Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)

This root appears to describe someone or something characterized by foolishness or being wild and untamed. It is primarily used to denote an idiot or a wolf, often in a derogatory context.

The root سمد (samada) primarily relates to the concepts of arrogance, haughtiness, and looking up. It extends to meanings of diligence, joy, distraction, and even physical states like swelling or being silent. The root also encompasses agricultural and grooming practices.

This root appears to describe states of swelling, fullness, and intense emotion, particularly anger. It is used to denote physical swelling of extremities and a metaphorical swelling of the heart with rage.

The root 'سند' primarily relates to concepts of support, reliance, and elevation. It encompasses physical support like a mountain's slope, metaphorical support through reliance on someone, and the act of attributing or connecting things, such as in historical narration. It also extends to notions of time, lineage, and even specific geographical locations or features.

The root سود (s-w-d) primarily relates to leadership, nobility, and authority. It also extends to the color black, darkness, and things associated with it, such as large or important entities, and even negative concepts like unpleasant words or difficult situations. The root encompasses terms for people, places, and abstract qualities.

This root primarily concerns the state of sleeplessness and its related concepts. It also extends to the idea of a small amount of sleep and, metaphorically, to something reliable or dependable.

This root primarily concerns the concept of intensity, strength, and force. It extends to actions of attacking, moving quickly, reinforcing, and binding tightly. It also covers states of hardship, severity, and reaching full maturity or power.

This root primarily concerns the concept of straying, fleeing, or being driven away. It extends to scattering, dispersing, and the state of being exiled or banished.

This root primarily relates to the act of giving or bestowing. It describes the action of providing something to someone.

The root شهد (sh-h-d) primarily relates to witnessing, presence, and attestation. It encompasses concepts of bearing witness, being present, observing directly, and testifying. It also extends to the idea of being a witness in a legal or religious context, and metaphorically to things that indicate or reveal.

This root primarily concerns the act of coating or plastering surfaces, particularly walls, with materials like gypsum or mortar. It extends to concepts of building, heightening, and making something known or prominent.

This root primarily describes the intense effect of the sun, specifically its ability to scorch or burn. It conveys a sense of being struck and severely affected by heat.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of turning away, aversion, and obstruction. It also extends to meanings related to proximity, a type of vermin, a path to water, and the fluid discharge from a wound or a mountain.

This root primarily relates to concepts of coldness, scarcity, and intensity. It extends to meanings of pure, unadulterated things, and also describes a specific bird and physical attributes.

This root appears to be primarily related to a specific place name, Al-Sarkhad, which is associated with a type of drink. The entry is very brief and lacks extensive derivations.

The root صعد primarily denotes upward movement, ascent, or rising. It extends to concepts of progression, difficulty, and intensity, as well as specific geographical or botanical terms.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of binding, tying, and restraining, often in a physical sense. It also extends to the idea of bestowing gifts or wealth, possibly as a way of securing or binding someone to the giver.

This root primarily refers to a specific type of bird, often associated with cowardice. It also appears in a common proverb.

This root primarily describes hardness, solidity, and unresponsiveness. It extends to describe unyielding surfaces, stubbornness, and even a horse that doesn't sweat or a slow-boiling pot.

This root primarily describes strength, robustness, and firmness, often applied to animals like camels. It also encompasses the idea of standing upright or being erect.

This root primarily relates to concepts of solidity, directedness, and leadership. It encompasses physical attributes like being solid or elevated, as well as abstract notions of purpose, intention, and being a focal point for needs.

This root primarily denotes rapid, forceful movement or departure. It is often associated with the swiftness of wind or a sudden, energetic action.

This root primarily relates to concepts of nobility, leadership, and greatness, often associated with strength and courage. It can also describe something of immense size or power, such as rain or calamities.

This root primarily relates to intense heat, particularly from the sun, and its effects like shimmering heat or burning. It can also extend to descriptions of tallness.

This root primarily concerns the act of hunting and capturing game. It extends to related concepts like the place of hunting, the tools used, and animals that are hunted. Additionally, it encompasses a distinct meaning related to pride and arrogance, particularly when referring to a king or a camel with a head ailment.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a cold, specifically a head cold or nasal congestion. It also extends to the idea of defeating or overcoming an opponent in an argument or dispute.

This root primarily concerns opposition, contrariety, and being an antagonist. It also extends to the concept of fullness or being filled, and in a derived sense, anger.

This root appears to be related to a specific geographical feature, a mountain, and potentially a place of burial. Its usage seems limited and possibly archaic.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being large, stout, and perhaps foolish or clumsy. It describes a large, foolish individual and is noted as a quadriliteral root formed by reduplication.

The root ضمد primarily relates to binding, tying, or fastening, often in the context of wounds. It extends to meanings of holding back, harboring resentment, and also encompasses concepts of abundance, mixed quality, and even betrayal.

This root pertains to the concept of being oppressed, subjugated, or forced into submission. It describes a state of being overpowered and compelled to act against one's will, often implying a lack of agency or freedom.

This root primarily concerns the concept of expulsion, driving away, or banishment. It extends to related ideas like hunting, pursuing, and the sequential or continuous nature of things, as well as specific objects associated with these actions.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a large, imposing mountain. It also extends to the idea of traversing or covering vast distances, often in a difficult or arduous manner.

This root primarily concerns the concept of servitude, slavery, and worship. It extends to notions of submission, humility, and obedience, as well as the act of serving or being enslaved. It also encompasses related concepts like tamed animals and specific tribal or place names.

This root primarily concerns readiness, preparation, and being present or available. It extends to concepts of equipping, providing, and the state of being fully formed or mature, particularly in the context of animals and equipment.

This root appears to relate to concepts of being bare, stripped, or unadorned, and by extension, can describe a person who is uninhibited or sharp-tongued. It also has a historical association with a specific group.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of dairy product, namely curdled milk or yogurt.

This root primarily relates to a specific type of raisin, characterized by its appearance or quality. It is also used metaphorically to describe the heads of locusts.

This root primarily concerns the concept of counting, enumeration, and quantity. It extends to ideas of preparation, readiness, and the passage of time, as well as specific terms related to lineage, water sources, and ailments.

This root primarily relates to concepts of hardness, solidity, and uprightness. It extends to the growth and emergence of plants and other things, as well as specific terms for plants, animals, and objects.

This root primarily concerns bad behavior, particularly in a state of intoxication, and extends to a specific type of snake.

This root appears to relate to the act of sexual intercourse, specifically referring to the act of a man with a woman.

This root primarily relates to the act of sexual intercourse and the process of twisting or braiding, particularly in the context of ropes or cords.

This root primarily refers to gold, particularly in its pure or refined form. It also extends to terms associated with royalty and luxury, such as royal trappings and specific place names.

The root ع-sh-d appears to relate to the concept of gathering or collecting things together. It is primarily used in its verbal form to denote the act of amassing or accumulating.

The root عصد primarily relates to twisting, bending, or contorting something. It extends to meanings of dying, preparing food, and encountering difficult situations or large gatherings.

This root primarily relates to the upper arm (forearm to shoulder) and by extension, support, assistance, and things that strengthen or brace. It also extends to cutting tools and specific botanical or zoological terms.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being tall or elongated, and also names a specific star, a tribal division, and a person associated with it.

This root appears to relate to rapid movement or swiftness, particularly in the context of walking or running. It describes a fast pace and a vigorous gait.

The root 'عقد' primarily relates to the concept of binding, tying, or fastening. This extends to forming agreements, contracts, and commitments, as well as physical knots. It also encompasses ideas of thickening, solidifying, and becoming complex or difficult.