Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)

This root describes a state of feeling unwell or nauseated due to overeating, particularly rich or fatty foods. It conveys a sense of fullness and discomfort that leads to a loss of appetite.

This root primarily concerns the cessation of fire or light, encompassing the act of extinguishing, being extinguished, and the state of being out. It can also metaphorically describe a state of decline or weakness, particularly in relation to old age.

This root describes the concept of adhering closely to something, particularly the ground or a surface. It conveys a sense of being stuck, clinging, or lying low.

This root primarily relates to concepts of distance, remoteness, and depth, particularly in the context of grazing land. It also extends to a specific tribal name and a type of sediment.

This root primarily concerns the sensation of thirst and its opposite. It extends to concepts of longing, the duration of thirst, and the time between watering animals.

This root primarily concerns the act of preparing, arranging, and making ready something, often with a sense of mixing or combining. It also extends to the meaning of a burden or load, and the act of caring or paying attention.

This root primarily discusses the shell of an egg, specifically the inner membrane or layer beneath the hard outer shell. It also touches upon the grammatical function of hamza (glottal stop) in certain words.

This root describes a person who hesitates or stutters when speaking. It specifically refers to a defect in speech characterized by repetition or difficulty in articulation.

This root primarily concerns the concept of continuous action or state, specifically 'to keep doing something' or 'to not cease'. It is often used in negative constructions to emphasize persistence.

The root فثء primarily denotes the act of calming, settling, or pacifying something that is agitated, boiling, or angry. It can also refer to subduing or breaking someone's spirit or anger, or causing something to subside.

This root primarily deals with the concept of suddenness, surprise, and unexpectedness. It describes something happening abruptly or without prior warning, often leading to astonishment.

This root primarily describes the process of something becoming worn out, torn, or decayed. It can also refer to the act of stretching or extending something until it breaks or tears.

This root primarily concerns the concept of spreading, becoming widespread, or expanding. It is often used in the context of diseases or general phenomena becoming prevalent within a population or area.

This root primarily relates to striking, crushing, and causing something to fall or be prostrated. It also extends to sexual intercourse and a physical characteristic of a camel's back.

The root فقء (f-q-') primarily relates to the act of bursting, splitting, or rupturing, often with a connotation of something emerging or being expelled. It can describe natural phenomena like clouds or plants splitting open, or physical actions like bursting a boil or an eye.

This root primarily concerns the concept of returning, both literally and figuratively. It extends to concepts of regaining, revenue, spoils of war, and the shifting of shade after the sun's zenith.

This root is a variant of the root قأب and relates to the act of eating and drinking.

This root primarily relates to cucumbers and their cultivation. It encompasses the plant itself, the place where it grows, and the state of having an abundance of it.

This root primarily concerns menstruation and purity cycles in women, but extends to concepts of time, gathering, reading, and religious devotion. It encompasses the menstrual period, the period of purity, and the transition between them, as well as the act of collecting or assembling things.

This root primarily deals with concepts of consumption, decay, and defect. It extends to meanings of corruption, shame, and even physical deterioration of objects or places.

This root primarily relates to the intense redness of something, particularly when dyed. It also extends to describe a shaded place that does not receive sunlight.

This root primarily concerns the act of vomiting. It also extends to related concepts like inducing vomiting, and metaphorically, to retracting or taking back something given.

This root primarily describes states of fear, weakness, and retreat. It also extends to meanings of gathering or crowding, often in a negative or chaotic context.

This root primarily describes the process of rising to the surface, foaming, or growing. It is applied to liquids like milk and boiling pots, as well as to the growth of hair or plants.

This root describes the state of plants or land that are slow to grow or develop. This slowness is often attributed to adverse conditions like cold weather or lack of water, causing the plant to be stunted or delayed in its growth.

This root primarily describes things that are elevated, layered, or rising. It extends to the foamy scum of boiling liquids and the upper layer of eggshells, suggesting a connection to rising or surface phenomena.

This root primarily relates to the concept of following, pursuing, or chasing after someone or something. It can also denote the act of retreating or turning one's back, particularly in the context of flight or pursuit.

This root primarily relates to the act of eating, particularly dry or cooked food. It also extends to the process of cooking or drying food to a state of dryness.

This root primarily concerns concepts of equivalence, matching, and substitution. It extends to actions of turning, diverting, or overturning, as well as the idea of being equal or comparable to something else. It also touches upon poetic and architectural terms related to structure and arrangement.

This root primarily concerns the concept of grass or herbage, and by extension, protection, guarding, and preservation. It also extends to meanings related to delay, postponement, and places of safety or refuge, particularly for ships.

This root primarily concerns truffles, specifically their appearance, collection, and abundance. It also extends metaphorically to concepts of aging and physical ailments like cracked or bare feet.

This root describes the state of being fearful, timid, and weak. It encompasses the feeling of apprehension towards something and the resulting cowardly disposition.

This root primarily relates to shining, gleaming, and sparkling, often used to describe light or precious objects. It also extends to describe the wagging of a tail.

This root primarily concerns the first milk produced by a female animal after giving birth, known as colostrum. It extends to the act of feeding or consuming this colostrum, and metaphorically to the initial stages of something. It also includes a distinct meaning related to the lioness.

This root primarily relates to the act of bringing or delivering something, often with a sense of force or directness. It extends to the act of looking intently, sexual intercourse, and childbirth, particularly the act of giving birth.

This root primarily concerns the concept of seeking refuge, shelter, or a place of safety. It extends to the idea of being compelled or forced into a situation, and also includes a specific historical name.

This root appears to relate to the concept of nurturing, caring for, or bringing forth offspring. It describes the act of tending to animals and the biological process of giving birth.

This root describes the act of adhering, sticking, or clinging to something. It conveys a sense of being attached or fixed in place, often to a surface.

This root primarily relates to the act of peeling, stripping, or flaying something, whether it be skin from an animal, bark from a tree, or clouds from the sky. It also extends to the concept of a piece of meat without bone.

This root primarily deals with the concept of striking or hitting something forcefully. It also extends to the idea of delaying or hesitating in an action.

This root primarily concerns the concept of encompassing, covering, or concealing something. It extends to the idea of something being completely taken or gone, and metaphorically, to the change or fading of a person's complexion.

This root appears to relate to the act of striking or hitting, particularly with an object like a stick. It also has a secondary meaning related to stretching or extending, specifically in the context of a rope.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being foolish, mad, or acting in a lewd and unrestrained manner. It describes a state of mental derangement or a lack of proper conduct, often implying a loss of reason or inhibition.

This root primarily concerns the concept of fullness, being filled, or filling something up. It extends to related ideas such as abundance, capacity, and even the state of being trustworthy or having good character.

This root primarily concerns the process and result of tanning hides. It describes the initial stage of a tanned skin, the act of soaking a hide for tanning, and the place where tanning occurs.

This root primarily concerns the concept of weakness, feebleness, and lack of resolve. It extends to meanings of confusion, mixing things up without proper completion, and also the act of restraining or holding back someone from an action.

This root primarily concerns the concept of news, information, and communication, particularly divine revelation. It extends to related ideas like appearing, emerging, and the act of informing or being informed.