Taj al-Arus (Zabidi, d. 1205H)

This root entry primarily discusses Alexander the Great (الإسكندر) and places named after him, particularly Alexandria (الإسكندرية). It delves into the etymology and linguistic treatment of these foreign names within Arabic, noting their non-Arabic origin and the grammatical adaptations made.

This root entry discusses a Persian loanword that entered Arabic, referring to a leader or chief. It is primarily concerned with the etymology and usage of this specific term, noting its transformation and prominent bearers.

This root entry is primarily concerned with a proper name, Simjur, and its derivatives. It details the lineage and positions held by individuals named Simjur and his descendants, who were prominent figures in the Samanid era, holding important governorships.

This root primarily concerns the color brown or dusky, often associated with people and animals. It extends to concepts of staying up at night, nighttime itself, and the conversation that occurs during that time. It also encompasses actions like fastening with a nail and specific types of plants and liquids.

This root primarily relates to nighttime activities, conversation, and the color brown or dusk. It also extends to concepts of swiftness, specific locations, and certain types of people or animals.

This root primarily deals with the concept of mixing liquids, particularly milk, often with the implication of diluting it or making it thinner. It also extends to describing milk that has been mixed or diluted.

This root primarily relates to visual impairment, dimness of sight, or things appearing indistinctly due to poor vision. It also extends to concepts of straightness, length, and confusion, sometimes applied to abstract things like speech or roads, and even to a king or a type of animal.

This root primarily concerns the concept of intermediation, acting as a go-between or broker in various contexts. It extends to roles of custodianship, mediation in relationships, and expertise in a particular domain.

This root appears to be related to a specific place name. The primary derived term refers to a city in Sudan.

This root appears to be related to intense heat, specifically describing days that are extremely hot. The primary derived term functions as an adjective describing such days.

This root primarily describes something large, expansive, and abundant, particularly in terms of physical size or quantity. It is often used to describe a person who is stout and well-fed, or a vast and seemingly endless expanse of land.

This root primarily relates to the concepts of hardness, firmness, and intensity, often applied to weapons like spears, but also to abstract concepts like darkness, matters, and even the growth of plants. It can also refer to things or people associated with a specific place or individual named Samhar.

This root appears to be primarily used for proper nouns, specifically personal names and place names. It is also associated with a rare term for a man skilled and knowledgeable in a matter.

This root appears to be a place name, specifically referring to a village in Giza, Egypt. It does not seem to have broader semantic derivations in classical Arabic lexicography.

This root entry primarily concerns place names and personal names, specifically the city of Sinjar and a prominent Seljuk ruler named Sanjar. It also mentions a locality in Egypt.

The root سندر primarily relates to concepts of speed, haste, and boldness. It also extends to descriptions of physical attributes like tallness and large eyes, as well as specific objects like types of trees, weapons, and measuring tools. Some derived terms also refer to specific individuals or groups.

This entry pertains to the place name 'Sanhanhur', referring to two villages in Egypt. It notes that this name has been overlooked by lexicographers.

This root appears to be related to a specific, rare term, possibly of foreign origin, denoting a highly skilled or knowledgeable person. It is noted as being largely neglected by lexicographers.

This root primarily relates to concepts of fierceness, harshness, and a certain type of animal or object. It encompasses terms for a cat, specific parts of an animal's anatomy, and even military equipment.

This root appears to be primarily a proper noun, referring to a specific geographical location. It does not seem to have broader semantic extensions or derived meanings in common usage.

This root primarily refers to a type of bird, specifically a quail. It is also used as a proper name, often for individuals of historical significance, particularly in military or scholarly contexts.

The root 'سنمر' primarily relates to the moon and a legendary figure named Sunammar. It encompasses terms for a luminous moon, a sleepless person, and a skilled but ill-fated builder. The root is famously associated with the idiom 'to repay good with evil', stemming from Sunammar's story.

This root primarily refers to place names in Egypt, specifically towns and villages. It also appears in the names of individuals associated with these locations.

This root primarily relates to concepts of elevation, height, intensity, and boundaries. It extends to walls, fortifications, and the intensity of abstract qualities like cold or joy. It also encompasses notions of impact, effect, and status, including specific historical figures and Quranic chapters.

This root primarily relates to the concept of elevation, climbing, and overcoming obstacles. It extends to terms for lions due to their leaping ability, and also encompasses geographical locations, personal names, and specific groups of people.

This root appears to be related to wells and water sources, with specific terms for different types of wells.

This root primarily describes a state of fear, anxiety, and distress. It encompasses the feeling of being frightened, agitated, and overwhelmed by a perceived threat or danger.

This root appears to relate to the concept of distance or remoteness. It is used to describe something as being far away.

The root سهر (s-h-r) primarily relates to the absence of sleep, wakefulness, and staying up late. It extends to concepts of vigilance, sleeplessness, and by extension, things that are constantly active or present, such as flowing water, fertile land, or even hell.

The root شبر (sh-b-r) primarily relates to the concept of measuring or spanning a distance, specifically the span of a hand. This extends metaphorically to concepts of giving, bestowing, and even sexual intercourse. It also encompasses terms for length, age, and specific geographical locations.

This root appears to relate to a specific plant and a term for a jealous person. The primary lemma discussed is the plant itself, with a secondary lemma describing a characteristic of a man.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of visual impairment, particularly night blindness. It is derived from Persian terms to describe someone who cannot see at night.

The root شتر primarily relates to forms of splitting, tearing, or inversion, particularly concerning the eye and lips. It also extends to meanings of defect, insult, and specific geographical or metrical terms.

This root appears to be a rare and possibly erroneous formation, primarily discussed in relation to the word for 'barley'. Its usage is debated among lexicographers, with some attributing it to classical poetry while others question its existence or validity.

This root primarily describes physical fragmentation, scattering, or roughness. It is applied to geological features like mountains and their parts, as well as to the early growth of plants and the condition of an eye.

The root شجر primarily relates to things that are structured, branched, or interconnected, often with a sense of being planted or arranged. It extends to concepts of disagreement, sleep deprivation, and specific objects like wooden beams or markings.

This root primarily relates to geographical locations, specifically the coast of Yemen and Oman, and also encompasses terms for parts of a valley, animal tracks, and specific flora and fauna.

This root appears to relate to a state of being ready to curse or insult someone, or having just begun to mature or grow.

This root appears to be related to the concept of being tall or elongated. It is noted as being obscure and possibly of foreign origin.

This root appears to describe a physical characteristic, specifically related to the eyes. The primary derived term refers to someone with prominent or bulging eyes.

The root شخر (shakhara) primarily relates to sounds produced from the nose or throat, particularly snoring. It also extends to the neighing of a horse, sounds associated with mountains, and specific anatomical or structural terms.

This root appears to be related to proper names, specifically the name of a man. It is noted as being omitted by major lexicographers.

The root شذر primarily relates to small, detached pieces, particularly of gold or precious stones. It extends to concepts of scattering, separation, and preparedness, often in a vigorous or agitated manner. It also encompasses terms for clothing and specific locations.

This root primarily concerns the concept of 'evil' or 'badness' in its various forms, encompassing moral, physical, and abstract negativity. It extends to related ideas like harm, malice, and misfortune, as well as physical manifestations like sparks from fire and certain types of plants or land features. The root also touches upon concepts of eagerness, desire, and even physical attributes like dryness or leanness.

The root شرر primarily relates to cutting, tearing, and scattering. It extends to meanings of intense love, the extremities of things, and specific plants and animals.

The root شزر primarily relates to looking askance, with hostility, or with disdain. It also extends to meanings of twisting, particularly ropes, and can signify difficulty, harshness, or anger. In a geographical context, it refers to a place name.

The root شصر (sh-ṣ-r) primarily relates to actions involving piercing, pricking, or forceful insertion. It extends to concepts of sewing with wide stitches, animal actions like goring, and specific veterinary or animal husbandry practices. It also describes physical states like a person's eyes rolling back at death and terms for young animals.