Taj al-Arus (Zabidi, d. 1205H)

This root primarily concerns the concept of decrease, reduction, or scarcity, particularly related to water levels, but also extending to abstract concepts like milk, prices, and even human populations. It can also denote the act of causing something to decrease or disappear.

This root appears to describe the act of crushing or smashing, particularly soft or moist objects. It is noted as a dialectal term, primarily used in Yemeni Arabic.

The root 'فرض' (f-r-ḍ) primarily relates to setting limits, obligations, and fixed portions. It encompasses concepts of time-setting, decreeing, imposing duties, making cuts or notches, and designating specific shares or amounts. This extends to religious obligations, legal rulings, and even physical markings.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of breaking, scattering, and separating. It extends to meanings of fragmentation, dispersal, and also the breaking of seals. Figuratively, it can refer to the scattering of people, the loss of teeth, or the abundance of something.

The root فوض (fawḍ) primarily relates to entrusting, delegating, or handing over authority or matters to someone else. It also extends to concepts of disorder, disarray, equality, and sharing or partnership, particularly in business contexts.

This root appears to be related to the concept of breaking or crushing something. It is noted as a rare or obscure root, with its primary meaning being to break and shatter.

This root primarily deals with the concept of flowing, spreading, and overflowing, often in the context of liquids like water or sweat. It can also extend metaphorically to emotions like anger and to the act of speaking fluently.

The root ق ب ض (q-b-ḍ) primarily relates to the physical act of grasping, taking, or holding something with the hand. It extends to concepts of possession, control, constriction, and even death, as well as speed and swiftness in movement.

This root primarily concerns the concept of grasping, seizing, contracting, or withholding. It extends to spiritual states of spiritual contraction or withdrawal, both positive (concentration on God) and negative (distraction from God). It also touches upon the idea of divine decree or fate.

This root appears to relate to shortness or being compact, particularly when describing women. It is noted as being omitted by some lexicographers but defined by others.

The root ق ر ض (q-r-ḍ) fundamentally signifies 'to cut'. This core meaning extends to various applications, including cutting through fabric, making loans, traversing land, composing poetry, and reciprocating actions. It also encompasses concepts of death and judgment.

This root primarily concerns the act of cutting, chewing, or biting, often with a sense of selection or discernment. It extends to concepts of discerning quality, financial dealings, and even slander.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of breaking, shattering, crushing, and scattering. It also extends to meanings related to the hardness or roughness of objects, the completion of work, and specific sounds or states of being.

This root primarily deals with the concept of bending, curving, or flexing something, often referring to inanimate objects like wood or structures. It can also extend to describe a state of being bent or constricted, and in a less common usage, a disease affecting sheep.

This root appears to relate to concepts of constriction, smallness, or unpleasantness, particularly in describing people or creatures. It also has a specific, possibly obscure, meaning related to snakes.

This root primarily concerns the semantic field of dismantling, demolishing, and collapsing structures or arrangements. It extends to concepts of breaking apart, dispersing, and also to the idea of coming and going without settling.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of breaking, cracking, and separating, often applied to eggs, shells, or structures. It also extends to ideas of exchange, substitution, and divine provision or arrangement.

This root primarily concerns concepts related to the rejection or expulsion of fluid or matter, particularly in the context of animal reproduction. It also extends to meanings of rejection in other contexts, like food, and physical actions of gathering or pressing.

This root appears to relate to the concept of rapid or swift movement, specifically in walking. It is noted as being obscure and potentially related to another root with a similar meaning.

This root primarily relates to being skilled, particularly in guidance and navigation. It also encompasses the act of looking around attentively and the concept of a vast, expansive place.

This root appears to relate to the act of biting or taking something with the mouth, specifically in a Yamanite dialect. It also denotes a type of wild animal, the jackal, with variations in its name.

This root appears to be related to striking or hitting with a closed fist. It is noted as being omitted by some lexicographers and defined by others.

This root primarily concerns the concept of purity and unadulterated essence, particularly in relation to milk. It describes something that is pure, unmixed, and genuine, often used metaphorically for sincerity and unadulterated truth.

This root primarily concerns the concept of 'purity' or 'wholeness', often applied to milk, lineage, or sincerity. It extends to meanings of being fat, rich in milk, or having a pure and unadulterated nature. Derived terms also describe actions related to drinking or giving pure milk, and the act of being sincere or truthful.

The root م خ ض (m-kh-d) primarily relates to the churning or vigorous agitation of liquids, especially milk to extract butter. It extends metaphorically to intense movement, shaking, and the process of pregnancy and labor, particularly in animals.

This root primarily concerns feelings of anger, distress, and pain, often stemming from something difficult or unpleasant. It can also refer to causing someone to feel this way, or to specific physical or social conditions.

This root appears to relate to the concept of speaking or uttering, specifically in a way that is either nonsensical, boastful, or perhaps a form of eloquent speech. It is noted as being neglected by major lexicographers.

This root primarily describes the process of skin peeling or flaking off due to disease, resembling scales. It also extends to the idea of something shedding its outer layer, like a type of truffle or a date palm spathe, and metaphorically to a creature moving through water.

This root primarily discusses a thorny tree found in the Hijaz region, known for its use in tooth cleaning and tanning. It also touches upon a less certain meaning related to obtaining or achieving something.

The root ن غ ض (n-gh-ḍ) primarily relates to movement, specifically shaking, trembling, and swaying. It extends to concepts of abundance and density, particularly in clouds, and also describes specific physical attributes and actions related to animals and people.

This root primarily relates to the concept of something not being ripe or mature. It also touches upon the idea of something being brought to maturity or ripeness, often through a process or by someone's action.

This root primarily relates to the throbbing or pulsation of a vein. It describes the movement and vibration associated with blood flow.

This root primarily deals with the expulsion of waste, particularly feces, in a loose or rapid manner. It also extends to the laying of eggs by a hen and, metaphorically, to the intention or resolve for fasting.

This root appears to be related to hardship, necessity, and being compelled. It is noted as being obscure and possibly related to another root signifying difficulty.

This root appears to relate to the act of pushing or thrusting something into a container. It is a rare root with limited attestation, primarily found in classical lexicographical works.

This root primarily concerns the concept of speed, haste, and rapid movement. It extends to meanings of scattering, dispersing, and also includes specific objects like bags or containers, and even physical features.

This root primarily concerns the concept of flashing, gleaming, or shining, particularly a brief, intermittent light. It is most commonly associated with lightning but extends metaphorically to subtle glances, faint lights, and even faint smiles.