Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)

The root 'ولث' primarily concerns the concept of a weak, unconfirmed, or partial agreement, promise, or covenant. It also extends to meanings of a small amount of something, a light touch or blow, and a remnant or residue.

This root describes the act of treading or stepping heavily upon something, implying force and intensity. It extends to the idea of immersing oneself deeply in an activity or situation, often with a connotation of recklessness or peril.

This root appears to be related to proper nouns, specifically names of people and places, and potentially a type of sea fish. The primary focus is on the name 'Yafith', a son of Noah, and its etymological connections.

This root appears to be related to a place name in Yemen. The primary discussion revolves around the geographical location and its pronunciation.

This root primarily relates to the intense sound and visual aspect of fire, particularly its roaring and flickering. It extends to concepts of intensity, speed, and confusion, often metaphorically applied to human actions and sounds.

This root primarily concerns intense heat, burning, and boiling, often associated with the summer season. It also extends to the concepts of saltiness and bitterness in water, and includes the names of mythical tribes.

This root appears to be related to excessive drinking and potentially a place name. The primary derived term suggests an action of consuming too much liquid.

This root primarily concerns pleasant fragrances and the act of spreading them. It also extends to meanings of inciting conflict, mixing things, igniting fires, and administrative documents, with some place names and a medicinal term also derived from it.

This root primarily relates to concepts of building, speed, and elongation. It describes a type of long house, the act of building it, and also denotes swiftness in movement or growth.

This root primarily relates to a specific type of medicinal substance, often contrasted with another similar substance. The derived terms focus on this medicinal application and its comparative usage.

This root primarily describes intense heat and thirst, often associated with severe summer conditions. It can also refer to strenuous exertion, particularly during travel, and is used to denote specific geographical locations.

This root appears to be related to place names, specifically cities or regions, and possibly items associated with them. The primary discussion revolves around the origin of a word derived from a place name.

The root 'باج' primarily relates to the concept of a single way, method, or uniform manner. It can refer to a path, a unified approach to something like distribution, or a single type or color.

This root primarily relates to the concept of splitting, cutting, or piercing, often with a connotation of force or depth. It extends to describe physical attributes like wide eyes and a plump body, as well as abstract concepts like hardship and foolishness.

This root primarily relates to young wild animals, specifically the young of a wild cow. It also extends to describe water that has been heated or boiled, and metaphorically, a short, stout person.

This root pertains to a specific type of beverage, namely cooked grape juice or wine. It originates from Persian and describes a drink that is prepared by boiling, often consumed with sediment to mitigate its potency.

This root appears to be extremely rare, primarily associated with a proper name. There is very little semantic content to derive a general meaning for the root.

This root appears to relate to the concept of covering or padding, particularly in the context of horse tack. It is used to describe a part of a saddle or its covering, possibly a protective or decorative element.

This root primarily refers to young, weak sheep or lambs, often emphasizing their frailty. It is also used metaphorically to describe someone overcome by humility or distress.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of fragrant plant. The primary lemma describes the plant itself and its aromatic qualities.

This root entry is very brief and appears to be a loanword entry. It primarily discusses the word for eggplant, noting its Persian origin and common usage among Arabs.

The root برج primarily relates to prominence, elevation, and conspicuousness. It extends to concepts of spaciousness, particularly in the eye, and also refers to fortified structures, celestial divisions, and large ships.

This root appears to relate to the finest and whitest qualities of wheat. It specifically describes the most valuable and superior type of wheat grain.

This root appears to relate to the concept of capturing or taking captives, particularly of people. It is also associated with a specific type of footwear made from black leather, possibly linked to the appearance of captives.

This root appears to be a loanword, primarily referring to coconut and its related products. It is likely derived from Persian or Indian languages and is not a native Arabic root.

This root primarily concerns boasting, showing off, and embellishing speech or appearance. It extends to provoking or inciting someone, often in a competitive or boastful context.

This root appears to relate to the concept of abundance or largeness, particularly in the context of food. It is used to describe something as plentiful or copious.

The root 'بعج' primarily relates to the act of cutting, splitting, or opening something, particularly the abdomen. It extends to meanings of revealing, exposing, or making something manifest. Figuratively, it can denote intense grief, strong advice, or the subjugation of something.

This root appears to be related to names, specifically the name of a horse. It does not seem to have broader semantic extensions in this entry.

This root appears to relate to the concept of drinking or gulping water, possibly with a sense of fullness or satisfaction. It is closely related to the root غبج.

The root بلج (balaja) primarily relates to brightness, clarity, and openness, particularly concerning the face, the dawn, and the unfolding of events. It also extends to meanings of joy, spaciousness, and a clear separation.

This root primarily relates to the concept of origin, lineage, and inherent nature. It also extends to a specific plant known for its properties and a verb describing the act of extracting something from its source.

The root B-H-R-J primarily relates to concepts of falseness, worthlessness, and illegitimacy, often applied to counterfeit or debased items, particularly coins. It also extends to meanings of invalidation, deviation from the right path, and things being permissible or wasted.

The root بوج (b-w-j) primarily relates to concepts of shining, flashing, and revealing, particularly concerning lightning. It also extends to meanings of spreading, encompassing, and, metaphorically, to sudden calamities or widespread misfortune. Additionally, it touches upon physical states like exhaustion and the appearance of veins.

This root appears to be onomatopoeic, representing the sound made by a hen. It is primarily associated with the vocalizations of chickens.

The root ترج primarily relates to a specific type of citrus fruit, the citron. It also extends to meanings associated with places, particularly dangerous or lion-inhabited areas, and to the concept of being obscured or confused.

This root primarily relates to openings, gaps, and spaces, particularly those that allow for passage or viewing. It can also refer to the act of looking through or observing something.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a dwelling or refuge, particularly for wild animals like gazelles. It also extends to the young of birds of prey, specifically eagles.

This root primarily concerns the concept of a crown or diadem, used literally for royal headwear and metaphorically for things that resemble or serve a similar purpose. It extends to the act of crowning, being crowned, and the status associated with wearing a crown, as well as related terms for headwear and even specific tribal or place names.

This root primarily describes the bleating or crying sound made by sheep, particularly lambs. It can also refer to the act of drinking in gulps.

This root primarily denotes the middle, the most prominent part, or the bulk of something. It extends to concepts of the center, the upper part, or the thickest portion of objects like the back, sand dunes, or the sea. It also encompasses meanings related to mixing, obscuring, or being disordered.

This root primarily concerns the concept of pouring, flowing, or gushing, especially of liquids like water, blood, or milk. It extends to the sound of flowing water and, metaphorically, to the abundant flow of speech. It also describes specific geographical features related to water collection.

This root primarily deals with the concept of forceful dragging or scraping, often implying a harsh or severe action. It can also extend to describing something undesirable or rejected.

This root appears to relate to groups of people, specifically in the context of travel or movement. The primary meaning discussed is a gathering or company of people on a journey.

This root appears to relate to a lack of intelligence or foolishness. It is primarily used to describe a person who is stupid or acts foolishly.

The root ثلج primarily relates to the concept of coldness, snow, and ice. It extends to meanings of coolness, refreshment, and satisfaction, particularly in relation to the heart and soul. It can also denote slowness, dullness, or reaching a certain depth.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being abundant, plentiful, or overflowing, particularly in relation to water or liquids. It can also denote something that is rich or fertile.

This root primarily relates to containers or sacks for carrying things, and also to the sound a cow makes. It also encompasses place names and the act of scattering or dispersing possessions.

This root describes the process of gaining significant weight or bulk after a period of weakness or emaciation. It specifically refers to the body becoming large and robust.