ظ ل م

Root entry · 12 derived lemmas

This root primarily concerns darkness, injustice, and wrongdoing. It extends to concepts of oppression, wrongdoing, and can also refer to specific geographical locations and personal names.

Derived headwords

ظُلْمnoun

1.
darknessboth
The state of being dark, absence of light.
2.
injusticeboth
The act of treating someone unfairly or unjustly; wrongdoing.

ظَلَمَverb

1.
to be darkclassical
To become dark or obscure.
2.
to do injusticeboth
To act unjustly or oppressively towards someone.

ظَلَامnoun

1.
darknessboth
Intense darkness or gloom.
2.
injusticeclassical
A great amount of injustice or wrongdoing.

ظَلِيمname

1.
name of a personclassical
A personal name, specifically referring to Abu al-Najib al-Misri al-Ameri.

ظَلِيمnoun

1.
ostrichclassical
A type of large bird, an ostrich.

ظَلَمnoun

1.
mountainclassical
A mountain located in the Hijaz region.

ظَلَمnoun

1.
black mountainclassical
A black mountain belonging to Amr bin Abd bin Kalab.

تَظَلُّمnoun

1.
mountainclassical
A mountain located in Najd.

ظُلُومnoun

1.
teethclassical
A broken plural referring to teeth, specifically when they are dark or discolored.

ظَلَمْلَمnoun

1.
mountainclassical
A mountain located in Yemen.

ظَالِمname

1.
name of a personclassical
A personal name, referring to Zalim bin Amr, also known as Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali, a companion and the first to discuss Arabic grammar.

ظَلَامadjective

1.
very unjustboth
One who commits much injustice or wrongdoing.

Parallel reading

والظلام، بالكسر: جمع ظلم، بالضم عن كراع

And al-ẓulām, with kasrah, is a plural of ẓulm, with ḍammah, according to Kara'.

وبه فسر بيت المثقب العبدي ومغلس بن لقيط

And with this, the verse of al-Muthqab al-ʿAbdī and Mughallis ibn Laqīṭ was interpreted.

وإن كان فعال إنما يكون جمع فعل المضاعف، كخف وخفاف

And indeed, faʿāl is only a plural of a doubled faʿal verb, like khaff and khifāf.

وقيل: هو مصدر كالظلم، كلبس ولباس

And it was said: it is a masdar like al-ẓulm, like lubs and libās.

ويروى البيت أيضا: بالضم، فقيل: هو بمعنى الظلم، أو جمع له

And the verse is also narrated: with ḍammah, so it was said: it means injustice, or a plural for it.

قال شيخنا: وعليه فيزاد على باب رخال

Our Sheikh said: and according to this, it is added to the pattern of rukhāl.

وظالم بن عمر والدؤلي، أبو الأسود، صحابي، أول من تكلم في النحو

And Ẓālim bin ʿAmr al-Duʾalī, Abū al-Aswad, was a companion, the first to speak about grammar.

والظلام: الكثير الظلم

And al-ẓalām: the one who commits much injustice.

وكأمير: ظليم أبو النجيب المصري العامري، روى عن ابن عمر، وأبي سعيد وعنه بكر بن سوادة، مات سنة ثمان وثمانين

And like amīr: Ẓalīm Abū al-Najīb al-Miṣrī al-ʿĀmirī, narrated from Ibn ʿUmar and Abū Saʿīd, and Bakr bin Sawādah narrated from him, he died in the year eighty-eight.

وظلم، ككتف، جبل بالحجاز بين إضم وجبل جهينة

And Ẓulm, like kutuf, is a mountain in the Hijaz between Iḍm and the mountain of Juḥaynah.

وأيضا: جبل أسود لعمرو بن عبد ابن كلاب

And also: a black mountain belonging to ʿAmr bin ʿAbd ibn Kalāb.

وتظلم، كتمنع: جبل بنجد، قاله نصر

And Taẓallum, like talammuʿ: a mountain in Najd, said Nusr.

وظلملم، كسفرجل: جبل باليمن

And Ẓulmalm, like safarjal: a mountain in Yemen.

وجمع ظلم الأسنان: ظلوم

And the plural of dark teeth is: ẓulūm.

وأنشد أبو عبيدة: (إذا ضحكت لم تنبهر وتبسمت ... ثنايا لها كالبرق غر ظلومها)

And Abū ʿUbaydah recited: (When she laughed, she did not gasp and smiled... her teeth were like lightning, their darkness gleaming).

كما في الصحاح

As in al-Ṣiḥāḥ.