Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)
9,667 root entries translated · page 114 of 194
- وبغ6 lemmaslisan_005401
This root primarily relates to concepts of defect, blemish, and criticism. It also extends to specific ailments and bodily functions, as well as place names.
وَبَغَ — to criticizeالْوَبَغ — diseaseأَوْبَغ — place nameالْوَبَاغَة — anusبَاغَتَكَ — to fart - وتغ17 lemmaslisan_005402
The root 'وتغ' primarily denotes destruction, ruin, and perishing, often with connotations of moral corruption or sin. It can also refer to pain, illness, and making a mistake or error, particularly in speech or judgment.
الوَتَغ — destructionوتغ — to perishيوتَغ — to be destroyedوَتْغًا — destructionأوتَغَهُ — to destroy - وثغ5 lemmaslisan_005403
This root primarily relates to the concept of a step, platform, or raised structure, particularly in the context of animal husbandry. It also extends to describe a mixture or blend, especially of tender grasses.
الوَثِيغَة — Step for a she-camelوَثَغَهَا — To make a step forيَثِغُهَا — To make a step for (present)وَثْغًا — Making a stepوَثِيخَة — Mixture of grasses - وزغ13 lemmaslisan_005404
The root وزغ (w-z-gh) primarily relates to small reptiles, specifically lizards, and their characteristics. It extends to concepts of forming or taking shape, intermittent expulsion, and trembling or shaking.
الوِزَغ — Lizardالوِزَغَة — Lizardأَوْزَاغ — Lizardsوِزْغَان — Lizardsإِزْغَان — Lizards - وشغ13 lemmaslisan_005405
This root primarily deals with concepts of smallness, scarcity, and sometimes, by extension, being tainted or stained. It also touches upon the act of administering medicine and a specific type of camel's gait.
الْوُشُوغ — medicine administeredأَوْشَغَ — to administer medicineوَشَغٌ — small, scarceالْوَشِيغ — small, scarceإِيشَاغ — scarcity, small amount - ولغ13 lemmaslisan_005406
This root primarily describes the act of lapping or drinking with the tongue, especially by animals like dogs and wild beasts. It extends to the substance being drunk, such as water or blood, and also refers to the vessel used for this action. Figuratively, it can denote a lack of shame or concern.
وَلَغَ — to lapوُلُوغ — lappingأَوْلَغَ — to make (an animal) lapمِيلَغ — lapping vesselمِيلَغَة — lapping vessel - ومغ1 lemmalisan_005407
This root appears to relate to the concept of long or prominent hair, specifically a long hair.
الْوَمْغَة — long hair - ءثف14 lemmaslisan_005408
This root primarily concerns the stones used to support a cooking pot, and by extension, concepts of support, surrounding, and following. It extends to meanings of steadfastness, cooperation, and being surrounded or overtaken.
الأَثْفِيَّة — tripod stoneالإِثْفِيَّة — group of peopleأَثْفَى — to place tripod stonesثَفِيَ — to place pot on stonesتَأَثَّفَ — to settle in a place - ءدف8 lemmaslisan_005409
This root primarily relates to the male sexual organ, its presence, and its function. It also extends to the concept of dripping or oozing, particularly of fat or oil.
الأداف — male organأولج — to insertكعثب — vulvaيمتطي — to rideالنطاف — drops - ءذف2 lemmaslisan_005410
This root appears to relate to the concept of mentioning or recalling something, possibly with a nuance of deliberate or significant remembrance. It is linked to the act of speaking about or bringing something to mind.
أَدْفَ — to mentionذِكْر — mention - ءرف9 lemmaslisan_005411
This root primarily concerns the concepts of marking, defining, and dividing boundaries, whether physical land boundaries, limits of time, or even the separation between things. It extends to the act of partitioning and designating these limits.
الأرفة — Boundary markerأرف — Boundariesأرف الدار والأرض — To divide and mark landأرف — To divide and markتأريفا — Dividing and marking - ءزف11 lemmaslisan_005412
This root primarily concerns the concept of approaching, drawing near, or hastening. It extends to the idea of something being imminent, particularly the Day of Judgment, and can also describe a person who is hasty or a short, weak, or cowardly individual. It also relates to close proximity in space or movement.
أَزِفَ — to approachيَأْزِفُ — approachesأَزْفًا — approachingأُزُوفًا — approachingالآزِفَة — the approaching (event) - ءسف24 lemmaslisan_005413
This root primarily concerns intense emotions like grief, anger, and regret. It also extends to concepts of haste, sensitivity, and even specific historical or religious references.
الأسف — intense grief and angerأسف — to grieve intenselyأسف — grievingأسفان — grievingآسف — grieving - ءشف3 lemmaslisan_005414
This root primarily relates to the tools used by a cobbler. The main derived term refers to the awl or a similar pointed instrument used for piercing leather.
إِشْفَى — cobbler's awlإِشْفَى — pointed toolأَشَافِي — awls - ءصف4 lemmaslisan_005415
This root appears to relate to plants, specifically a type of vegetation growing at the base of a larger plant, and also to a proper name associated with a biblical figure.
الأَصَف — plant nameاللَّصِف — plant nameالكِبْر — plant nameآصِف — Prophet Solomon's scribe - ءفف0 lemmaslisan_005416
- ءكف11 lemmaslisan_005417
This root primarily concerns the 'ikāf', a type of saddle or pack for animals, particularly donkeys and mules. It also covers the actions of making, placing, or fitting such a saddle onto an animal.
الإِكَاف — Saddle, packالأَكَاف — Saddle, packآكِفَة — Plural of 'ikāf'أَكْف — Plural of 'ikāf'أَكُفّ — Plural of 'ikāf' - ءلف27 lemmaslisan_005418
This root primarily concerns the concept of 'thousand' as a number, but extends to related ideas of familiarity, companionship, bringing together, and completion. It encompasses both the numerical value and the abstract notions of bonding and habituation.
أَلْف — thousandآلِف — group of a thousandأَلُوف — thousandsأَلِفَ — to be familiar withأَلِف — familiar one - ءنف0 lemmaslisan_005419_part_1
- ءنف9 lemmaslisan_005419_part_2
This root primarily relates to the nose, specifically the prominent or upper part of it. It extends to concepts of nobility, superiority, and being at the forefront, often metaphorically. It also encompasses terms for specific tribes or groups associated with this concept.
أَنَفَ — to be high-nosedأَنَفٌ — noseأُنُوفٌ — prominent nosesأَنِفٌّ — proudأَنَفَةٌ — pride - ءوف17 lemmaslisan_005420
This root primarily concerns afflictions, calamities, or defects that befall something, causing corruption or damage. It extends to the concept of something being afflicted or corrupted, and also to the act of entering into or experiencing such a calamity.
الآفة — Calamity, afflictionآفة — Calamity, afflictionمؤوف — Afflicted, struck by calamityمأووف — Afflicted, struck by calamityإيف — To be afflicted - تءف5 lemmaslisan_005421
This root appears to relate to the concept of time, specifically a particular moment or occasion. It also carries a secondary meaning of vigor or liveliness.
تَفْئَة — moment, timeتَفْعَلَة — moment, timeأَفَفْتُ — to come, to arriveإِفَان — beginning, startتِئْفَان — vigor, liveliness - تحف13 lemmaslisan_005422
This root primarily concerns gifts, presents, and things offered to someone, often implying rarity or specialness. It extends to the idea of something delightful or pleasing, but can also encompass something that annoys or troubles, especially in a figurative sense related to hardship or difficulty.
التُحْفَة — rare giftتُحْفَة — rare giftتُحَف — giftsأَتْحَفَ — to present with a giftاتَّحَفَ — to present with a gift - ترف10 lemmaslisan_005423
The root ترف (tarifa) primarily concerns concepts of luxury, comfort, and abundance. It extends to meanings of being pampered, spoiled, and living a life of ease, often to the point of excess or indulgence.
التَّرَف — Luxury, comfortالتَّرْفَة — Blessing, bountyتَتْرِيف — Good nourishmentمُتَرَف — Pampered, spoiledأَتْرَفَ — To spoil, indulge - تفف14 lemmaslisan_005424
This root primarily concerns dirt, grime, and filth, particularly under fingernails and in ears. It extends to concepts of scarcity, insignificance, and something small or contemptible. It also includes derived terms for small creatures and a person who begs for meager amounts.
التُفّ — dirt under fingernailsالأفّ — earwaxالتتفيف — accumulation of dirtالتأفيف — accumulation of earwaxأفّ — to say 'af' - تلف11 lemmaslisan_005425
This root primarily concerns destruction, ruin, and perishing. It extends to concepts of loss, waste, and places that lead to destruction. It also touches upon the idea of something being inherently destructive or prone to ruin.
تَلِفَ — to perishتَلَفٌ — destructionتَلِفٌ — perishedأتْلَفَ — to destroyإتْلَافٌ — destruction - تنف5 lemmaslisan_005426
This root primarily concerns the concept of a vast, desolate, and remote expanse of land, often characterized by its emptiness, lack of water, and extreme distance. It can also refer to a specific place name derived from this concept.
التنوفة — Desert, wastelandتنائف — Deserts, wastelandsالتنوفية — Desert, wastelandتنوفى — Tanufah (place name)تنوفاء — Tanufah (place name) - توف8 lemmaslisan_005427
This root primarily relates to concepts of slowness, delay, and deficiency, often in the context of action or perception. It can also describe a specific type of prolonged or fixed gaze.
تَوِيفَة — slowness, delayتُوفَة — flaw, defectتَافِه — flawed, defectiveتَاطَأَ — to be slow, to delayتَاطُف — to gaze fixedly - ثطف2 lemmaslisan_005428
This root appears to relate to a state of well-being, comfort, and abundance, particularly concerning sustenance and rest. It signifies a pleasant and enjoyable condition of life.
الثطف — Well-beingثطف — To be in a state of well-being - ثقف16 lemmaslisan_005429
This root primarily concerns the concepts of skillfulness, quickness of understanding, and proficiency. It extends to meanings of capturing, overcoming, and straightening or making something sound, particularly in the context of weapons and tools.
ثَقِفَ — to be skillfulثَقَفَ — to be skillfulثَقُفَ — to be skillfulثَقَافَة — skillfulnessثَقَافٌ — skillfulness - جءف13 lemmaslisan_005430
This root primarily relates to the concepts of being thrown down, struck, or felled. It also extends to meanings of fear, panic, and being hollowed out or falling.
جَأَفَهُ — to strike downجَأْفًا — striking downاجْتَأَفَهُ — to strike downاجْتَأَفَ — to be struck downمُجَأَفًا — struck down - جترف1 lemmalisan_005431
This root appears to be related to geographical locations, specifically a region or district within a larger area. It is used to denote a specific place name.
جَتْرَف — Jatraf - جحف16 lemmaslisan_005432
The root جحف (j-ḥ-f) primarily relates to the act of stripping, scraping, or removing something completely. This can apply to physical substances like water, earth, or food, as well as abstract concepts like life or wealth. It also extends to meanings of approaching, nearing, or being in close proximity, and can denote severe hardship or destruction.
جَحَفَ — to strip, scrape offجَحْفٌ — stripping, scrapingالمَجَاحَفَةُ — scooping, gatheringجُحَافٌ — sweeping floodجَحَّافٌ — sweeping, destructive - جخف17 lemmaslisan_005433
This root primarily denotes arrogance, boasting, and excessive pride. It also extends to meanings related to the sound of breathing during sleep, the chest cavity, and a large quantity.
جَخَفَ — to be arrogantجَخْفًا — arroganceجَخَافًا — arroganceجَخِيفًا — arroganceجَخِيف — arrogant - جدف24 lemmaslisan_005434
The root جدف (j-d-f) primarily relates to the concept of cutting, shortening, or restricting. This extends to physical actions like cutting wings, rowing a boat with oars (مجداف), and also metaphorical senses like cutting off blessings (disbelief) or being short in stature. It also encompasses notions of restricted movement or limited quantity.
جَدَفَ — to cutجَدْفٌ — cuttingجُدُوفٌ — shortness of wingsمِجْدَافٌ — oarمَجْدُوفٌ — short - جذف8 lemmaslisan_005435
This root primarily relates to the concept of cutting or severing, particularly limbs or parts. It also extends to meanings of rapid movement, especially in the context of wings or walking, and is used metaphorically for a whip.
جَذَفَ — to cut offجَذْفًا — cutting offمَجْذُوف — limblessمَجْدُوف — cut offجَذَفَ الطائرُ — to flap wings rapidly - جرف26 lemmaslisan_005436
The root جرف (j-r-f) primarily denotes the act of scraping, eroding, or sweeping away, often by water or a tool. It extends to concepts of taking a large amount, destruction, and even specific types of landforms or diseases.
جَرَفَ — to scrape offاجْتَرَفَ — to scrape offالمِجْرَف — scraperالمِجْرَفَة — shovelبنان مجرف — greedy eater - جزف7 lemmaslisan_005437
This root primarily concerns the concept of taking or selling something in bulk, without precise measurement or weighing. It implies a degree of estimation, speculation, or even a lack of exact knowledge regarding quantity, often associated with a more casual or less precise transaction.
جَزَفَ — to take in bulkالجَزْف — taking in bulkجَزَافًا — in bulkجَزَاف — bulk sale/purchaseالجَزَافَة — bulk sale/purchase - جعف13 lemmaslisan_005438
This root primarily deals with the concept of throwing down, overthrowing, or uprooting. It extends to meanings of scarcity, a specific location, and tribal names from Yemen.
جَعَفَهُ — to throw downجَعْفًا — overthrowانْجَعَفَ — to be thrown downمُنْجَعِف — overthrownالجَعْف — severe fall - جفف0 lemmaslisan_005439
- جلف35 lemmaslisan_005440
The root جلف primarily relates to the act of peeling, scraping, or stripping away a surface layer, often of skin, bark, or even wealth. It extends to concepts of being stripped bare, empty, or ruined, and can describe a rough, unrefined, or foolish person, akin to an empty vessel or a stripped animal carcass.
جَلَفَ — to peelجَلْف — peelingجِلْفَة — peeled partجَلِيفَة — great hardshipجَالِفَة — calamitous year - جلنف1 lemmalisan_005441
This root appears to describe something barren, desolate, or lacking sustenance. It is associated with dry, unappetizing food and a lack of provisions.
جُلُنْفَاة — barren land - جنف16 lemmaslisan_005442
This root primarily concerns the concept of deviation, leaning, or inclining away from a straight path, fairness, or correctness. It can refer to physical crookedness, moral injustice, or a deviation in judgment or speech. The root also extends to the idea of walking with a swagger or pride.
جَنَفَ — to deviate, to inclineالجَنَفُ — deviation, injusticeجَنَفٌ — deviation, injusticeجَنِفٌ — deviating, unjustأَجْنَفَ — to deviate, to incline - جندف4 lemmaslisan_005443
This root describes individuals or animals characterized by shortness and stoutness, often with a coarse or unrefined physical build. It can also refer to a specific gait associated with short stature.
الجَنْدَف — short and stout personالجَنَادِف — coarse, stout peopleجُنَادِف — short and stoutجُنَادِفَة — stout (female) - جوف0 lemmaslisan_005444
- جيف9 lemmaslisan_005445
This root primarily concerns the state of a dead body, specifically its decay and foul odor. It extends to describe things that are putrid, stagnant, or morally corrupt, often in a negative or condemnatory context.
الجِيفَة — corpseجَافَتْ — to become putridاجْتَافَتْ — to become putridانجَافَتْ — to become putridتَجْيِيفًا — becoming putrid - حتف8 lemmaslisan_005446
This root primarily concerns death, destruction, and doom. It encompasses various ways of dying, often emphasizing a sudden or natural end, and can extend to the concept of fate or inevitable demise.
الحَتْف — deathحُتُوف — deathsحتف أنفه — died naturallyحتف فيه — died naturallyحتف أنفيه — died naturally - حترف3 lemmaslisan_005447
This root appears to relate to striving, working hard, and enduring hardship, particularly in the context of providing for one's family. It encompasses the idea of being diligent and persevering in one's efforts.
حَتَرَفَ — to strive diligentlyمُحْتَرِفٌ — diligent workerحَتْرُوفٌ — struggling provider - حثرف3 lemmaslisan_005448
This root appears to describe roughness, redness, and scattering or destabilization. It is primarily used in classical Arabic with limited modern application.
الحَثْرَفَة — Roughness and redness of the eyeتَحَثْرَفَ — to scatterحَثْرَفَ — to destabilize - حجف11 lemmaslisan_005449
This root primarily describes a type of shield made from leather, often from camel hides. It also extends to related concepts of defense, confrontation, and even physical ailments related to the stomach and digestion.
الحَجْف — Shieldحِجْفَة — Shield (singular)حِجَف — Shields (plural)حَاجَفَ — To confrontمُحَاجَفَة — Confrontation