Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)

This root appears to describe a specific action of a man, possibly related to a child or a young animal, in relation to a group of people. The primary meaning seems to be about a young creature or person being brought forth or presented to a group.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a cold or nasal congestion. It describes the condition of having a cold and the associated symptoms, potentially including coughing.

This root primarily concerns the act of vomiting, with related meanings of expulsion and forceful ejection. It also extends to describe speech impediments, a specific type of sound, and certain objects like pearls and shells.

This root appears to relate to the concept of striking or crushing something, particularly the head, with great force. It also extends to describe something that has been crushed or smashed, like unripe fruit.

This root primarily relates to spreading out or moving freely in the land, often in the context of obedience. It also denotes a specific type of large, evergreen tree with distinctive foliage and no fruit, and related terms for casting or a jinxed person.

This root primarily describes the act of flowing or spreading, particularly for liquids like water. It can also refer to the general movement or spreading of something.

This root entry primarily discusses a small toy dart used by children and related terms for shortness. It also includes a discussion of quadriliteral roots and a rare, possibly obscure, word.

The root 'جدع' primarily denotes cutting off parts of the body, especially the nose or ear. It extends to meanings of severe hardship, destruction, and even metaphorical cutting or opposition.

The root جذع primarily relates to the concept of youth, immaturity, and the early stages of development in animals and abstract concepts. It also extends to meanings of being new, fresh, or recently initiated, and in some contexts, to confinement or holding back.

This root primarily concerns the act of swallowing, particularly with difficulty or in stages. It extends to metaphorical uses related to suppressing emotions like anger, and also describes certain types of rough or sandy terrain, as well as imperfections in ropes and strings.

This root primarily describes something large, broad, or voluminous, particularly in reference to the chest, sides, or large valleys. It can also denote something that is advanced or leading.

The root جزع (j-z-ʿ) primarily relates to the concepts of cutting, dividing, and traversing. It extends to meanings of impatience, fear, and distress when faced with hardship, contrasting with patience. It also encompasses terms for specific geographical features like valleys and plains, as well as descriptions of ripeness in fruits and the appearance of meat.

This root primarily concerns intense desire, greed, and covetousness, often extending to a strong emotional reaction like distress or fear when separated from something or someone desired. It can also describe a state of being anxious or fearful, particularly in the face of danger or loss.

This root primarily describes concepts related to rough, difficult, or constricted terrain, and by extension, hardship, confinement, and forceful actions like stopping or pressing. It also encompasses sounds associated with animals and machinery.

This root primarily deals with the concept of overturning, flipping, or causing something to fall. It can also extend to the idea of being overcome or prostrated, particularly by hunger.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of shamelessness, immodesty, and exposure. It extends to meanings related to uncovering, revealing, and physical descriptions of lips and mouths. Some derived terms also refer to specific animals or actions associated with them.

The root جلفع (j-l-f-ʿ) primarily denotes largeness, thickness, and robustness, often applied to animals, particularly camels, and sometimes to human features like gums. It can also refer to an elderly or mature female.

This root appears to be a variant or a misspelling related to another root, possibly 'جلفع'. It is discussed in the context of phonetic substitution, where 'qaf' (ق) might be used instead of 'fa' (ف). The specific meaning or semantic field is not clearly established due to its derivative nature and lack of independent usage.

This root primarily concerns the concept of gathering, collecting, assembling, and bringing together disparate elements. It extends to the idea of totality, entirety, and completeness, as well as the state of being united or consolidated. It also encompasses related ideas like a multitude, a crowd, and the culmination or essence of something.

The root 'جمع' (jama'a) primarily denotes the concept of bringing things together, collecting, gathering, or assembling. This encompasses physical collection, the union of people, the consolidation of ideas or plans, and even biological processes like pregnancy or the formation of offspring. It also extends to concepts of completeness, totality, and the culmination of events.

This root primarily concerns the concept of gathering, collecting, assembling, and uniting things or people. It extends to the idea of totality, completeness, and also encompasses terms related to groups, congregations, and even specific places or historical figures associated with unification.

This root primarily deals with concepts of small, creeping, or emerging things, often associated with misfortune, pests, or undesirable entities. It extends to descriptions of individuals lacking worth or character, and also encompasses terms for calamities and small, unpleasant creatures.

This root primarily concerns the state of hunger, its opposite (satiety), and the experience of extreme hunger or famine. It extends to related concepts like intense desire, scarcity, and even metaphorical applications in knowledge and social standing.

This root primarily relates to the concept of being hidden, concealed, or withdrawn. It also extends to meanings of breathlessness or suffocation, and entering or becoming situated within a place.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being a talebearer or slanderer. It describes someone who carries news or gossip, often with negative connotations of spreading falsehoods or causing discord.

This root appears to be very limited in its usage, primarily referring to a specific type of amphibian. It does not seem to have broader semantic extensions.

This root primarily relates to movement, specifically going, traveling, and leading others, often in a skillful or determined manner. It also extends to concepts of speed, cunning, and even specific animals and objects.

This root primarily describes the act of moving out, departing, or emerging, particularly in the context of leaving settled areas for the open country or desert. It can also imply appearing or becoming visible.

This root appears to describe a person of low character or ignoble status. The primary derived term relates to being base, mean, or ignoble.

This root primarily deals with deception, trickery, and guile. It encompasses the act of misleading others, the state of being deceived, and the tools or methods used in such actions. It can also extend to the idea of something being alluring or attractive, sometimes deceptively so.

The root خذع (kh-dh-ʿ) primarily relates to the act of cutting, slicing, or making incisions, particularly in soft materials like flesh, vegetables, or fruits. It can also refer to a piece cut from such materials, or metaphorically to being struck or wounded. Less commonly, it signifies a deviation or inclination, and a specific type of plant or food.

This root pertains to the concept of speed and swiftness. It describes rapid movement or action.

The root خرع (kharaʿa) primarily denotes weakness, softness, and flaccidity. This extends to physical attributes like limpness, slackness, and fragility, as well as emotional states like being stunned or fearful. It also encompasses meanings related to breaking, cutting, and creating something new.

The root خزع (khazaʿa) primarily denotes concepts of falling behind, lagging, or separating from a group. It extends to meanings of cutting, breaking, or detaching something, and metaphorically to taking or acquiring something, or being characterized by erratic behavior.

This root primarily concerns the semantic field of lowering, subduing, and humility, often related to sight, sound, or posture. It extends to concepts of stillness, submission, and even physical states of the land or animals.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being born or emerging from something, particularly in the context of a difficult or unusual birth. It also touches upon the idea of being named based on the circumstances of one's emergence.

This root describes a person characterized by stinginess and an unwillingness to be generous, even when their nature might suggest otherwise. It emphasizes a stubborn adherence to miserly traits.

This root appears to relate to a type of plant or tree, though its existence and origin are debated among classical lexicographers. It also describes a specific sound made by a cheetah when it is out of breath.

This root primarily denotes weakness, fainting, or collapse, often due to hunger or illness. It can also refer to being mentally affected, such as being depressed or insane. Additionally, it has specific meanings related to uprooting and a piece of leather used in saddlery.

This root primarily describes the concept of limping or lameness, particularly in animals like hyenas and wolves. It also extends to metaphorical meanings of stealth or thievery, and is used as a tribal or personal name.

This root primarily deals with concepts of submission, humility, and subservience, often in a negative or forced context. It extends to meanings of betrayal, yielding, and even physical actions like cutting. The root also encompasses terms for specific types of garments and geographical locations.

This root appears to be very limited in usage, primarily referring to a specific type of fox and a place name. Its semantic range is narrow and not widely attested.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of insect, possibly a grasshopper or cricket, with variations in size.

This root pertains to a lack of jealousy or protectiveness towards one's family, specifically referring to a man who is indifferent to his wife's or female relatives' conduct.

This root primarily refers to a hyena, a wild canine animal known for its scavenging habits. It may also extend to related concepts of wildness or specific animalistic traits.