Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)

This root appears to describe something that is strong, robust, or powerful, particularly in the context of camels. It may also relate to a specific type or characteristic of such animals.

This root primarily relates to dyes and colors, specifically a type of dye made from mustard and raisins. It also extends to describing a horse's coat color, a reddish-brown or blond mixed with white hairs.

This root primarily concerns the concept of descending, falling, or arriving, often associated with rain, arrows, or movement. It also extends to notions of correctness, hitting the mark, and finding something.

This root primarily describes shades of reddish-brown or tawny coloration, particularly in hair, animals, and wine. It can also refer to specific types of wine and, metaphorically, to enemies.

The root ضبب primarily relates to sticking or adhering to the ground, but extends to meanings of flowing, milking, and dense fog. It also encompasses concepts of harboring resentment, physical ailments, and descriptive terms for people and objects.

The root 'ḍ-r-b' primarily denotes striking, hitting, or beating. It extends to concepts of traveling, making examples, mating, affliction, and various types of substances, qualities, and actions.

This root primarily relates to the sound made by a rabbit. It also extends to describe a woman who is fond of small gourds.

This root primarily relates to the concept of strength and robustness, particularly when applied to a camel. It describes a powerful, large, and sturdy animal.

This root primarily relates to the process of exposing something, particularly meat or wooden objects, to heat or fire. It describes meat that is partially cooked and the action of tempering or shaping wood by heating it.

This root primarily concerns knowledge, skill, and expertise, particularly in the realm of medicine. It extends to encompass mastery, cunning, and even deception or enchantment. The root also describes physical attributes like texture, shape, and sound.

This root appears to relate to pieces or fragments, particularly of cloth, and by extension, to small amounts of clouds in the sky. It describes something that is torn or a small, insignificant portion.

This root primarily concerns states of emotional excitement, particularly joy or sorrow, and the vocalizations associated with them. It also extends to a sense of longing or inclination, especially for animals returning to their homeland, and to the characteristics of paths.

This root primarily relates to sounds and actions involving the lips and mouth, particularly in calling or making specific noises. It also extends to descriptions of physical attributes, such as a long breast or a woman, and includes expressions of mockery.

The root 'طلب' (ṭ-l-b) primarily concerns the act of seeking, requesting, or demanding something. It extends to the object of the request, the act of pursuing, and the state of being in need or having to seek.

The root طنب (ṭanaba) primarily relates to stretching, extending, and permanence. It encompasses physical extensions like tent ropes and the body's sinews, as well as abstract concepts like exaggeration in speech and prolonged presence in a place. It also denotes a specific type of crookedness in a spear.

This root primarily concerns pleasantness, goodness, and purity, contrasting with badness or foulness. It extends to concepts of well-being, satisfaction, and things that are pleasing to the senses or spirit, including pleasant scents, good food, and agreeable actions. It also encompasses specific applications like hygiene and even names for things like wine or a type of date.

This root primarily relates to concepts of lineage, kinship, and the joining of families through marriage. It also extends to meanings of sound, clamor, and a general state of commotion.

This root primarily relates to a general sense of unease, pain, or distress. It also extends to describe the commotion and sounds associated with a flock of sheep.

This root primarily relates to small hills or mounds, and by extension, to things that are low or short. It also extends to a specific animal known for its foul odor and a term for a short, stocky person.

This root primarily relates to the lower leg bone, specifically the shinbone or tibia. It also extends metaphorically to concepts of speed, urgency, and the striking of a horse's leg.

This root primarily concerns the act of drinking, particularly large gulps or without sucking. It extends to related concepts like abundance, youthful vigor, and physical stature, as well as specific items and animals.

This root primarily concerns the concept of displeasure, reproach, and reconciliation. It extends to the act of complaining, seeking forgiveness, and returning to a state of favor. It also encompasses physical meanings related to steps, thresholds, and a specific gait.

This root appears to relate to concepts of being ruined, disordered, or uncertain. It describes things that are dilapidated, affairs that are not properly managed, and actions taken without clear knowledge or certainty.

The root عجب (ʿajaba) primarily denotes wonder, astonishment, and amazement. It extends to things that cause wonder, the act of being amazed, and also has a distinct meaning related to the tail or end of something, particularly in a geographical or anatomical context.

This root appears to relate to fine, scattered sand or dust, and possibly to a group or gathering of people.

The root عذب primarily relates to pleasantness, purity, and sweetness, especially concerning water. It extends to concepts of prohibition, restraint, and punishment, as well as specific physical attributes like the tip of the tongue or parts of a whip.

This root primarily concerns the concept of 'Arab' people, their language, and their characteristics, both in settled areas and the desert. It also extends to meanings related to fluency, purity, imitation, and even physical attributes and natural phenomena.

This root appears to relate to a specific physical feature, possibly on the nose, and its pronunciation or description. It is presented as a variant of another root.

This root primarily concerns musical instruments, specifically stringed instruments and drums. It also extends to related concepts like singing and the act of playing music.

The root عرقب primarily relates to anatomical terms for the back of the leg and foot, extending to topographical features like narrow paths in valleys and difficult matters. It also encompasses the concept of breaking or severing, and is famously associated with a proverb about broken promises.

The root عزب (ʿ-z-b) primarily denotes absence, remoteness, or separation. This extends to concepts of being unmarried, living apart from family or settlement, and things being distant or out of reach.

This root primarily relates to the stalk or stem of something, particularly palm fronds and animal tails. It also extends to the concept of payment for stud services and, metaphorically, to leadership.

The root عشب (ʿashaba) primarily relates to vegetation, specifically grass or herbage. It encompasses the growth of plants, the state of being covered in grass, and terms for different types or stages of vegetation. Figuratively, it can refer to abundance or providing sustenance.

The root عصب (ʿaṣaba) primarily relates to binding, tying, or strengthening, often with a sense of intensity or closeness. It extends to concepts of kinship, physical strength, and even the intensity of weather or hunger.

The root عضب (ʿaḍaba) primarily relates to cutting, severing, and sharpness, particularly of a sword. It extends to metaphorical cutting through speech (insulting) and to descriptions of broken or damaged things, like horns or ears, and also to weakness or lack of support.

This root primarily concerns destruction, ruin, and perishing. It extends to the concept of a place of destruction or peril. Additionally, it has a distinct meaning related to cotton or burnt rags.

This root primarily discusses a specific type of locust, the male locust, and its various names and forms. It also touches upon a place name derived from this term.

This root primarily concerns the scorpion, a venomous arachnid. It extends to describe things associated with scorpions, such as places infested with them, and also refers to a celestial constellation and a specific type of posture.

The root عكب (ʿ-k-b) primarily relates to concepts of gathering, crowding, and accumulation. It also extends to terms for dust, smoke, and a specific type of spider, as well as physical descriptions of being short and stout.

The root 'علب' primarily relates to marking, scarring, or leaving an impression on something. It extends to concepts of toughness, age, and specific anatomical parts, particularly the neck.

This root primarily concerns the grape and its plant. It also extends to related concepts like small growths or blemishes, and descriptive terms for physical attributes or locations.

This root primarily relates to the nightingale bird and its vocalizations. It also extends to the general concept of singing or making a sound, particularly in a pleasant or melodious manner.

This root primarily describes heaviness, thickness, and the prime of youth. It is used for a heavy man, a thick woolen garment, and the peak of adolescence.

This root primarily concerns the concept of defect, flaw, fault, or blemish. It extends to the act of finding fault, criticizing, or attributing a defect to something or someone. It also encompasses a container or receptacle, particularly for clothing.

The root غبب primarily relates to alternation, intermittency, or coming and going with intervals. This concept extends to various domains including animal watering, illness patterns, visiting, and even the passage of time or decay.

This root primarily deals with the concept of taking something unjustly or by force. It encompasses the act of seizing, usurping, and the state of being seized or usurped.

This root primarily concerns the emotion of anger, its expression, and related states. It also extends to concepts of being displeased, acting in opposition, and even physical descriptions like intense redness.