Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)

This root appears to relate to small, crawling creatures, specifically a type of insect or small animal. The primary lemma describes a specific insect, possibly a beetle or ant-like creature.

The root 'حذف' primarily denotes cutting off or removing a portion from something, often from the edge or tip. This concept extends to trimming, shortening, striking, throwing, and even refers to specific types of small animals or objects.

The root 'حرف' primarily denotes edges, sides, and boundaries. This extends to abstract concepts like aspects of a situation, linguistic variations, and the act of deviating or changing something. It also encompasses terms related to livelihood, craftsmanship, and hardship.

The root 'حرف' primarily relates to edges, sides, and boundaries, extending to concepts of livelihood, trade, and craftsmanship. It also encompasses notions of deviation, inclination, and measurement, particularly in the context of wounds and character.

This root primarily describes a cold and harsh wind, often associated with dryness and intensity. It can also describe a night characterized by such a wind.

The root 'حرشف' primarily denotes smallness, immaturity, or a scaly/overlapping texture. It extends to refer to young locusts before their wings develop, small creatures in general, and by extension, weak or young people. It also describes scaly elements like fish scales, certain plants, and decorative elements on weapons.

This root primarily concerns the hip bone, specifically the upper part of the hip joint where the thigh bone connects. It also extends to describe extreme emaciation in animals and, in a less certain usage, a short woman.

This root primarily concerns the idea of remnants, residue, or what is left behind, often of poor quality or discarded. It extends to concepts of scraping, peeling, or cleaning away such remnants, and metaphorically to being base, ignoble, or harboring ill feelings.

The root حشف primarily denotes something dry, shriveled, withered, or of poor quality. It extends to describe spoiled dates, shrunken udders, worn-out clothes, and even a shriveled glans. Figuratively, it can refer to a state of poverty or distress.

This root primarily concerns concepts of solidity, firmness, and completeness, often applied to intellect, judgment, and physical objects. It also extends to meanings of closeness, gathering, and intense action, as well as a specific type of skin eruption.

This root primarily describes something that is large, bulky, or bent, often referring to a large belly or a bent object. It can also denote a type of person or animal with such characteristics.

This root primarily describes things that are bent, crooked, or elongated, particularly in the context of sand dunes and geographical features. It extends to describe animals or objects that are bent or lying down, and metaphorically, a person who enters a place.

This root appears to describe a state of weakness, slackness, or inability to perform tasks effectively. It relates to a lack of firmness or vigor in action.

This root describes extreme crookedness or bending. It is used to denote something that is excessively bent, contorted, or warped, often to the point of being unnatural or difficult to straighten.

The root حنف primarily relates to a deviation or inclination, particularly in the feet, causing them to turn inward. This physical characteristic extends metaphorically to a deviation from a course, whether towards good or evil, and ultimately defines the concept of 'Hanafi' as someone inclined towards the truth or Islam.

This root primarily relates to plucking or pulling, particularly in the context of locusts and personal grooming. It also appears as a proper name derived from these meanings.

This root primarily refers to anatomical parts of the hip and ribs, specifically the upper parts or extremities. It also extends to describe a small creature.

The root حوف (ḥwf) primarily relates to the concept of a side, edge, or boundary. Derived meanings extend to approaching or diminishing something from its side, visiting, and various objects or states associated with edges or sides, including specific garments, a type of saddle, and even a village or location.

This root primarily concerns deviation from fairness, justice, and equality. It encompasses concepts of bias, injustice, and unfair distribution, particularly in legal judgments and inheritance. It also extends to meanings related to sides, edges, and diminishing something.

This root appears to relate to a specific plant, Rue (Sadhāb), particularly a variety known as Yemeni Rue. The entry is very brief and primarily identifies this plant.

This root appears to relate to concepts of flightiness, arrogance, and perhaps a certain type of woman. The derived terms suggest a connection to being light, boastful, and potentially haughty.

This root primarily relates to quick, short-paced movement, snatching, and cutting. It also extends to specific nautical and textile terms.

The root خذف (kh-dh-f) primarily relates to the act of throwing small objects, particularly pebbles or date pits, with the fingers or a simple projectile device. It extends to meanings of cutting, rapid movement, and specific anatomical or animalistic descriptions.

This root primarily relates to rapid movement, particularly of limbs or in running. It also describes a spinning toy, a type of plant, and a state of being well-disposed or worn out.

This root primarily relates to rough, coarse, or uneven ground, often with a connotation of being difficult to traverse. It can also refer to specific geographical locations characterized by such terrain.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being short or stunted, possibly with connotations of being stout or thickset. It is primarily used to describe physical stature.

This root primarily relates to concepts of abundance, particularly in milk and flesh, often applied to female camels. It also extends to the fruit of thorny trees and, metaphorically, to striking with a sword.

This root primarily relates to pottery and ceramics, specifically items made from fired clay. It also extends to meanings of swiftness, piercing, and tearing.

This root appears to describe a state of weakness, instability, or excessive talkativeness, particularly in the context of sitting or social interaction. It can refer to someone physically weak, unsteady, or verbally unrestrained and foolish.

The root خشف (khashafa) primarily relates to rapid movement, going, or entering, often with a sense of boldness or urgency. It also extends to meanings of smallness, roughness, and sound or sensation, particularly subtle ones.

The root خصف (khaṣafa) primarily relates to the act of joining, overlapping, or stitching things together, particularly in the context of making or repairing shoes. It extends to concepts of covering, adhering, and combining, and is also used metaphorically for following closely or imitating.

This root appears to describe a state of being sparse, few, or unproductive, particularly in relation to fruit-bearing trees like date palms. It suggests a lack of abundance or a diminished yield.

The root خضف primarily relates to the act of passing wind, often with a connotation of being loud or offensive. It extends to describe a woman who is slow or sluggish, and also refers to a type of melon or watermelon.

This root primarily describes an old, aged woman, focusing on the physical characteristics associated with advanced age, such as excess skin and corpulence. It also extends to describe a woman who is large, fleshy, and voluptuous, sometimes with a connotation of being mature yet still youthful.

This root appears to relate to concepts of scarcity, lightness, and a specific type of tree. It describes the sparseness of fruit on palm trees and the fruit stones of the 'maqil' tree, as well as a type of tree itself.

The root خطف (khaṭafa) primarily denotes snatching, seizing, or taking something rapidly and suddenly. It extends to meanings of swift movement, quick glances, and even metaphorical 'snatching' of sound or attention. Derived terms describe the act, the agent, and the object of this rapid taking.

This root primarily relates to concepts of wideness, spaciousness, and encompassing, particularly in movement and physical form. It also extends to the idea of surpassing or exceeding something.

This root primarily describes swift and expansive movement, particularly in locomotion like walking or running. It also extends to concepts of looseness, relaxation, and generosity, often applied to elderly individuals or animals.

This root primarily describes a specific type of gait or movement in animals, particularly horses and camels, characterized by a peculiar turning or bending of the legs or head. It also extends to describe a haughty or arrogant demeanor in humans, and refers to certain types of cloth and even a specific method of milking.