Taj al-Arus (Zabidi, d. 1205H)

The root صرح (ṣaraḥa) primarily relates to things that are clear, pure, and evident. It extends to concepts of building tall structures, directness in speech, and unmixed substances like milk or wine. It also encompasses notions of openness, clarity, and sometimes, a lack of substance or a deficiency.

This root primarily describes vast, flat, and barren expanses of land, such as plains, deserts, and open fields. It can also refer to something solid or firm, and by extension, to something intense or severe.

This root pertains to the concept of hardness and solidity, particularly in relation to a place or surface. It describes something firm, unyielding, and stable.

This root primarily relates to loudness, intensity, and strong contention. It describes someone who is vociferous, intensely argumentative, or powerfully confrontational.

This root describes individuals who are strong-willed, resolute, and tenacious. It also encompasses traits of being clever, witty, and skilled in argumentation or dispute.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a wide, open, and flat expanse, often a desert or a place prepared for a specific purpose like threshing. It can also refer to the act of spreading out or leveling.

This root primarily relates to the side, surface, or aspect of something, particularly the face. It extends to concepts of turning away, forgiveness, and broadness, as well as geographical features and specific physical attributes.

This root primarily relates to the concept of baldness or being bald. It describes the state of having a bald head and the attributes associated with it.

This root primarily concerns the concept of 'goodness,' 'righteousness,' and 'peace.' It encompasses states of being upright, making amends, and achieving reconciliation. Derived terms also relate to improvement, repair, and the opposite of corruption or فساد.

This root appears to relate to something long and thin, possibly a type of fish or a descriptive term for such a shape. The primary lemma discussed is a specific fish.

This root primarily describes qualities of hardness, solidity, and broadness, often applied to inanimate objects like stones or to female animals and women. It conveys a sense of being stout, strong, and unyielding.

This root primarily describes something wide, broad, or expansive, often in a physical sense. It can refer to the width of a woman, the expanse of a plain, or the broadness of an object like a sword or a place. It also carries connotations of being large or bulky.

This root appears to relate to concepts of strength, firmness, and potentially negative attributes like harshness or loudness. It describes characteristics of people, particularly their heads and temperaments, and also refers to money.

This root appears to relate to the head or neck area, with specific derived forms describing a bald head or a shaved neck. The entry notes the addition of the letter 'lam' as potentially extraneous.

This root primarily concerns intense heat and its effects, leading to concepts of suffering, pain, and endurance. It also extends to meanings of roughness, intensity, and strong character, as well as unpleasant odors and physical attributes.

The root صمدح (ṣ-m-d-ḥ) primarily relates to intensity, hardness, and heat, particularly concerning days and the qualities of things and beings. It extends to concepts of purity, excellence, and strength, often applied to descriptions of animals, people, and even abstract qualities.

This root appears to be a variant or an erroneous inclusion related to the root صَدَحَ (ṣadaḥa). The primary meaning discussed is a broad, flat stone, with the 'n' being an extra letter. The entry itself notes its redundancy.

This root appears to be related to proper names, specifically tribal or familial affiliations. The primary focus is on the name 'Sanabih' as a patronymic or tribal identifier within the Murād tribe and other lineages.

This root primarily deals with concepts of dryness, cracking, and desiccation, often applied to the land, plants, and even hair. It also extends to meanings related to walls, mountains, and specific geographical locations.

This root primarily concerns vocalizations, particularly loud cries, shouts, and calls. It extends metaphorically to concepts of suddenness, distress, destruction, and even physical states like wilting or cracking.

The root ضبح (ḍabaḥa) primarily relates to sounds made by animals, particularly horses and camels when exerting themselves, and also the sound of a fox. It extends to the effect of heat or fire on objects, causing discoloration or slight burning, and can refer to the resulting ash. Additionally, it denotes specific names of places, people, and horses.

This root primarily concerns the concept of light, particularly sunlight, and its effects. It extends to describe shimmering or rippling phenomena, shallow water, and by extension, abundance or a large quantity of something.

This root primarily relates to the concept of clarity, visibility, and openness. It extends to the idea of something being evident, manifest, or easily perceived. It can also refer to the bends or curves in a valley.

This root primarily relates to the concept of being fat or corpulent. It describes a state of physical plumpness and abundance.

This root primarily deals with the concepts of spreading, flattening, and crushing or breaking things. It also extends to meanings related to friction, scattering, and specific physical attributes like the sole of a hoof or a lion's name.

This root appears to relate to a state of relaxation or looseness, possibly to the point of collapse. It is also used in a context of striking someone forcefully.

This root primarily describes tallness, height, and elevation, often associated with physical stature, lineage, or ambition. It also extends to concepts of arrogance, pride, and a long stride, with specific applications to a type of plant and a famous poet.

This root primarily describes the concept of overflowing, filling up, and rising to the brim. It extends to meanings of being full, abundant, and even rapid movement or excessive states.

This root primarily concerns a type of thorny tree, 'talh', known for its size, thorns, and gum. It extends to describe animals that graze on this tree, states of exhaustion and weakness, and metaphorically, things that cling or are burdensome. It also includes personal names and epithets derived from the tree.

The root 'طلح' primarily relates to a type of tree, specifically the 'طلح' tree, and by extension, places named after it. It also extends to concepts of persistence, insistence, and unfairness in dealings, as well as terms for specific individuals and groups.

This root primarily relates to concepts of breadth, thinness, and stretching, particularly in the context of food preparation and the resulting thinness of bread. It also extends to meanings of hunger and exhaustion.

The root طمح (ṭamaḥa) primarily relates to the concept of looking upwards, extending one's gaze, or reaching high. It extends to meanings of ambition, aspiration, and exceeding limits, both literally and figuratively. It can also describe a horse's high-headed gait or a woman's defiance and looking beyond her husband.

This root primarily relates to the fattening and becoming plump of animals, particularly camels. It also includes a place name in Egypt.

This root primarily deals with the concepts of falling, perishing, and deviating from the right path. It extends to notions of being lost, going astray, and experiencing ruin or destruction. The meanings can also encompass being far off or distant.

This root primarily concerns concepts of falling, perishing, destruction, and scattering. It also extends to meanings of losing or wasting something, and can describe rapid movement or disappearance.

This root appears to relate to a specific tribal name and its origin. The primary focus is on a tribe whose ancestor is named Fajuḥ.

This root primarily concerns the hissing or sibilant sound made by snakes, particularly from their mouths. It extends to related sounds like rustling or friction, and metaphorically to a hoarse voice or intense speech. It also encompasses a state of agitation or excitement.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being burdened, weighed down, or overwhelmed by something significant, such as debt, a heavy task, or a severe calamity. It describes the state of being afflicted by such difficulties and the nature of these overwhelming events.

This root appears to describe a specific, possibly rare, action of a female camel. It is related to the act of spreading the legs to urinate. However, its authenticity is questioned, with alternative, more common terms suggested.

The root فرح (f-r-ḥ) primarily denotes joy, happiness, and delight. It extends to related concepts like exuberance, boastfulness, and the feeling of being pleased or gladdened. It also encompasses states of being burdened, needy, or even specific natural phenomena.

This root appears to relate to the concept of spaciousness and breadth, particularly concerning land. There is a debate within the text about the correct form of a word related to this meaning, with one scholar suggesting a correction based on a related root.

This root primarily describes expansive, wide, or spread-out states, often related to land, posture, or physical attributes. It can also denote a type of cloud or a specific posture during prayer or milking.

This root primarily deals with the concept of wideness, breadth, and flatness, often in relation to physical objects or surfaces. It describes something as being spread out, wide, or broad, with some discussion on the correct orthography for these meanings.

This root primarily relates to the concept of smooth, level, or soft ground. It can also extend to describe a state of ease or well-being, often associated with such terrain.

This root describes a physical characteristic related to the posterior, specifically the widening of the buttocks or anus. It also refers to a specific tribal name.