جدف

Root entry · 24 derived lemmas

The root جدف (j-d-f) primarily relates to the concept of cutting, shortening, or restricting. This extends to physical actions like cutting wings, rowing a boat with oars (مجداف), and also metaphorical senses like cutting off blessings (disbelief) or being short in stature. It also encompasses notions of restricted movement or limited quantity.

Derived headwords

جَدَفَverb

1.
to cutboth
To cut something, implying a severing or shortening.
2.
to be shortclassical
Describing something as being short or stunted, particularly in reference to wings.
3.
to rowboth
To propel a boat using oars.
4.
to be shortclassical
To walk with short steps, like a short person.
5.
to be shortclassical
To walk quickly.
6.
to cutclassical
To cut or sever something.
7.
to disbelieveboth
To be ungrateful for blessings or to deny them.

جَدْفٌnoun

1.
cuttingclassical
The act of cutting or severing.
2.
shortnessclassical
The state of being short, especially referring to wings.
3.
graveboth
A grave or tomb.
4.
uncovered drinkclassical
A drink that has been left uncovered.
5.
plantclassical
A type of plant from Yemen that satisfies thirst.

جُدُوفٌnoun

1.
shortness of wingsclassical
The condition of a bird having short wings, causing it to fly awkwardly.

مِجْدَافٌnoun

1.
oarboth
A wooden pole with a broad blade used for rowing a boat.
2.
neckclassical
The neck, used metaphorically.
3.
whipclassical
A whip, particularly a type used in Najran.

مَجْدُوفٌadjective

1.
shortclassical
Describing someone or something as short, like a short hand or garment.
2.
restrictedclassical
Describing a life that is difficult or restricted.
3.
cutclassical
Cut or severed.

تَجْدِيفٌnoun

1.
disbeliefboth
The act of disbelieving or being ungrateful for blessings.
2.
rowingboth
The act of rowing a boat.

أَجْدَفُadjective

1.
shortclassical
Short in stature.

جَدَّفَverb

1.
to rowboth
To row a boat.
2.
to disbelieveboth
To be ungrateful for blessings.

جَدَفَverb

1.
to cutclassical
To cut something.

جَدَفَverb

1.
to be shortclassical
To be short, referring to a bird's wings.

جَدَفَverb

1.
to walk shortclassical
To walk with short steps.

جَدَفَverb

1.
to walk fastclassical
To walk quickly.

جَذَفَverb

1.
to cutclassical
To cut something.

جَذَفَverb

1.
to throwclassical
To throw something, like snow.

جُذُوفٌnoun

1.
cuttingclassical
The act of cutting.

مَجْذُوفٌadjective

1.
cutclassical
Cut or severed.

جَدَفَverb

1.
to cutclassical
To cut something.

جَدَفَverb

1.
to be restrictedclassical
To have a restricted or difficult life.

أَجْدَافٌnoun

1.
gravesboth
Plural of جدف (grave).

جَدَفٌnoun

1.
uncovered drinkclassical
A drink that is not covered.

جَدَفٌnoun

1.
plantclassical
A plant that quenches thirst.

جَدَافَىnoun

1.
bootyclassical
Spoils of war or plunder.

جَدَافَاةٌnoun

1.
bootyclassical
Spoils of war or plunder.

جَدَافَاءٌnoun

1.
bootyclassical
Spoils of war or plunder.

Parallel reading

جدف الطائر يجدف جدوفا إذا كان مقصوص الجناحين فرأيته إذا طار كأنه يردهما إلى خلفه

A bird rows (flies awkwardly) if its wings are clipped, and you see it when it flies as if it's pulling them back.

وأنشد ابن بري للفرزدق: ولو كنت أخشى خالدا أن يروعني، ... لطرت بواف ريشه غير جادف

And Ibn Bri recited for Al-Farazdaq: And if I feared Khalid would frighten me, ... I would have flown with a full-feathered bird, not one with clipped wings.

وقيل: هو أن يكسر من جناحه شيئا ثم يميل عند الفرق من الصقر؛ قال: تناقض بالأشعار صقرا مدربا، ... وأنت حبارى خيفة الصقر تجدف

And it is said: It is when a part of its wing is broken, then it tilts when it fears a trained falcon; he said: You have contradicted with poetry a trained falcon, ... while you are a bustard fearing the falcon, rowing (flying awkwardly).

والمصدر من جدف الطائر الجدف، وجناحا الطائر مجدافاه، ومنه سمي مجداف السفينة.

And the masdar from a bird rowing is 'al-jadf', and the bird's wings are its 'mijdafayn', and from this the ship's oar is named.

ومجداف السفينة، بالدال والذال جميعا، لغتان فصيحتان.

And the ship's oar, with both dal and dhal, are two eloquent languages.

مجداف السفينة خشبة في رأسها لوح عريض تدفع بها، مشتق من جدف الطائر، وقد جدف الملاح السفينة يجدف جدفا.

The ship's oar is a wooden plank at its head with a wide board used to push it, derived from the bird's rowing, and the sailor rows the ship, rowing with an oar.

جدف الطائر وجدف الملاح بالمجداف، وهو المردي والمقذف والمقذاف.

The bird rows and the sailor rows with the oar, which is the 'al-murdī', 'al-maqdhūf', and 'al-miqdhāf'.

جدفت السماء بالثلج وجذفت تجذف إذا رمت به.

The sky threw snow and it threw, throwing when it aimed with it.

والأجدف: القصير؛ وأنشد: محب لصغراها، بصير بنسلها، ... حفيظ لأخراها، حنيف أجدف

And 'al-ajdaf' is short; and he recited: Loving its young, knowledgeable of its offspring, ... watchful of its future, a short, upright man.

والمجداف: العنق، على التشبيه؛ قال: بأتلع المجداف ذيال الذنب

And 'al-mijdaf': the neck, by way of simile; he said: With a long-necked one, trailing its tail.

والمجداف: السوط، لغة نجرانية؛ عن الأصمعي؛ قال المثقب العبدي: تكاد إن حرك مجدافها، ... تنسل من مثناتها

And 'al-mijdaf': the whip, a Najrani dialect; from Al-Asma'i; Al-Muthqab Al-Abdi said: If you move its whip, it almost... slips from its straps.

ورجل مجدوف اليد والقميص والإزار: قصيرها؛ قال ساعدة بن جؤية: كحاشية المجدوف زين ليطها، ... من النبع، أزر حاشك وكتوم

And a man with a short hand, shirt, and loincloth: its shortness; Sa'idah bin Ju'ayyah said: Like the edge of the short one, adorning its hem, ... from the Naba' tree, your shirt and cloak.

وجدفت المرأة تجدف: مشت مشي القصار.

And the woman walked 'tajdif': she walked like short people.

وجدف الرجل في مشيته: أسرع، بالدال؛ عن الفارسي، فأما أبو عبيد فذكرها مع جدف الطائر وجدف الإنسان فقال في الإنسان: هذه بالذال، وصرح الفارسي بخلافه كما أريتك فقال بالدال غير المعجمة.

And the man hurried in his walk: he sped up, with dal; from Al-Farsi, but Abu Ubaid mentioned it with the bird's rowing and the human's rowing, and he said about the human: this is with dhal, and Al-Farsi explicitly stated otherwise as I showed you, saying it is with the unpointed dal.

والجدف: القطع. وجدف الشيء جدفا: قطعه؛ قال الأعشى: قاعدا عنده الندامى، فما ينفك ... يؤتى بموكر مجدوف

And 'al-jadf': cutting. And he cut the thing 'jadfan': he cut it; Al-A'sha said: Sitting with the companions, he is constantly... brought a cut-down roost.

وإنه لمجدوف «2» عليه العيش أي مضيق عليه.

And indeed, his life is 'majduf' (restricted), meaning it is difficult for him.

والمجذوف الزق، وأنشد بيت الأعشى هذا، وقال: ومجدوف، بالجيم وبالدال وبالذال، قال: ومعناهما المقطوع، قال: ورواه أبو عبيد مندوف، قال: وأما محذوف فما رواه غير الليث.

And 'al-majdhuf' is the waterskin, and he recited this verse of Al-A'sha, and said: And 'majduf', with jim, dal, and dhal, he said: and their meaning is cut, he said: and Abu Ubaid narrated it as 'manduf', he said: as for 'mahzuf', only Al-Layth narrated it.

والتجديف: هو الكفر بالنعم. يقال منه: جدف يجدف تجديفا.

And 'al-tajdif': it is the disbelief in blessings. It is said from it: 'jadafa yajdifu tajdifan'.

وجدف الرجل بنعمة الله: كفرها ولم يقنع بها.

And the man was ungrateful for God's blessing: he disbelieved it and was not content with it.

وفي الحديث: شر الحديث التجديف ، قال أبو عبيد: يعني كفر النعمة واستقلال ما أنعم الله عليك؛ وأنشد: ولكني صبرت، ولم أجدف، ... وكان الصبر غاية أولينا

And in the hadith: The worst speech is 'al-tajdif' (disbelief), said Abu Ubaid: meaning disbelief in blessings and deeming God's favors upon you as insignificant; and he recited: But I was patient, and did not disbelieve, ... and patience was the ultimate goal of our predecessors.

وفي الحديث: لا تجدفوا بنعمة الله أي لا تكفروها وتستقلوها.

And in the hadith: Do not disbelieve in God's blessings, meaning do not disbelieve them and deem them insignificant.

والجدف: القبر، والجمع أجداف، وكرهها بعضهم وقال: لا جمع للجدف لأنه قد ضعف بالإبدال فلم يتصرف.

And 'al-jadf': the grave, and the plural is 'ajdaf', and some disliked it and said: 'al-jadf' has no plural because it has been weakened by substitution and thus not conjugated.

الجدف القبر وهو إبدال الجدث والعرب تعقب بين الفاء والثاء في اللغة فيقولون جدث وجدف، وهي الأجداث والأجداف.

Al-Jadf is the grave, and it is a substitution for 'al-jadath', and the Arabs alternate between fa' and tha' in the language, so they say 'jadath' and 'jadf', and they are 'al-ajdath' and 'al-ajdaf'.

والجدف من الشراب: ما لم يغط.

And 'al-jadf' of a drink: that which is not covered.

قال: فما كان شرابهم؟ قال: الجدف ، وتفسيره في الحديث أنه ما لا يغطى من الشراب؛ قال أبو عمرو: الجدف لم أسمعه إلا في هذا الحديث وما جاء إلا وله أصل، ولكن ذهب من كان يعرفه ويتكلم به كما قد ذهب من كلامهم شيء كثير.

He said: And what was their drink? He said: 'Al-jadf', and its interpretation in the hadith is that which is not covered from the drink; Abu Amr said: I have not heard 'al-jadf' except in this hadith, and nothing comes without a basis, but those who knew and spoke it have passed away, just as much of their speech has passed away.

وقال بعضهم: الجدف من الجدف وهو القطع كأنه أراد ما يرمى به من الشراب من زبد أو رغوة أو قذى كأنه قطع من الشراب فرمي به؛ قال ابن الأثير: كذا حكاه الهروي عن القتيبي والذي جاء في صحاح الجوهري أن القطع هو الجذف، بالذال المعجمة، ولم يذكره في المهملة، وأثبته الأزهري فيهما وقد فسر أيضا بالنبات الذي يكون باليمن لا يحتاج آكله إلى شرب ماء.

And some of them said: 'Al-jadf' is from 'al-jadf' which is cutting, as if he meant what is thrown from the drink, like foam or dregs, as if it were cut from the drink and thrown away; Ibn Al-Athir said: Thus Al-Harawi narrated it from Al-Qutaybi, and what came in Sahih Al-Jawahiri is that cutting is 'al-jadhf', with the dotted dhal, and he did not mention it in the unpointed one, and Al-Azhari affirmed it in both, and it was also interpreted as a plant that grows in Yemen whose eater does not need to drink water.

الجدف نبات يكون باليمن تأكله الإبل فتجزأ به عن الماء، وقال كراع: لا يحتاج مع أكله إلى شرب ماء؛ قال ابن بري: وعليه قول جرير: كانوا إذا جعلوا في صيرهم بصلا، ... ثم اشتووا كنعدا من مالح، جدفوا

Al-Jadf is a plant that grows in Yemen, which camels eat and it suffices them from water, and Kara' said: they do not need to drink water with it; Ibn Bri said: And on this is the saying of Jarir: They used to put onions in their waterskins, ... then roast them like salted fish, they ate 'jadif'.

والجدافى، مقصور: الغنيمة.

And 'al-jaddafi', shortened: the booty.

أبو عمرو: الجدافاة الغنيمة؛ وأنشد: قد أتانا رامعا قبراه، ... لا يعرف الحق وليس يهواه، كان لنا، لما أتى، جدافاه

Abu Amr: 'Al-jaddafah' is the booty; and he recited: Rame' came to us, his grave, ... he does not know the truth and does not love it, it was ours, when it came, its booty.

ابن الأعرابي: الجدافاء والغنامى والغنمى والهبالة والإبالة والحواسة والحباسة.

Ibn Al-Arabi: 'Al-jaddafa', 'al-ghannama', 'al-ghanmi', 'al-hibalah', 'al-ibalah', 'al-hawwasah', and 'al-habbasah'.