Taj al-Arus (Zabidi, d. 1205H)

This root primarily relates to forceful actions like striking, pushing, and hitting. It extends to describe a horse's aggressive biting and head-rearing, severe impacts, and misfortunes or calamities.

The root ص ل م (ṣ-l-m) primarily denotes cutting, severing, or eradicating something completely. This core meaning extends to concepts of destruction, severe hardship, and even physical mutilation, particularly of ears and noses. It also encompasses related ideas like decisive actions, intense situations, and specific objects or conditions associated with these meanings.

This root primarily describes a state of being upright, firm, or unyielding. It extends to meanings of anger, stubbornness, and physical attributes like length, hardness, and immovability, often applied to animals and terrain.

This root pertains to the concept of being thick, dense, or solid, often referring to the flesh or body. It can also describe something that is firm, strong, or substantial.

This root primarily describes hardness, solidity, and strength. It is applied to animals, particularly lions and horses, to denote their power and robustness. It can also refer to a hard head or a strong, mature camel.

This root primarily relates to the forceful striking or clashing of teeth, and by extension, to things that are large, strong, or formidable. It also extends to descriptions of old women and lions, often emphasizing their imposing or aggressive nature.

This root appears to describe qualities of strength, hardness, and boldness, particularly when applied to animals like lions or to abstract concepts like courage. It also relates to the act of solidifying or becoming firm.

The root ص م م (ṣ-m-m) primarily relates to the concept of blockage, obstruction, and deafness. It extends to meanings of solidity, intensity, and stubbornness, as well as encompassing terms for specific objects and abstract qualities.

This root primarily concerns idols and their worship, encompassing terms for the idols themselves, the act of worshipping them, and related concepts like their physical form. It also extends to less common meanings such as bad odor, strength, and specific geographical locations or tribal lineages.

This root primarily describes a person or animal that is noble, distinguished, strong, and resolute. It can also refer to someone who is stubborn, ill-tempered, or exceptionally pure in their intentions, whether good or bad.

This root appears to relate to intense heat, burning, or scorching, particularly as experienced by animals or objects.

This root appears to relate to a strong, unyielding, or stern disposition, particularly in a man. It describes someone whose character is difficult to influence or change, often associated with a stern or unyielding countenance.

The root ص وم (ṣ-w-m) primarily denotes abstention, holding back, or ceasing an action. This core meaning extends to fasting from food and drink, refraining from speech, and stopping movement or activity. It also encompasses concepts like stillness, midday heat, and specific natural phenomena.

This root primarily relates to concepts of hardness, solidity, and intensity. It describes something that is firm, strong, and well-formed, often implying a robust or unyielding quality.

This root appears to be related to the concept of grasping or seizing. It is primarily used to denote the lion, possibly due to its predatory nature of seizing prey. The root also appears in personal names.

This root primarily describes something strong, stout, and courageous, particularly applied to lions and brave men. It emphasizes a robust and unyielding nature.

This root appears to relate to the lion, with derived terms used as epithets for the animal. The primary focus is on variations of a word for 'lion', with discussion on its etymology and authenticity.

The root ض ج م (ḍ-j-m) primarily describes crookedness or deviation, particularly in facial features like the mouth, lips, chin, and nose, but also extends to other physical attributes like the neck and shoulders. It can also metaphorically refer to deviations in wells, surgical wounds, and disagreements between people.

This root entry primarily discusses a specific Arab lineage named الضجاعم (al-Ḍijāʿam) and الضجاهمة (al-Ḍajāhima), who were kings in the Levant before the Ghassanids. It also mentions a personal name derived from this lineage.

This root primarily denotes largeness, bulkiness, and magnitude. It extends to concepts of size, thickness, and even width in roads and weight in water. Figuratively, it can refer to importance, nobility, and physical robustness.

The root ض ر م (ḍ-r-m) primarily relates to the concepts of intense heat, burning, and ignition. It extends to describe intense emotions like anger and hunger, as well as rapid movement or growth. The root also encompasses specific terms for types of fuel, plants, and even animals.

This root primarily describes aged female camels, particularly those that are still strong or have some remaining youth. It also extends to describe a snake with a strong bite and, metaphorically, a stingy person. The concept of intensity, especially in biting or clinging, is also present.

This root appears to describe a specific type of water source and also terms for a person with negative character traits. The connection between these meanings is not immediately clear from the provided text.

This root appears to be related to names for the lion, particularly its male gender. It is considered an obscure term, with variations in pronunciation and form.

This root appears to describe something large, bulky, and perhaps coarse or uncouth, particularly in reference to a large belly or a coarse, unrefined sexual organ.

This root primarily describes the lion, its fierceness, and bravery. It extends to describe courageous and strong men, and even a strong stallion, by metaphorical association with the lion's attributes. It can also refer to the act of acting like a lion or engaging in fierce combat.

The root ض م م primarily relates to the concept of bringing things together, joining, collecting, or gathering. This encompasses physical joining, metaphorical grouping, and even the act of embracing or collecting wealth. It can also extend to concepts of pressure, intensity, and even specific types of terrain or animals.

This root primarily relates to the concept of oppression, injustice, and wronging someone. It also encompasses the idea of being constrained or confined.

This root appears to describe someone who is base, ignoble, or of poor character. It is associated with unpleasant disposition and difficult nature.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of injustice, oppression, and being wronged. It also extends to meanings of diminishing, taking away, and being wronged or oppressed. Secondary meanings include geographical locations and a proper name.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of force, impact, and intensity, often related to natural phenomena like floods and darkness. It also extends to abstract notions of crowds, strength in combat, and abundance.

This root appears to relate to the concept of filling or completing something, particularly a container like a waterskin. It also extends to the idea of stringing or equipping something, like a bow, and metaphorically to a covering or patch.

This root appears to relate to obscure or unclear phenomena, particularly in the sky or in water. It describes a type of cloud or a murky patch in the sky, and also stagnant or foul water.

This root primarily relates to concepts of darkness, blackness, and obscurity, often applied to physical attributes like the nose, snout, or the color of animals. It also extends to abstract notions of arrogance and territorial boundaries.

This root appears to be related to the concept of anger or being enraged. The primary derived term signifies a furious or angry person.

This root primarily relates to sweetness, honey, and viscous substances, often associated with fullness or abundance. It also extends to concepts of residue, discoloration, physical features on the lips, and corruption or impurity.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of silent, perhaps haughty or angry, gaze or posture. It is closely linked to the concept of 'إطراق' (lowering the gaze or head), often associated with negative emotions.

This root appears to relate to concepts of length, stagnation, and perhaps something being discarded or thrown. The primary derived terms discussed are adjectives related to tallness and nouns referring to stagnant water.

This root primarily describes states of arrogance, pride, and haughtiness, often associated with a haughty demeanor or posture. It can also extend to meanings of being well-formed, handsome, or dark, particularly in reference to the night.

This root appears to relate to concepts of swelling, puffiness, and foolishness, often associated with overeating or a lack of intelligence.

This root primarily relates to the concepts of silence, stillness, and withdrawal, often in response to fear or shock. It also extends to meanings of obscuring, becoming dark, and becoming worn or erased.

This root appears to be related to darkness or obscurity, specifically in the context of the night. It is noted as being neglected by some lexicographers but discussed in others, with variations in its form and meaning.

This root appears to relate to arrogance, haughtiness, and a refusal to acknowledge truth or justice. It describes a state of being puffed up with pride and acting unjustly.

This root primarily describes something difficult, arduous, or challenging, particularly referring to a stubborn or unmanageable camel. It extends to describe a well-developed, handsome young man, and metaphorically, a dark or black night.

This root primarily relates to the concepts of effacement, obliteration, and fading away, often associated with things like dust, darkness, or the passage of time. It also extends to meanings of being dense, central, or even referring to specific tribes and Quranic chapter names.

This root primarily concerns the concept of 'food' and 'eating'. It extends to tasting, sustenance, livelihood, and metaphorically to experiencing the essence or flavor of something, as well as to the act of feeding or providing sustenance.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of taste, flavor, and eating. It extends to related ideas like intellect, value, sustenance, and the act of feeding or being fed. It also encompasses terms for specific types of food or sustenance, and even personal names derived from these concepts.

This root primarily denotes low-quality, base, or ignoble people and things. It extends to concepts of foolishness, baseness, and ignorance, often in a derogatory sense. It can also refer to large bodies of water.