ج ث م

Root entry · 23 derived lemmas

The root ج ث م (j-th-m) primarily relates to the concept of settling, staying in place, or pressing down. This extends to meanings of being immobile, heavy, or even deceased. It also encompasses related ideas like the passage of time (night), growth, and physical form.

Derived headwords

جثمverb

1.
to settle downboth
To settle in a place and not move, similar to a bird or animal resting.
2.
to lie down heavilyboth
To lie down, especially on one's chest, akin to a camel kneeling (brok).
3.
to be pressed downboth
To be pressed down or stuck to the ground.
4.
to be halfway throughclassical
Used to describe the night reaching its midpoint.
5.
to grow tallclassical
Used for crops to grow tall and establish their growth.
6.
to enlargeclassical
Used for the fruit cluster (عذق) to enlarge its base.
7.
to gatherclassical
Used for mud, dust, or ash to gather.

جثمadjective

1.
tallclassical
Describing crops that have grown tall and established.

جثوماًnoun

1.
settlingboth
The act of settling in a place and not moving.
2.
lying downboth
The act of lying down heavily, like a bird or animal.
3.
midpoint of the nightclassical
The time when the night is halfway through.
4.
enlargement of the fruit clusterclassical
The swelling of the base of a fruit cluster.

جثماًnoun

1.
settlingboth
The act of settling in a place and not moving.
2.
lying downboth
The act of lying down heavily, like a bird or animal.

جاثمadjective

1.
settledboth
One who has settled in a place and is immobile.
2.
lying downboth
Lying down, especially on the chest, like a bird.
3.
fallenboth
Lying prostrate on the ground, often implying death or severe affliction.

جثومadjective

1.
settledboth
One who has settled in a place and is immobile.
2.
lying downboth
Lying down, especially on the chest, like a bird.
3.
fallenboth
Lying prostrate on the ground, often implying death or severe affliction.

جثمnoun

1.
gatheringclassical
A collection or heap of something, like mud or dust.

جثمةnoun

1.
heapclassical
A collection or heap of something, like mud, dust, or ash.
2.
hillockclassical
A small hill or mound.

جثامnoun

1.
nightmareboth
A heavy, oppressive feeling experienced during sleep, often preventing speech or movement.

جاثومnoun

1.
nightmareboth
A heavy, oppressive feeling experienced during sleep, often preventing speech or movement.

جثامةnoun

1.
dullardclassical
A slow-witted or stupid person.
2.
gentle leaderclassical
A calm and forbearing leader.
3.
sleepy personclassical
Someone who is very sleepy or prone to sleeping.
4.
nightmareclassical
A heavy, oppressive feeling experienced during sleep, often preventing speech or movement.

جثمانnoun

1.
bodyboth
The physical body of a person or animal.
2.
personboth
An individual person, sometimes used poetically.

جثمانيةnoun

1.
midst of waterclassical
The middle or heart of a body of water.

جثومnoun

1.
water sourceclassical
A name for a water source.
2.
hillclassical
A name for a hill or elevated ground.
3.
hillockclassical
A small hill or mound.

جثمnoun

1.
hillockclassical
A small hill or mound.

الصعب بن جثامةname

1.
a companionclassical
A companion of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

جثامة المزنيةname

1.
a female companionclassical
A female companion of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

جاثمadjective

1.
homebodyclassical
One who does not leave their home.

جثومadjective

1.
rabbitclassical
A rabbit, so named because it tends to stay in place.

مجثمةnoun

1.
trapped animalclassical
An animal that is trapped, especially one that is stoned to death.
2.
animal for sacrificeclassical
An animal prepared for sacrifice or ritual killing.

جثمواverb

1.
they settledboth
They settled down and stayed in place.

جثمواverb

1.
they lay downboth
They lay down heavily or pressed themselves to the ground.

تَجَثَّمَverb

1.
to mount (for mating)classical
Used for a male bird to mount a female for mating.

Parallel reading

جثم الإنسان والطائر والنعام والخشف والأرنب واليربوع يجثم ويجثم

Humans, birds, ostriches, fawns, rabbits, and jerboas settle down and lie down.

أي: لزم مكانه فلم يبرح، أو وقع على صدره وهو بمنزلة البروك للإبل

Meaning: they stayed in their place and did not move, or they fell on their chests, which is analogous to a camel kneeling.

إذا الكماة جثموا على الركب

When the brave men settled down upon their knees.

أو تلبد بالأرض وهو بعينه معنى لزم مكانه فلم يبرح

Or they pressed themselves to the ground, which is the same meaning as staying in place and not moving.

وإذا لمست لمست أخثم جاثما متحيرا بمكانه ملء اليد

And when you touch, you touch a firm, settled one, bewildered in his place, filling the hand.

فأصبحوا في دارهم جاثمين

And they woke up in their dwellings, lying prostrate.

أي: أصابهم البلاء فبركوا فيها

Meaning: affliction struck them, and they lay down in it.

والجاثم: البارك على رجليه كما يجثم الطير

And the one who is 'jathim' is one who kneels on his legs, just as a bird settles.

وجثم الليل جثوما؛ أي: انتصف

And the night reached its midpoint (jathuma juthuman); meaning: it became halfway through.

وجثم الزرع من حد ضرب: ارتفع عن الأرض شيئا واستقل نباته

And the crops grew tall (jathama) from the pattern of 'daraba': they rose a bit from the ground and their growth became established.

وهو جثم، بالفتح، ويحرك

And it is 'jathm', with a fatha, and it can be moved (vowelized).

جثم العذق جثوماً من حد نصر: عظم بسره شيئاً

The fruit cluster enlarged (jathama juthuman) from the pattern of 'nasara': its base swelled somewhat.

جثمت العذوق: عظمت فلزمت مكانها

The fruit clusters enlarged: they grew large and stayed in their place.

وهو جثم، بالفتح فقط

And it is 'jathm', with a fatha only.

جثم الطين والتراب والرماد: جمعه؛ وهي الجثمة، بالضم

Mud, dust, and ash gathered (jathama): it collected; and it is 'juthmah', with a damma.

الجثام، كغراب: الكابوس

Al-jatham, like 'ghurab': the nightmare.

وهو الذي يقع على الإنسان وهو نائم، كما في التهذيب

And it is that which falls upon a person while they are sleeping, as mentioned in Al-Tahdhib.

الجثام: الذي يقع بالليل على الرجل فلا يقدر أن يتكلم، وهو النيدلان، كالجاثوم

Al-jatham: that which falls at night upon a person, preventing them from speaking; it is the 'naydalan', like 'al-jathum'.

والجثامة: البليد

And 'al-jathamah': the dullard.

من أمر ذي بدوات لا تزال له بزلاء يعيا بها الجثامة اللبد

From the affair of one with peculiarities, who always has blunders that the dull, steadfast one is baffled by.

والجثامة: السيد الحليم

And 'al-jathamah': the gentle leader.

رجل جثامة؛ أي: نوام

A man is 'jathamah'; meaning: very sleepy.

لا يسافر كالجاثوم والجثمة، كهمزة وصرد

He does not travel, like 'al-jathum' and 'al-juthmah', like 'humazah' and 'surad'.

والجثمان، بالضم: الجسم

And 'al-juthman', with a damma: the body.

وأيضاً: الشخص

And also: the person.

أمون كدكان العبادي فوقها سنام كجثمان البنية أتلع

A she-camel like the stall of Al-Abadi, above it a hump like the body of the she-camel, tall.

يعني بالبنية: الكعبة، وهو شخص وليس بجسد

By 'al-bunyah', he means: the Kaaba, and it is a person, not just a body.

شبه سنام ناقته بجثمانها

He likened his camel's hump to its body.

ويقال: جاءنا بثريد كجثمان الطير

And it is said: He brought us broth like the body of a bird.

الجثمان: الجسمان

Al-juthman: the bodies.

ما أحسن جثمان الرجل وجسمانه

How beautiful is a man's body and his physique.

وقد دعوا لي أقواما وقد غسلوا بالسدر والماء جثماني وأطباقي

And people have called for me, and they have washed with lote and water my body and my platters.

الجثمان بمنزلة الجسمان جامع لكل شيء تريد به جسمه وألواحه

Al-juthman is like 'al-juthman' (bodies), encompassing everything you intend by its body and its frame.

وباتت بجثمانية الماء نيبها إلى ذات رحل كالمآتم حسرا

And her she-camels spent the night in the midst of the water, heading towards a rider, like mourning veils, exposed.

أرادت: الماء نفسه أو وسطه أو مجتمعه ومكانه

He meant: the water itself, or its middle, or its gathering place and location.

الجثوم، بالضم: ماء لهم، وقيل جبل

Al-juthum, with a damma: a water source for them, and it is said to be a mountain.

جبل يزيد على الجبال إذا بدا بين الربائع والجثوم مقيم

A mountain that surpasses mountains when it appears between the pastures, and Al-Juthum is steadfast.

الجثوم: الأكمة

Al-juthum: the hillock.

نهضت إليها من جثوم كأنها عجوز عليها هدمل ذات خيعل

I rose to it from a hillock, as if it were an old woman wearing a tattered garment.

كالجثمة، محركة

Like 'al-juthmah', movable (vowelized).

دارة الجثوم لبني الأضبط بن كلاب

Darra Al-Juthum belongs to Banu Al-Adhbut bin Kilab.

جاثم بن مريد الدلال، حدث عن أبيه عن أيوب السختياني

Jathim bin Murid Al-Dallal, narrated from his father, from Ayyub Al-Sakhtiyani.

تجثم الطير أنثاه: علاها للسفاد

A bird mounts its female (tajaththamu): it rises above her for mating.

والجاثمة: الذي لا يبرح بيته

And 'al-jathimah': one who does not leave their home.

والجثوم، كصبور: الأرنب لأنها تجثم

And 'al-juthum', like 'sabur': the rabbit, because it stays in place.

ومكانها مجثم

And its place is 'majthum'.

والمجثمة، كمعظمة: هي المصبورة إلا أنها في الطير خاصة، وفي الأرانب وأشباه ذلك، تجثم ثم ترمى حتى تقتل، وقد نهي عن ذلك

And 'al-majthamah', like 'ma'dhamah': it is the one that is stoned, except that it is specific to birds, and to rabbits and the like, where they settle and then are stoned to death, and this has been forbidden.

هي كل حيوان ينصب ويرمى ويقتل

It is every animal that is set up, stoned, and killed.

هي المحبوسة، فإذا فعلت هي من غير فعل أحد فهي جاثمة

It is the one that is confined; if it acts on its own without anyone's action, then it is 'jathimah'.

الشاة ترمى بالحجارة حتى تموت ثم تؤكل، قال: والشاة لا تجثم إنما الجثوم للطير ولكنه استعير

A sheep is stoned until it dies, then eaten. He said: A sheep does not 'jathum'; 'juthum' is for birds, but it is used metaphorically.

تروحن من هضب الجثوم وأصبحت هضاب شرورى دونه والمضيح

They returned from the slope of Al-Juthum and the slopes of Shurura became before it and Al-Madih.