالضُّحَاء — midday - ضحا0 lemmaslisan_008883_part_2
- ضخا2 lemmaslisan_008884
This root appears to relate to something being large, immense, or overwhelming. It is used to describe significant events or entities, often with a connotation of power or magnitude.
الضَّاخِيَة — The overwhelming eventضَخَا — To be immense - ضدا4 lemmaslisan_008885
This root primarily relates to the concept of opposition, antagonism, and being contrary. It can also refer to a specific geographical feature, a mountain, and by extension, something that stands out or is prominent.
ضِدّ — Opposite, contraryضِدًّا — Mountainتَضَادّ — Opposition, contradictionضَادَّ — To oppose, to contradict - ضرا16 lemmaslisan_008886
This root primarily concerns the concept of becoming accustomed to something, developing a strong habit, or becoming addicted. It extends to describe things that are seasoned or aged through use, particularly containers for liquids, and also applies to animals that become accustomed to hunting. The root also encompasses terms for specific plants, places, and a type of skin ailment.
ضَرِيَ — to become accustomedضَرَاة — habitضِرَاء — hunting dogsضَارٍ — accustomed to huntingضَرِيّ — accustomed - ضعا9 lemmaslisan_008887
This root primarily relates to plants, specifically a type of shrub or grass found in the desert. It also encompasses concepts of hiding, concealment, and being slow or dull, with some related terms for animal dens or burrows.
الضِّعَة — Desert shrub/grassضَعَوات — Plural of desert shrubضَعْوِيّ — Relating to the plantضَعَا — To hideتَوَلَّجَ — To enter a burrow - ضغا10 lemmaslisan_008888
This root primarily concerns the sounds of animals, particularly dogs, foxes, and cats, often implying distress or pain. It extends to the cries of humans in distress, begging, or even betrayal, and can describe a rich, oily food.
ضَغَا — to cry outضُغُوٌّ — crying outأَضْغَاهُ — to make cry outإِضْغَاءٌ — making cry outضَغَاهُ — to make cry out - ضفا13 lemmaslisan_008889
The root ضفا (ḍafā) primarily denotes abundance, proliferation, and excess, particularly in relation to physical growth like hair or plants, and also signifies spaciousness and prosperity in living conditions. It can also refer to the sides or flanks of something and the overflowing of water.
ضَفَا — to become abundantضَفْوًا — abundanceضُفُوًا — abundanceالضَّفْو — abundanceضَافٍ — abundant - ضقا2 lemmaslisan_008890
This root primarily relates to the concept of poverty and destitution. It describes a state of lacking resources and being in need.
ضَقَا — to become poorضَقَاءٌ — poverty - ضلا0 lemmaslisan_008891
- ضمي4 lemmaslisan_008892
This root appears to be related to the concept of injustice or oppression, possibly as an inversion of a related root. It is also suggested to be related to standing firm or remaining in place.
ضُمِيَ — to be wrongedضامَ — to oppressبَضَى — to stand firmباضَ — to lay eggs - ضنا31 lemmaslisan_008893
This root primarily concerns sickness, prolonged illness, and the suffering associated with it. It also extends to meanings related to having many children or offspring, and in a figurative sense, to enduring hardship or suffering.
الضنى — Prolonged sicknessضني — Sicklyضنيان — Sicklyضنى — To be sickأضناه — To make sick - ضها0 lemmaslisan_008894
- ضوا0 lemmaslisan_008895
- طبي11 lemmaslisan_008896
This root primarily concerns the concepts of diverting, turning away, and attracting or drawing someone or something towards oneself. It also extends to meanings related to physical attributes, such as the teats of animals, and can describe someone foolish or excessive in their actions.
طَبَا عَنْ — to divert fromطَبَا إِلَى — to invite toأَطْبَى — to inviteطَبَا — to inviteطَبَاة — fool - طثا3 lemmaslisan_008897
This root appears to relate to small, insignificant things, possibly with a sense of playfulness or triviality. It is primarily associated with a specific thorny shrub and small wooden objects.
الطَّثِيَّة — Thorny shrubطَثَا — To play with a qallahالطَّثَى — Small wooden sticks - طحا35 lemmaslisan_008898
The root طحا (ṭaḥā) primarily relates to the concept of spreading, extending, and vastness, often applied to the earth's surface. It also extends to meanings of going far, becoming distant, and in some contexts, perishing or being large and imposing.
طَحَا، يَطْحُو — to spread outطَحَا، يَطْحَى — to spread outطَحَاهُ، يَطْحِيهِ — to spread it outطَحْوًا، طَحْوًا — spreadingطَحْيًا — spreading - طخا15 lemmaslisan_008899
This root primarily relates to darkness, obscurity, and dimness, often associated with the night or clouds. It also extends to concepts of covering, veiling, and a dullness or heaviness affecting the heart, as well as terms for thin clouds and even foolishness or unintelligible speech.
طخا — to become darkطخوة — thin cloudطخواء — darkطخية — darknessطخياء — darkness of the night - طدي5 lemmaslisan_008900
This root primarily relates to habit, custom, and constancy. It signifies something that is ingrained, established, or habitually done, often implying a long-standing practice or a persistent state.
طادية — habitual, constantاعتاد — to become accustomed toاعتياد — habit, customطادي — habitual oneالدين — habit, custom, practice - طرا32 lemmaslisan_008901
This root primarily concerns the concepts of arriving from afar, abundance, freshness, and exaggeration in praise. It also touches upon strangeness, newness, and specific types of food and perfume.
طَرَا، يَطْرُو — to arrive from afarطَرًا — abundanceطَرِيٌّ — freshطَرَاوَة — freshnessطَرَاءَة — freshness - طسي4 lemmaslisan_008902
This root describes a state of discomfort or heaviness, often resulting from overeating rich food or drinking too much milk. It can also refer to the physical sensation of fullness and sluggishness that follows.
طَسِيَ — to feel heavyطَسْوًا — heavinessطَسِيَ — to drink milk until curdledطَسْوًا — drinking until curdled - طشا5 lemmaslisan_008903
This root primarily relates to weakness, frailty, and recovery from illness. It also encompasses a folk belief about a supernatural entity associated with children.
تَطَشَّى — recovered, healedطَشَّة — weak, frail personطَشِيَّة — weak, frail person (diminutive)مُطَشَّى — weakened, frailمَطْشُوّ — weakened, frail - طعا3 lemmaslisan_008904
The root طعا (ṭaʿā) primarily relates to concepts of submission, obedience, and yielding. It can also denote a state of being distant or remote.
طَعَا — to be distantطَاعٍ — submissiveالإطْعَاء — obedience - طغي13 lemmaslisan_008905
This root primarily concerns exceeding limits, transgressing, and becoming arrogant or rebellious. It extends to concepts of overflow, excess, and deviation from the right path, often in a negative or destructive sense. It also encompasses terms for idols and oppressive figures.
طَغَى — to transgressطُغْيَان — transgressionطُغْوَى — transgressionطُغْوَى — small young wild cowطَاغٍ — transgressor - طفا11 lemmaslisan_008906
This root primarily concerns the concept of rising to the surface, appearing, or becoming prominent, often in relation to liquids or elevated positions. It extends to meanings of lightness, superficiality, and can be applied to natural phenomena, animals, and even abstract concepts.
طَفَا يطفُو طَفْوًا وطُفُوًّا — to float, rise to the surfaceطَافِيَة — floating, on the surfaceالطَّافِي — name of a horseالطَّفَاوَة — scum, froth, surface impuritiesالطَّفَاوِي — related to the halo - طلي0 lemmaslisan_008907_part_1
- طلي8 lemmaslisan_008907_part_2
This root primarily relates to covering, obscuring, and darkness, often metaphorically. It also extends to specific geographical features and, in a distinct sense, to a wolf or a hunter resembling one.
طَلَى — to coverطَلَى — darknessالمِطْلَاء — narrow depressionالمِطْلَى — narrow depressionالمَطَالِي — soft land - طما17 lemmaslisan_008908
This root primarily describes the rising, overflowing, and elevation of water in bodies like rivers, seas, and wells. It extends metaphorically to the growth and prominence of plants, and figuratively to the elevation of one's status, ambition, or even a woman's perceived standing with her husband. It can also denote rapid movement.
طَمَا — to rise and overflowيَطْمُو — to rise and overflowطُمُوًّا — rising and overflowingطَمِيَ — to rise and overflowيَطْمِي — to rise and overflow - طنا0 lemmaslisan_008909
- طها20 lemmaslisan_008910
This root primarily concerns the act of cooking, preparing, and perfecting food. It extends to the broader concepts of work, action, and skillful execution, and also encompasses meanings related to movement, spreading, and even abstract concepts like sin and darkness.
طها اللحم يطهوه ويطهاه — to cook or roast meatطَهْواً وطُهْواً وطَهْياً وطَهَايةً وطِهْياً — cooking, roastingالطَّهَى — cooked food, stewالطَّاهِي — cook, chefطُهَاةٌ وطُهِيٌّ — cooks, chefs - طوي0 lemmaslisan_008911
- طيا5 lemmaslisan_008912
This root appears to relate to concepts of elevation, covering, and large, solid masses. It describes significant geological features, elevated surfaces, and also collective groupings.
الطَّايَة — Large rockتُودِّيهِ — To provide shadeالتَّايَة — Shade structureطَايَات — Herdsطَاية — Herd (singular) - ظبا23 lemmaslisan_008913
This root primarily relates to sharp edges, particularly of weapons like swords and spears. It also extends to concepts of swiftness, agility, and the gazelle, which embodies these qualities. Additionally, it encompasses terms for containers, specific locations, and even personal names.
الظبة — sharp edge of a weaponظبة — sharp edgeظبات — sharp edgesظبون — sharp edgesظبين — sharp edges - ظرا12 lemmaslisan_008914
This root primarily relates to concepts of intelligence, shrewdness, and keenness, often associated with being clever or astute. It also extends to meanings of physical swelling or distension, particularly due to overeating or richness, and in a more obscure sense, to the act of biting or running.
الظرورى — cleverرجل ظرورى — clever manظري — to be cleverيظرى — he is cleverاظرورى — to be clever and shrewd - ظلا4 lemmaslisan_008915
This root primarily concerns the concept of shade, shadow, and seeking refuge in it. It extends to notions of tranquility, rest, and a state of ease derived from being in the shade.
ظِلّ — shadeظَلَلَ — to shadeتَظَلَّلَ — to seek shadeتَظَلِّي — to be in a state of ease - ظما0 lemmaslisan_008916
- ظنى5 lemmaslisan_008917
This root primarily concerns the concept of thinking, assuming, or suspecting something. It encompasses notions of doubt, conjecture, and the act of believing or considering something to be the case, often without certainty.
ظَنَّ — to thinkظَنّ — thinkingظَنُون — suspicionتَظَنِّي — to suspectتَظَنُّن — suspicion - ظوا8 lemmaslisan_008918
This root primarily relates to plants, specifically a type of herb called 'ẓiyān', and its use in tanning. It also touches upon the Arabic letter 'ẓāʼ' and its phonetic characteristics, as well as a verb meaning 'to act foolishly'.
مظواة — Tannin-producing landمظياة — Tannin-producing landظيان — A type of herbأديم مظوى — Tanned hideالظاء — The letter ẓāʼ - ظيا10 lemmaslisan_008919
This root primarily concerns a type of plant found in Yemen, used for tanning leather. It also extends to descriptions of foolishness, geographical features, and sounds, with some debate about its connection to honey.
الظياة — foolish manالظيان — plantظيانة — single plantمظيا — tannedمظياة — abundant in الظيان - عاعا1 lemmalisan_008920
This root appears to be related to sounds, specifically the howling or crying of a wolf. It is a less common root with limited derived forms.
العاعاء — howling of a wolf - عبا22 lemmaslisan_008921
This root primarily concerns the preparation, arrangement, and equipping of things, especially provisions and armies. It also extends to descriptions of clothing, character traits like being coarse or foolish, and even the light of the sun.
عَبَا — to prepare provisionsعَبَّى — to equip an armyتَعْبِيَة — equipping, preparationتَعْبِئَة — equipping, preparationتَعْبِيء — equipping, preparation - عتا16 lemmaslisan_008922
This root primarily denotes exceeding limits, particularly in terms of arrogance, rebellion, and stubbornness. It also extends to the concept of growing old and becoming infirm, signifying a state of advanced age.
عَتَا يَعْتُو عُتُوًّا وَعُتِيًّا — to be arrogantالعَاتِي — arrogantالعُتَاة — arrogant onesالعَتِيّ — arrogantتَعَتَّتَ — to disobey - عثا25 lemmaslisan_008923
This root primarily describes a state of being dark-colored, hairy, or unkempt, particularly concerning hair. It extends metaphorically to describe overgrown or dried-out vegetation and also signifies corruption, mischief, or severe damage. The concept of being coarse, rough, or foolish is also associated with this root.
العُثَا — dark, hairy colorأعْثَى — hairyعثواء — hairy (female)العُثْوَة — dry, tangled hairعثي شعره — hair became dry and tangled - عجا0 lemmaslisan_008924
- عدا0 lemmaslisan_008925_part_1
- عدا23 lemmaslisan_008925_part_2
The root عدا (ʿadā) primarily relates to the concepts of distance, separation, enmity, and unevenness. It encompasses physical distance, social estrangement, and hostility, as well as uneven or rough terrain and places.
عَدَا — to pass byتَعَادَى — to be distantعَدْوَاء — uneven placeعَدْوَى — distanceعَدْو — enemy