Taj al-Arus (Zabidi, d. 1205H)

This root primarily describes states of damage, decay, and deterioration. It extends to the corruption of objects, the breakdown of physical matter like meat or fabric, and metaphorically, to the eruption of foul speech.

This root primarily relates to the concept of rapid departure or cessation, particularly concerning water or rain. It also extends to the idea of something being abundant and continuous, or conversely, a swift turning away from something.

This root primarily describes a state of being slow, heavy, or dull, often associated with speech, intellect, or physical build. It can also refer to a filter or strainer used for liquids.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of man, possibly characterized by a certain physical attribute or disposition. The primary derived term describes such a man, with a secondary mention of a proper name derived from it.

This root primarily concerns the concept of breaking or chipping, especially related to teeth. It extends to metaphorical uses like defects in poetic meter, abstract concepts like time, and specific geographical or botanical terms.

This root primarily concerns the concept of leftover food or remnants, particularly within a vessel like a bowl. It describes what remains after eating or what is left behind in the container.

This root appears to relate to concepts of silence, composure, and extreme corpulence. It describes a state of being quiet or still, potentially due to anger or pride, and also refers to being excessively fat, particularly in animals.

This root appears to relate to specific, perhaps obscure, terms. The primary meaning discussed is a wife or woman, with a secondary meaning referring to a watchman's shelter.

This root appears to relate to a specific, possibly archaic, verb form indicating superiority or dominance through speech. It is noted as being obscure and its validity as a root is questioned.

This root primarily relates to the act of pulling, dragging, or drawing something towards oneself. It also extends metaphorically to describe something that attracts or entices a person, and in a specific idiom, refers to the son of a promiscuous woman.

This root primarily describes a specific type of plant, 'thaghamah', known for its green stalk that turns white when dry, often found in arid regions. It also extends metaphorically to describe whiteness, fullness, and emotional states like anger or joy, and physically to a wild dog.

This root primarily deals with the concept of breaking, chipping, or creating a gap, particularly along an edge or surface. It extends to describe damage, breaches, and even metaphorical losses or weaknesses.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of joining, repairing, collecting, and consuming. It extends to meanings of abundance, completeness, and also the act of uprooting or consuming plants. Figuratively, it relates to organizing affairs and the passage of time.

This root primarily concerns the plant garlic (thūm), detailing its varieties, medicinal properties, and culinary uses. It also extends to metaphorical uses, such as the pommel of a sword, and appears in tribal names and personal names.

The root ج ث م (j-th-m) primarily relates to the concept of settling, staying in place, or pressing down. This extends to meanings of being immobile, heavy, or even deceased. It also encompasses related ideas like the passage of time (night), growth, and physical form.

This root primarily concerns intense heat, fire, and burning. It extends to concepts of intense effort, eagerness, and also negative states like intense anger, stinginess, and severe illness.

This root appears to relate to concepts of speed, hardship, and potentially negative character traits. It also includes proper nouns for individuals and places.

This root primarily denotes concepts related to harshness, ill-temper, and unpleasant disposition. It describes a person who is difficult to deal with due to their unpleasant character and disposition.

This root primarily describes something that is swollen, bloated, or puffed up, particularly referring to the sides of a camel. It can also extend to the concept of being large or bulky.

This root primarily relates to the physical characteristic of bulging or protruding eyes, and by extension, to actions involving forceful gripping, binding, or striking.

This root appears to relate to concepts of being struck, overwhelmed, or intensely affected, particularly in the context of battle or significant events. It can describe a state of being overcome or a forceful impact.

This root appears to relate to the concept of speed, particularly in movement like running or walking. It also encompasses the idea of swiftness in action or work. The root is noted as being neglected by some lexicographers but defined by others.

The root ج د م (j-d-m) primarily relates to shortness, stubbiness, and being stunted or inferior. It extends to describe short people or animals, inferior qualities in livestock, and specific agricultural products like dates or parts of grain stalks. It also appears in names and as a term for a type of bird.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being young or immature in age. It is primarily used as an adjective to describe someone of tender years.

This root primarily deals with concepts of sin, offense, and transgression. It also extends to meanings related to cutting, severing, and completion, as well as physical attributes like size and color. Several place names and tribal lineages are derived from this root.

This root primarily concerns the concept of an origin, base, or accumulated mass. It extends to describe things that gather or are gathered, such as soil, ant nests, or even a person's lineage. It also encompasses actions related to falling and gathering, as well as specific geographical locations and personal names.

This root primarily relates to sounds and actions associated with swallowing, falling, and destruction. It encompasses verbs for drinking noisily, being overthrown, eating, and collapsing, as well as nouns for specific sounds, types of people, and materials.

This root primarily deals with concepts of consumption, eating, and finishing things off. It also extends to meanings related to exceeding a limit, speaking excessively, and rapid movement.

This root primarily describes the concept of speed and swiftness, particularly in movement and action. It can also refer to a specific type of rodent.

This root appears to relate to dry, hard, or stale bread. It is noted as being neglected by some lexicographers and defined by others as a specific type of dry bread.

This root appears to relate to intense looking or staring, and also to a type of poison or illness. The primary derived terms discussed are related to the act of looking intently and specific names for poison or a severe illness.

This root primarily relates to concepts of recovery, healing, and physical states of being, particularly after illness. It also touches upon aspects of appearance, gathering, and the texture of things, specifically snakes.

This root primarily describes beings, especially animals, that are large, corpulent, and voracious eaters. It can also refer to an elderly person who is frail and weak.

This root primarily refers to a historical Arab tribe, the Jurhum, who settled in Mecca and had ties to Prophet Ishmael. It also extends to descriptions of size and strength, particularly for animals, and qualities of bravery and determination in people.

The root J-Z-M primarily relates to the concept of cutting, severing, and finalizing. This extends to definitive actions, decisive judgments, and the act of making something complete or settled. It also encompasses related ideas like conciseness, stillness, and even physical actions like filling or harvesting.

This root primarily concerns the concept of the body, physical form, and size. It extends to describe things that are large, substantial, or elevated, and can also refer to specific tribes or historical entities.

The root جشم (j-sh-m) primarily relates to bearing a burden, undertaking something difficult, or selecting something significant. It extends to concepts of size, importance, and physical presence, often in a figurative sense.

The root ج ش م primarily relates to undertaking something with difficulty, effort, or imposition. It encompasses concepts of burden, hardship, and the act of forcing oneself or others to endure something unpleasant. Derived terms also refer to physical attributes like stoutness and parts of the body, as well as various tribal names and places.

This root primarily concerns the act of eating, particularly large amounts or with the whole mouth. It also describes a person who is large-bodied due to excessive eating.

The root ج ع م (j-ʿ-m) primarily relates to concepts of greed, strong desire, and intense appetite, often in a negative or excessive sense. It also extends to meanings of speech, physical conditions in animals, and specific states of land or plants.

This root appears to relate to concepts of thickness, bulk, and possibly contraction or gathering. It is used to describe large phallic organs, thick plants, and a specific tribe, with a derived term for bows associated with that tribe. It also denotes a sense of inward folding or contraction.

This root primarily describes physical characteristics, often related to being stout, short, or thick-bodied. It can also refer to someone of average build or, conversely, someone tall and large. Some derived forms are used as proper names.

This root primarily relates to control, restraint, and governance. It encompasses concepts of commanding, ruling, and managing affairs, often in a political or administrative context. The derived terms frequently refer to rulers, officials, and the act of exercising authority.

The root ج ل م primarily relates to cutting, shearing, or stripping. This extends to concepts of removing flesh from bone, shearing wool or hair, and by extension, to things that are stripped or shorn, like a shorn sheep or a specific type of antelope. It also encompasses tools for cutting and abstract concepts like completeness.

This root appears to be related to the concept of being large or bulky, possibly referring to a large person or animal. It is noted as being omitted by Al-Jauhari and defined in Lisan al-Arab.

This root appears to relate to the concepts of twisting, gathering, and potentially arrogance or pride. It is primarily used in classical Arabic and has limited modern applicability.

This root appears to relate to concepts of gathering, assembling, and potentially arrogance or haughtiness. It describes a state of being numerous or coming together, with a secondary meaning suggesting pride or excessive self-importance.