Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)
9,667 root entries translated · page 171 of 194
- رزن22 lemmaslisan_008095
The root رزن primarily relates to the concept of weight, heaviness, and substance. This extends metaphorically to qualities like seriousness, dignity, and steadfastness. It also encompasses geographical features like elevated land that retains water, and architectural elements like small openings.
رزَنَ — to be heavyرَزِين — heavyرَزَانَة — heavinessرُزُون — remnants of a floodرَزَن — elevated land with water - رسن12 lemmaslisan_008096
This root primarily concerns ropes, reins, and restraints, particularly those used for leading animals. It extends to the act of restraining or leading, and metaphorically to control or freedom. It also includes terms for the nose or muzzle area where reins are attached, and a plant.
رَسَنٌ — ropeأَرْسَانٌ — reinsأَرْسُنٌ — reinsرَسَنَ — to tieأَرْسَنَ — to put reins on - رسطن1 lemmalisan_008097
This root entry discusses a specific foreign loanword for a beverage. It is identified as a drink made from wine and honey, particularly associated with the people of the Levant and the Romans. The entry emphasizes its non-Arabic origin.
الرَّسَاطُون — A specific beverage - رشن9 lemmaslisan_008098
This root primarily concerns the act of entering or intruding, particularly into a gathering or a place to eat, often without invitation. It also extends to the physical act of a dog dipping its head into a container and to architectural features like shelves or openings.
الرَّشْن — water inletالرَّاشِن — intruder at a feastرَشَنَ — to intrudeيَرْشُنُ — intrudesرُشُونًا — intruding - رصن9 lemmaslisan_008099
This root primarily concerns the concepts of firmness, stability, completeness, and perfection. It extends to meanings of being well-established, accomplished, and even to the idea of being thorough or meticulous. Figuratively, it can imply being dependable or concerned.
رَصُنَ — to be firmرَصَانَة — firmnessرَصِين — firmأَرْصَنَ — to make firmرَصَنَ — to complete - رضن5 lemmaslisan_008100
This root pertains to the arrangement and piling of stones or similar objects. It describes the act of stacking, consolidating, and building with such materials, often for purposes like marking graves or construction.
رَضَنَ — to pile up stonesرَضْن — piled stonesمَرْضُوض — piled stonesمَرْضُوضٌ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ — piled stonesمَرْضُوضٌ — piled stones - رطن0 lemmaslisan_008101
- رعن20 lemmaslisan_008102
This root primarily relates to concepts of foolishness, recklessness, and lack of restraint. It also extends to physical descriptions like a prominent nose or a large mountain, and metaphorically to large or disordered armies. Additionally, it denotes a state of relaxation or slackness, particularly in the context of tying or binding.
الأرعن — reckless, foolishالرعونة — foolishness, stupidityرجل أرعن — foolish manامرأة رعناء — foolish womanالرعن — slackness, looseness - رعثن1 lemmalisan_008103
This root appears to relate to a specific type of container or vessel, particularly one made from palm fronds for drinking.
الرَّعْثَنَة — Drinking vessel from palm frond - رغن10 lemmaslisan_008104
This root primarily concerns the act of listening attentively, accepting, and inclining towards something or someone, often with a sense of willingness or satisfaction. It also extends to meanings of yielding, being obedient, and in some contexts, signifies a day of ease and pleasure.
رَغَنَ — to incline and acceptأَرْغَنَ — to incline and acceptإِرْغَان — attentive listening and acceptanceمُرْغِنَات — obedient (female dogs)رَغْنَة — easy, pleasant - رفن8 lemmaslisan_008105
This root primarily relates to the concept of having a long or trailing tail, particularly in animals like horses and camels. It also extends to meanings of pulsing, swaggering, and settling down or becoming calm after agitation.
رَفَن — long-tailedرَفَن — pulsingرَفَلَ — to swaggerرَفَنَ — to have a long tailالرافِنَة — swaggerer - رفغن3 lemmaslisan_008106
This root appears to relate to abundance, prosperity, and a comfortable, expansive life. It signifies a state of ease and plenty, often associated with wealth and a good living.
البلهنية — Prosperityالرفهنية — Prosperityالرفغنية — Prosperity - رفهن5 lemmaslisan_008107
This root primarily relates to concepts of abundance, ease, and prosperity in living. It describes a state of ample provision and comfortable circumstances, often associated with a luxurious or affluent lifestyle.
البلهنية — Abundance and ease of livingالرفهنية — Abundance and ease of livingرفغنية — Abundance and ease of livingرفهنية — Abundance and ease of livingرفاغية — Abundance and ease of living - رقن24 lemmaslisan_008108
This root primarily concerns the act of dyeing, particularly with henna and saffron, and by extension, adorning or decorating. It also extends to writing, specifically the marking, dotting, and embellishing of text, and metaphorically, to the appearance of something well-adorned.
الرَّقَان — Hennaالرَّقُون — Hennaالإِرْقَان — Hennaتَرَقَّنَ — To dye oneselfالمُتَرَقِّن — Dyed - ركن0 lemmaslisan_008109
- رمن7 lemmaslisan_008110
This root primarily relates to the pomegranate fruit and tree. It also extends to a place name and a region, with discussions on the etymology and grammatical treatment of the word 'pomegranate'.
الرمان — Pomegranateرمانة — Pomegranate (singular)رميمينة — Small pomegranateمرمنة — Pomegranate plantationرمان — Rumman (place name) - رمعن3 lemmaslisan_008111
This root appears to describe the act of flowing or streaming, particularly in reference to tears. It suggests a rapid or continuous movement of liquid.
ارمعن — to flow, streamمرمعل — flowing, streamingمرمعن — flowing, streaming - رنن27 lemmaslisan_008112
This root primarily concerns sounds, particularly those that are loud, sustained, or mournful. It encompasses cries, wails, singing, the sounds of animals, natural phenomena like thunder and flowing water, and even the twang of a bowstring. It can also extend to emotional states associated with these sounds, such as grief or joy, and metaphorically to intense or overwhelming experiences.
الرنة — mournful cryذو رنة — having a soundالرنين — wailing soundالإرنان — loud cryingترن — to cry out - رهن0 lemmaslisan_008113
- رهدن6 lemmaslisan_008114
The root 'rhdn' primarily relates to slowness, hesitation, and foolishness. It also describes certain types of birds, often characterized by their size or appearance relative to other birds.
الرَّهْدَن — cowardly manالرَّهْدَنَة — slowness, delayالرَّهْدُون — liarالرَّهَادِن — birds in Meccaرَهْدَنَ — to be slow, to delay - رون12 lemmaslisan_008115
This root primarily denotes intensity, severity, and extremity, often applied to hardship, heat, cold, or emotional distress. It can also refer to loudness, clamor, and the furthest extent of something.
الرون — Severity, intensityروون — Severities, intensitiesالرونة — Severity, intensityرونة الشيء — Its intensity and greatnessرون — To be severe, to intensify - رين0 lemmaslisan_008116
- زءن15 lemmaslisan_008117
This root primarily concerns a type of grain or seed, often considered undesirable or even intoxicating. It extends to describe something of poor quality or mixed with impurities, and metaphorically to a short or stunted creature.
الزُّؤَان — tares, darnelزُؤَانَة — a single grain of darnelزَئِنَ — to be mixed with darnelزُؤَان — darnel (variant)زَوَان — darnel (variant) - زبن0 lemmaslisan_008118
- زتن2 lemmaslisan_008119
This root primarily concerns the olive tree and its fruit, the olive. It also relates to the oil derived from olives and the concept of abundance of olives.
الزَّيْتُون — Olive treeزَيْت — Olive oil - زحن10 lemmaslisan_008120
The root زحن (z-ḥ-n) primarily relates to movement, often with a connotation of slowness, reluctance, or being held back. It encompasses concepts of shifting position, delaying, and being occupied by slow-moving affairs. It can also describe a physical characteristic of being short and stout.
زَحَنَ — to moveزُحِنَ — to be movedأَزَالَ — to removeزَحْن — movementزَحْن — short and stout - زخن2 lemmaslisan_008121
This root describes a change in facial expression, specifically due to sadness or illness. It conveys a sense of pallor or a drawn appearance.
زَخَنَ — to change facial colorزُخْنَة — change of facial color - زربن2 lemmaslisan_008122
This root appears to relate to the concept of a drain or outlet, specifically for liquids. It is used to describe a channel or pipe through which something flows out.
زَرَبِين — drainpipeمِبْزَل — drain, outlet - زرجن4 lemmaslisan_008123
This root primarily relates to the color gold and things associated with it, particularly grapes and wine. It encompasses terms for clear water, vineyards, grapevines, and wine itself, often with a Persian origin.
الزَّرْجُون — clear waterزَرْجُون — grapevineزَرْجُونَة — grapevine plantالمَزْرَج — one who drank wine - زردن3 lemmaslisan_008124
This root appears to relate to specific anatomical terms within the body, particularly concerning internal flesh or muscle structures. It seems to be a specialized term found in classical veterinary or anatomical texts.
الزَّرْدَان — internal fleshالكِينَة — inner flesh of the zardanالزَّرْبَنَة — flesh behind the zardan - زرفن4 lemmaslisan_008125
This root appears to relate to concepts of groups of people, parts of a door, and possibly a type of garment or armor. The derived terms are quite specific and some are noted as being of Persian origin or newly coined.
الزَّرْفِين — group of peopleزَرْفِين — door ringزَرْفَنَ — to be newly coinedزَرَافِين — parts of a garment - زرمن1 lemmalisan_008126
This root appears to relate to a specific, possibly archaic, term for the throat or gullet, as mentioned in classical lexicographical works.
الزَّرَامِين — throats - زعن7 lemmaslisan_008127
This root primarily relates to inclination, leaning towards, or being drawn to something. It can also imply yielding or submission, though this is debated in the text.
يَزْعَنُونَ — they inclineزَعَنَ — to incline toإِلَى — toيَرْكَنُونَ — they leanرَكَنَ — to lean on - زفن25 lemmaslisan_008128
The root Z-F-N primarily relates to movement, specifically dancing and playing. It extends to concepts of pushing, light and agile movement, and also encompasses specific architectural and agricultural terms, as well as descriptive adjectives for people and animals.
زَفَنَ — to danceزَفْن — dancingزَفَنَ — to dance (for someone)زَفْن — dancing (for someone)زَفَنَ — to move lightly and quickly - زقن11 lemmaslisan_008129
This root primarily concerns the concept of carrying or bearing a load. It extends to the idea of assisting someone in carrying or bearing something, implying support and enablement.
زَقِنَ — to carryزَقْنًا — carryingأَزْقَنَ — to help carryأَبْطَغَ — to help carryأَبْدَغَ — to help carry - زكن15 lemmaslisan_008130
This root primarily concerns the concept of knowing, understanding, or suspecting something. It encompasses certainty, strong conjecture, and even the act of informing or making someone understand. The nuances range from direct knowledge to a strong, accurate guess.
زَكِنَ — to knowأَزْكَنَ — to informزُكْن — knowledgeزَكْن — knowledgeزِكْن — knowledge - زمن22 lemmaslisan_008131
This root primarily concerns the concept of time, duration, and periods. It encompasses various terms for time, from short to long durations, and also extends to meanings related to affliction, illness, and enduring hardship.
الزمن والزمان — timeأزمن — to take a long timeزمن — long durationأزمنة — timesأزمان — times - زمخن2 lemmaslisan_008132
This root pertains to negative character traits, specifically focusing on bad temper and unpleasant disposition. It describes someone who is ill-mannered and difficult to deal with.
الزَّمَخِنُ — ill-temperedالزَّمَخْنَةُ — bad temper - زنن20 lemmaslisan_008133
This root primarily concerns the concept of suspicion, accusation, and doubt. It extends to meanings related to scarcity, constriction, and physical states like stiffness or holding back bodily functions.
زِنَ بالخير — to suspect of goodأَزِنَّهُ به — to suspect him of itأَزْنَنْتُهُ بشيء — to accuse him of somethingزَنَنْتُهُ — to suspect himيَزِنُ بكذا — he is suspected of - زهدن1 lemmalisan_008134
This root appears to relate to a concept of meanness or baseness, possibly linked to a lack of generosity or nobility. It describes a person characterized by such negative traits.
زَهْدَنٌ — mean, base - زون11 lemmaslisan_008135
This root primarily deals with concepts of undesirable elements, particularly in grain, and also extends to physical characteristics like shortness and arrogance. It also encompasses terms for idols and places of worship.
الزَّوَان — worthless grainزَوَانَة — a grain of worthless matterمَزْوَن — containing worthless grainتَزُونُونَا — you make us appear shortزُونَة — shortness - زين41 lemmaslisan_008136
The root زين (zayn) primarily relates to beauty, adornment, and making something attractive or pleasing. It encompasses concepts of decoration, embellishment, and the act of beautifying oneself or something else. It can also extend to the idea of something being good or excellent, contrasting with ugliness or defect.
الزِّين — Beauty, adornmentأَزْيَان — Beauties, adornmentsزَانَ — To adorn, to beautifyأَزَانَ — To adorn, to beautifyأَزَيَّنَ — To adorn, to beautify - سبن0 lemmaslisan_008137
- ستن4 lemmaslisan_008138
This root primarily concerns trees and plants, specifically their origins, growth, and appearance. It also extends to concepts of entering a year or season, and hidden or nascent qualities.
الأُسْتُن — tree originsأُسْتُنَة — tree rootأَسَنَّ — to enter a yearأَسَنَّ — to become old - سجن22 lemmaslisan_008139
The root سجن (s-j-n) primarily denotes confinement, imprisonment, and detention. It extends to concepts of being held back, restricted, or intensely bound, including abstract notions like a place of punishment or a severe state.
السِّجْن — prisonالسَّجْن — imprisonmentسَجَنَ — to imprisonسَجْنًا — imprisonmentالسِّجْن — prison - سحن15 lemmaslisan_008140
This root primarily concerns the appearance, complexion, and general state or condition of a person or thing. It extends to actions related to refining, polishing, or breaking materials, and also to social interaction and negotiation.
السُّحْنَة — complexionالسُّحْنَاء — complexionالسَّحْنَاء — complexionسَحَنَ — to grindسُحِنَ — to be ground - سحتن2 lemmaslisan_008141
This root appears to relate to concepts of roughness, thickness, and a violent or forceful action, possibly related to cutting or slaughtering.
السحتنة — Thick knotسحتنه — To slaughter - سخن0 lemmaslisan_008142
- سدن15 lemmaslisan_008143
This root primarily concerns the service and guardianship of sacred places, particularly the Kaaba. It extends to the act of covering or veiling, and metaphorically to the act of withholding or blocking access. It also has a less common meaning related to fat or covering for a litter.
السادن — Servant of the Kaabaالسدنة — Servants of the Kaabaسدن — To serve (Kaaba)سدناً — Service (Kaaba)سدانة — Guardianship (Kaaba) - سرءن2 lemmaslisan_008144
This root appears to be related to the name Israel and its purported meaning. It is associated with the patriarch Jacob and a claim about the name's origin.
إِسْرَائِيْل — Israelإِسْرَاءِيْن — Israel