ضرا

Root entry · 16 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns the concept of becoming accustomed to something, developing a strong habit, or becoming addicted. It extends to describe things that are seasoned or aged through use, particularly containers for liquids, and also applies to animals that become accustomed to hunting. The root also encompasses terms for specific plants, places, and a type of skin ailment.

Derived headwords

ضَرِيَverb

1.
to become accustomedboth
To become habitually fond of something, to the point of not being able to do without it.
2.
to become addictedboth
To develop a strong craving or addiction to something, similar to addiction to alcohol.
3.
to become seasonedclassical
Describing a container that has become seasoned with a substance, like wine, improving its effect.
4.
to become familiarclassical
To become familiar with a place or situation through repeated exposure.

وقد ضريت بهذا الأمر أضرى ضراوة — And I became accustomed to this matter, becoming accustomed to it.

ضري الكلب بالصيد إذا تطعم بلحمه ودمه — The dog became accustomed to hunting when it tasted its flesh and blood.

ضري النبيذ يضرى إذا اشتد — Wine becomes strong if it ferments.

ضَرَاةnoun

1.
habitboth
A strong habit, custom, or addiction to something.
2.
addictionboth
A state of being addicted or habitually drawn to something.
3.
familiarityclassical
A state of being familiar or accustomed to something through repeated experience.

إن للإسلام ضراوة أي عادة ولهجا به لا يصبر عنه — Indeed, Islam has a habit, meaning a custom and a fondness for it that one cannot do without.

فإن لها ضراوة كضراوة الخمر — For they have a habit like the habit of wine.

ضِرَاءnoun

1.
hunting dogsclassical
Plural of ضرو (a hunting dog), referring to dogs accustomed to hunting.
2.
level groundclassical
A flat, level area of land, often where wild animals roam.
3.
open spaceclassical
An open, uncultivated area, a wilderness or plain.

إلا الضراء، وإلا صيدها، نشب — Except for the hunting dogs, and except for their prey, they are trapped.

والضراء: أرض مستوية فيها السباع ونبذ من الشجر — And al-ḍirrāʾ: level ground containing wild animals and some trees.

ضَارٍadjective

1.
accustomed to huntingboth
Describing an animal, especially a dog, that has become accustomed to hunting and killing prey.
2.
habitualboth
Having a strong habit or addiction.
3.
seasonedclassical
Describing a container that has become seasoned or aged with a substance, like wine.
4.
flowingclassical
Describing a vein or wound that is actively bleeding or discharging fluid.

وكلب ضار بالصيد — And a dog accustomed to hunting.

والبيت الضاري باللحم من كثرة الاعتياد حتى يبقى فيه ريحه — And a house seasoned with meat from frequent use until its smell remains in it.

والعرق الضاري: السائل — And the flowing vein: the one that is discharging.

ضَرِيّadjective

1.
accustomedclassical
Habituated or accustomed to something.
2.
addictedclassical
Addicted or strongly drawn to something.

والضري: كالضاري — And al-ḍarī: like al-ḍārī (accustomed to hunting).

أَضْرَىverb

1.
to accustomboth
To make something or someone accustomed to something; to train or habituate.
2.
to addictboth
To cause someone to become addicted to something.
3.
to seasonclassical
To make a container seasoned or aged with a substance.

وقد ضراه بذلك الأمر — And that matter made him accustomed to it.

وأضراه صاحبه أي عوده وأغراه به — And its owner made it accustomed, meaning trained it and enticed it to it.

تَضْرِيَةnoun

1.
accustomingboth
The act of making something or someone accustomed to something; training or habituation.
2.
addictionclassical
The process of causing addiction.

وكذلك التضرية — And likewise, the process of accustoming.

ضَرْوnoun

1.
hunting dogclassical
A dog that is accustomed to hunting; a predatory dog.
2.
plantclassical
A fragrant plant used for toothpicks and in perfumes.
3.
skin ailmentclassical
A patch or mark of leprosy or a similar skin disease.

والضرو: الكلب الضاري — And al-ḍarw: the hunting dog.

والضرو والضرو: شجر طيب الريح يستاك ويجعل ورقه في العطر — And al-ḍarw and al-ḍarw: a fragrant tree used for toothpicks and its leaves are put in perfume.

أن أكل مع رجل به ضرو من جذام أي لطخ — That he ate with a man who had a patch of leprosy on him, meaning a mark.

ضَرْوَةnoun

1.
female hunting dogclassical
A female dog that is accustomed to hunting.

ضُرَاةname

1.
place nameclassical
A place name, possibly a well or a location in Najd.

حمى ضرية — Ḥimā Ḍarīyah.

ضَرِيَّةname

1.
place nameclassical
A place name, a well in Najd, or a location named after a woman.

حمى ضرية — Ḥimā Ḍarīyah.

وأن حمى ضرية على عهده ستة أميال — And that Ḥimā Ḍarīyah was six miles in his time.

ضَرُورnoun

1.
leprosy patchclassical
A patch or mark of leprosy or a similar skin disease.

أن أكل مع رجل به ضرو من جذام أي لطخ — That he ate with a man who had a patch of leprosy on him, meaning a mark.

ضَرُورَةnoun

1.
leprosy patchclassical
A patch or mark of leprosy or a similar skin disease.

اِضْرَوْرَىverb

1.
to be bloatedclassical
To have a bloated or distended stomach from overeating.

اضريراء: انتفخ بطنه من الطعام واتخم — Iḍrawrā: his stomach became bloated from food and he was overstuffed.

ضَرَّاءnoun

1.
dense thicketclassical
Dense, intertwined trees or bushes, especially in a valley, providing cover.
2.
hiding placeclassical
A place that provides cover or concealment.
3.
stealthy movementclassical
Moving stealthily or secretly, using cover.

والضراء، بالفتح والمد: الشجر الملتف في الوادي — And al-ḍarrāʾ, with fathah and madd: intertwined trees in the valley.

وفلان يمشي الضراء إذا مشى مستخفيا فيما يواري من الشجر — And so-and-so walks stealthily when he walks hidden in what the trees conceal.

وهو يدب له الضراء إذا كان يختله — And he moves stealthily towards him if he is ambushing him.

اِسْتَضْرَىverb

1.
to stalkclassical
To stalk or ambush prey from a concealed position.
2.
to hideclassical
To hide oneself using cover.

واستضريت للصيد إذا ختلته من حيث لا يعلم — And I stalked the prey when I ambushed it from where it did not know.

Parallel reading

لهج، وقد ضريت بهذا الأمر أضرى ضراوة.

To become fond of, and I became accustomed to this matter, becoming accustomed to it.

إن للإسلام ضراوة أي عادة ولهجا به لا يصبر عنه.

Indeed, Islam has a habit, meaning a custom and a fondness for it that one cannot do without.

إياكم وهذه المجازر فإن لها ضراوة كضراوة الخمر.

Beware of these slaughterhouses, for they have a habit like the habit of wine.

وسقاء ضار باللبن: يعتق فيه ويجود طعمه، وجرة ضارية بالخل والنبيذ.

And a waterskin that seasons milk: it ages in it and its taste improves, and a jar that seasons vinegar and wine.

وقد ضراه بذلك الأمر.

And that matter made him accustomed to it.

قال أبو منصور: الضاري من الآنية الذي ضري بالخمر، فإذا جعل فيه النبيذ صار مسكرا، وأصله من الضراوة وهي الدربة والعادة.

Abu Mansur said: Al-ḍārī is from the vessels that have been seasoned with wine; if wine is put in it, it becomes intoxicating, and its origin is from al-ḍarāwah, which is practice and habit.

أنه نهى عن الشرب في الإناء الضاري ؛ هو الذي ضري بالخمر وعود بها، فإذا جعل فيه العصير صار مسكرا، وقيل فيه معنى غير ذلك.

That he forbade drinking from the seasoned vessel; it is one that has been seasoned with wine and accustomed to it, so if juice is put in it, it becomes intoxicating, and another meaning was said for it.

يقال: ضري الشيء بالشيء إذا اعتاده فلا يكاد يصبر عنه.

It is said: Something becomes accustomed to something if it gets used to it and can hardly do without it.

وضري الكلب بالصيد إذا تطعم بلحمه ودمه.

And the dog became accustomed to hunting when it tasted its flesh and blood.

والبيت الضاري باللحم من كثرة الاعتياد حتى يبقى فيه ريحه.

And the house seasoned with meat from frequent use until its smell remains in it.

أي أن له عادة ينزع إليها كعادة الخمر وأراد أن له عادة طلابة لأكله كعادة الخمر مع شاربها، ذلك أن من اعتاد الخمر وشربها أسرف في النفقة حرصا عليها، وكذلك من اعتاد اللحم وأكله لم يكد يصبر عنه فدخل في باب المسرف في نفقته، وقد نهى الله عز وجل عن الإسراف.

Meaning it has a habit it inclines towards like the habit of wine, and he meant that it has a habit of seeking its consumption like the habit of wine with its drinker, because whoever becomes accustomed to wine and drinks it is extravagant in spending out of eagerness for it, and likewise whoever becomes accustomed to meat and eating it can hardly do without it, thus falling into the category of the extravagant in spending, and God Almighty has forbidden extravagance.

وكلب ضار بالصيد، وقد ضري ضرا وضراء وضراء؛ الأخيرة عن أبي زيد، إذا اعتاد الصيد.

And a dog accustomed to hunting, and it became accustomed to hunting, becoming accustomed, and becoming accustomed; the last is from Abu Zayd, if it became accustomed to hunting.

من اقتنى كلبا إلا كلب ماشية أو ضار أي كلبا معودا بالصيد.

Whoever keeps a dog except a dog for livestock or a hunting dog, meaning a dog trained for hunting.

ويقال: ضري الكلب وأضراه صاحبه أي عوده وأغراه به، ويجمع على ضوار.

And it is said: The dog became accustomed, and its owner made it accustomed, meaning trained it and enticed it to it, and it is pluralized as ḍawār.

والمواشي الضارية: المعتادة لرعي زروع الناس.

And the accustomed livestock: those accustomed to grazing on people's crops.

إن قيسا ضراء الله ؛ هو بالكسر جمع ضرو، وهو من السباع ما ضري بالصيد ولهج بالفرائس؛ المعنى أنهم شجعان تشبيها بالسباع الضارية في شجاعتها.

Indeed, Qays are the hunting beasts of God; it is with kasrah the plural of ḍarw, and it is from the predators that are accustomed to hunting and fond of prey; the meaning is that they are brave, likened to predatory beasts in their bravery.

والضرو من الجذام: اللطخ منه.

And al-ḍarw from leprosy: a patch of it.

أن أكل مع رجل به ضرو من جذام أي لطخ، وهو من الضراوة كأن الداء ضري به؛ حكاه الهروي في الغريبين؛ قال ابن الأثير: روي بالكسر والفتح، فالكسر يريد أنه داء قد ضري به لا يفارقه، والفتح من ضرا الجرح يضرو ضروا إذا لم ينقطع سيلانه أي به قرحة ذات ضرو.

That he ate with a man who had a patch of leprosy on him, meaning a mark, and it is from habituation as if the disease has become accustomed to him; al-Harawi narrated it in al-Gharibayn; Ibn al-Athir said: It is narrated with kasrah and fathah. The kasrah means it is a disease that has become accustomed to him and does not leave him, and the fathah is from a wound that bleeds, it bleeds, if its flow does not stop, meaning it has a sore with discharge.

والضرو والضرو: شجر طيب الريح يستاك ويجعل ورقه في العطر؛ قال النابغة الجعدي: تستن بالضرو من براقش، أو ... هيلان، أو ناضر من العتم

And al-ḍarw and al-ḍarw: a fragrant tree used for toothpicks and its leaves are put in perfume; al-Nabighah al-Ja'di said: They clean their teeth with al-ḍarw from Burāqish, or ... Haylān, or fresh 'atam.

والضرو: المحلب، ويقال: حبة الخضراء؛ وأنشد: هنيئا لعود الضرو شهد يناله ... على خضرات، ماؤهن رفيف

And al-ḍarw: the milk pail. And it is said: the green seed; and he recited: Congratulations to the stick of al-ḍarw, honey it obtains... on green things, whose water is shimmering.

وأكثر منابت الضرو باليمن، وقيل: الضرو البطم نفسه.

And most of the habitats of al-ḍarw are in Yemen, and it was said: al-ḍarw is the mastic tree itself.

والضرو والبطم الحبة الخضراء؛ قال جارية بن بدر: وكأن ماء الضرو في أنيابها، ... والزنجبيل على سلاف سلسل

And al-ḍarw and al-baṭm are the green seed; Jariyah ibn Badr said: And the water of al-ḍarw is like in her teeth, ... and ginger on a smooth, flowing drink.

والضرو، بالكسر، صمغ شجرة تدعى الكمكام تجلب من اليمن.

And al-ḍarw, with kasrah, is the gum of a tree called al-Kammakam, brought from Yemen.

اضريراء: انتفخ بطنه من الطعام واتخم.

Iḍrawrā: his stomach became bloated from food and he was overstuffed.

والضراء: أرض مستوية فيها السباع ونبذ من الشجر.

And al-ḍirrāʾ: level ground containing wild animals and some trees.

والضراء: البراز والفضاء، ويقال: أرض مستوية فيها شجر فإذا كانت في هبطة فهي غيضة.

And al-ḍirrāʾ: the open space and the wilderness, and it is said: level ground with trees; if it is in a depression, it is a thicket.

ونزلنا ب ضراء من الأرض من الأرض أي بأرض مستوية.

And we camped in a level area of land, meaning in a level area.

مشوا في الضراء ؛ والضراء، بالفتح والمد: الشجر الملتف في الوادي.

They walked in the dense thicket; and al-ḍarrāʾ, with fathah and madd: intertwined trees in the valley.

يقال: توارى الصيد منه في ضراء.

It is said: The prey hid in it from the dense thicket.

وفلان يمشي الضراء إذا مشى مستخفيا فيما يواري من الشجر.

And so-and-so walks stealthily when he walks hidden in what the trees conceal.

واستضريت للصيد إذا ختلته من حيث لا يعلم.

And I stalked the prey when I ambushed it from where it did not know.

والضراء: ما واراك من الشجر وغيره، وهو أيضا المشي فيما يواريك عمن تكيده وتختله.

And al-ḍarrāʾ: what conceals you of trees and other things, and it is also walking in what conceals you from whom you plot against and ambush.

يقال: فلان لا يدب له الضراء؛ قال بشر بن أبي خازم: عطفنا لهم عطف الضروس من الملا ... بشهباء، لا يمشي الضراء رقيبها

It is said: So-and-so does not move stealthily towards him; Bishr ibn Abi Khazim said: We turned towards them with the turn of the old woman from the high ground... with a grey one, no watcher walks stealthily.

ويقال للرجل إذا ختل صاحبه ومكر به: هو يدب له الضراء ويمشي له الخمر؛ ويقال: لا أمشي له الضراء ولا الخمر أي أجاهره ولا أخاتله.

And it is said of a man if he ambushes his companion and plots against him: he moves stealthily towards him and walks with cunning; and it is said: I will not move stealthily towards him nor with cunning, meaning I will confront him openly and not ambush him.

والضراء: الاستخفاء.

And al-ḍarrāʾ: stealth.

ويقال: ما واراك من أرض فهو الضراء، وما واراك من شجر فهو الخمر.

And it is said: What conceals you of land is al-ḍarrāʾ, and what conceals you of trees is al-khamr.

وهو يدب له الضراء إذا كان يختله.

And he moves stealthily towards him if he is ambushing him.

وما واراك من شيء وادارأت به فهو خمر، الوهدة خمر والأكمة خمر والجبل خمر والشجر خمر.

And what conceals you of anything and you use it for concealment is khamr; a hollow is khamr, a mound is khamr, a mountain is khamr, and a tree is khamr.

مكان خمر إذا كان يغطي كل شيء ويواريه.

A place of concealment if it covers everything and hides it.

يمشون الخفاء ويدبون الضراء ، هو، بالفتح وتخفيف الراء والمد: الشجر الملتف يريد به المكر والخديعة.

They walk in secret and move stealthily; it, with fathah and lightened ra' and madd: intertwined trees, meaning cunning and deception.

والعرق الضاري: السائل؛ قال الأخطل يصف خمرا بزلت: لما أتوها بمصباح ومبزلهم، ... سارت إليهم سؤور الأبجل الضاري

And the flowing vein: the one that is discharging; al-Akhtal said, describing a wine that was poured: When they brought it to them with a lamp and their auger, ... the dregs of the flowing abjal flowed to them.

كما ضرج الضاري النزيف المكلما

As the flowing one stained the bleeding wounded one.

وكلاهما صحيح جيد، وقد ضرا العرق.

And both are correct and good, and the vein has flowed.

لها، إذا ما هدرت، أتي ... مما ضرا العرق به الضري

It has, when it bellows, a flow... from what the vein has flowed with, the flowing one.

وعرق ضري: لا يكاد ينقطع دمه.

And a flowing vein: its blood hardly stops.

قال ابن الأعرابي: ضرى يضري إذا سال وجرى، قال: ونهى علي، رضي الله عنه، عن الشرب في الإناء الضاري ، قال: معناه السائل لأنه ينغص الشرب إلى شاربه.

Ibn al-A'rabi said: ḍarā yudrī if it flows and runs, he said: And Ali, may God be pleased with him, forbade drinking from the seasoned vessel, he said: Its meaning is the flowing one because it spoils the drink for its drinker.

وفي حديث عثمان: كان الحمى حمى ضرية على عهده ستة أميال ، وضرية: امرأة سمي الموضع بها، وهو بأرض نجد.

And in the hadith of Uthman: The fever was Ḥimā Ḍarīyah in his time, six miles, and Ḍarīyah: a woman after whom the place was named, and it is in the land of Najd.

فأسقاني ضرية خير بئر ... تمج الماء والحب التؤاما

So Ḍarīyah gave me to drink, the best well... spewing water and grain together.

ألا يا عقاب الوكر، وكر ضرية، ... سقيت الغوادي من عقاب ومن وكر

O eagle of the nest, nest of Ḍarīyah, ... may the morning rains water you from eagles and from nests.