Taj al-Arus (Zabidi, d. 1205H)

This root primarily relates to baked goods, specifically a type of bread or flatbread, and the actions associated with preparing or handling it. It also extends to related concepts like a tray for bread and even a less common meaning of dental plaque.

This root appears to relate to stagnant or brackish water. It also includes a place name and a discussion of variant pronunciations.

This root primarily relates to darkness, heaviness, and imposing size, often applied to the night, clouds, or large creatures. It also extends to concepts of severity and arrogance.

This root primarily relates to negative facial expressions and actions, such as frowning or looking downcast. It also extends to the concept of something being hidden, secret, or enigmatic, particularly in Sufi terminology.

This root appears to be rare and primarily associated with classical poetic usage. It is linked to concepts of death, misfortune, and specific natural entities like turtles and graves.

The root ط ه م primarily relates to concepts of fullness, plumpness, and abundance, but also extends to meanings of being well-formed, excellent, and even to negative connotations like dislike or aversion. It can describe physical attributes of people and animals, as well as abstract qualities.

This root primarily concerns the concept of innate disposition, natural constitution, or inherent character. It describes something being naturally formed or ingrained, often implying a divine creation or endowment of a particular nature.

This root primarily relates to sounds, specifically loud noises like shouting or bleating. It also extends to the concept of a man's predecessor or ancestor, and a specific type of marriage arrangement.

This root appears to be related to the concept of movement, specifically the act of traveling or migrating, often with a connotation of departure or setting out. It also touches upon the idea of a caravan or group of travelers.

The root ظ ل م (ẓ-l-m) primarily concerns the concept of injustice, wrongdoing, and placing something in its wrong place. It extends to notions of harm, deprivation, and darkness, both literal and metaphorical. The root also encompasses the idea of deficiency or reduction.

This root primarily concerns darkness, injustice, and wrongdoing. It extends to concepts of oppression, wrongdoing, and can also refer to specific geographical locations and personal names.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of drink, particularly milk that has not had its froth removed. It is a rare root with limited usage.

This root appears to relate to the concept of creation or formation. It is used to describe something as being created or having a specific disposition.

This root primarily relates to sounds, specifically the bleating or crying of certain animals, particularly goats. It also touches upon the idea of a specific sound associated with a particular state or condition.

This root primarily describes slowness, dullness, and heaviness, often in speech or physical form. It can also refer to something large, abundant, or lacking in essential qualities like intelligence, manners, or wealth.

This root appears to be related to proper names, specifically the name of a man. Its usage is limited and primarily documented in classical lexicographical sources.

The root ع ت م (ʿ-t-m) primarily relates to slowness, delay, and lateness. It extends to concepts of darkness, particularly the early part of the night, and the act of delaying or withholding something, such as milking animals or serving guests. It also encompasses the idea of passing through a portion of the night.

This root appears to be very limited in its usage, primarily referring to a specific historical figure known for bravery and prowess. It does not seem to have broader semantic extensions in classical Arabic.

This root primarily describes the process of a broken bone healing improperly, becoming crooked, or failing to heal completely. It also extends to the idea of something becoming corrupted, diminished in strength, or deformed.

This root appears to be related to the concept of being thick, dense, or robust, possibly in a physical or structural sense. It may also extend to meanings of being firm or unyielding.

The root ع ج م primarily relates to non-Arabic speakers, foreignness, and a lack of clarity or eloquence in speech. It extends to concepts of obscurity, hiddenness, and the physical act of biting or chewing. Derived meanings also encompass the act of marking or dotting text, and specific physical objects or conditions.

The root ع-j-m primarily relates to the concept of being unclear, unintelligible, or difficult to understand, often associated with speech or writing. It extends to meanings of being solid, unyielding, or strong, and also encompasses the idea of testing or experiencing something.

This root entry is very brief and appears to be an omission by major lexicographers. It refers to a specific group of people from Yemen, possibly related to the tribe of 'Akk. The entry notes their tribal affiliation and the relative adjective.

This root appears to be related to obscure or unknown things, possibly extending to creatures or concepts that are not easily defined or understood. It is primarily associated with a specific type of water bird.

The root ع د م primarily concerns the concept of absence, loss, and poverty. It extends to meanings of non-existence, lack of possession, and even mental deficiency or madness. Derived terms can also refer to specific places or types of food.

The root ع ذ م primarily relates to biting, especially with the teeth, and by extension, to harsh speech, scolding, or reprimanding. It can also refer to eating with coarseness, pushing away, or preventing something. Figuratively, it extends to concepts like a harsh bite, a type of plant, a place, or even death.

This root primarily relates to parts of the nose and face, specifically the bridge or tip of the nose, and the area between the nose and upper lip. It also extends to the concept of being forced or acting against one's will.

This root appears to relate to a specific, possibly archaic, term for a type of speech or utterance. It is presented as a variant of another term, with a note on its perceived quality or origin.

This root appears to relate to concepts of strength, firmness, and potentially corruption or deterioration. It is primarily discussed in classical texts with limited modern usage.

This root primarily describes qualities of being strong, harsh, severe, and large. It extends to physical attributes like a thick neck and also refers to specific objects like a type of stick or a long, slow-moving penis.

This root primarily denotes strength, firmness, and being gathered or concentrated. It is applied to powerful beings like lions and snakes, as well as to the concept of being strong and compact. It also appears in place names and personal names derived from these qualities.

This root appears to describe entities that are substantial, strong, or vigorous, often with connotations of being large or powerful. It can also refer to negative qualities like stinginess or baseness, and sometimes describes animals like lions.

This root appears to be very limited in its usage, primarily referring to a proper name. There is little to no semantic extension beyond this specific designation.

This root primarily relates to concepts of largeness, bulkiness, and robustness, often applied to animals like camels and lions, but also to elderly men and strong individuals. It can also refer to specific natural objects like mushrooms and the tough stems of plants.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of resolve, determination, and firm decision-making. It extends to meanings of seriousness, commitment, and the act of undertaking or executing something with conviction. It also encompasses related ideas like oaths, incantations, and specific types of camels or elderly women.

This root primarily relates to stiffness, dryness, and immobility, particularly in joints. It also extends to concepts of greed, striving, earning, and sometimes to the eye's state or a person's forceful action.

This root appears to be related to the concept of lightness and speed. It is noted as being omitted by Al-Jawhari and discussed in Al-Lisan.

This root appears to relate to the concept of mixing or blending things together. It describes the act of combining different elements into a single substance or mixture.

This root primarily concerns concepts of desire, greed, and covetousness. It extends to meanings related to dryness, emaciation, and old age, often describing things or beings that are withered or brittle. It also encompasses terms for specific plants and geographical locations.

This root primarily describes qualities of harshness, intensity, and strength. It is applied to things that are rough or severe, and metaphorically to a lion due to its ferocity. It can also refer to a strong and decisive person.

The root ع ص م (ʿ-ṣ-m) primarily relates to concepts of protection, prevention, and restraint. It encompasses meanings of holding onto, binding, and safeguarding, extending to the idea of being immune or divinely protected. It also covers physical binding and the resulting marks or residues.

This root primarily relates to concepts of size, magnitude, and strength, often referring to large or robust objects. It also extends to specific parts of animals and tools, as well as qualities of endurance and consumption.

This root appears to relate to the concept of something being puffed up or expanded, specifically in the context of wool. It also extends to meanings of destruction and the perished.

This root appears to be related to a specific, rare substance or substance byproduct. The primary meaning discussed is 'lion's dung', which is a very specific and uncommon term.