Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily relates to enclosed spaces, barriers, and confinement. It extends to concepts of stability, warning, and even specific types of structures or natural formations.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of establishing, firming, and making something solid or stable. It extends to meanings of consolidating, preparing, and reinforcing, as well as permanence and steadfastness.

This root primarily concerns the concept of promising, threatening, and appointment. It encompasses the act of making a promise or threat, the time and place of an appointment, and the anticipation of future events, whether good or bad.

This root primarily describes someone or something as weak, foolish, base, or contemptible. It extends to physical weakness, young age, and even inanimate objects like a cup without a share. It also encompasses actions of imitation and competition.

This root primarily concerns the concept of arriving, coming, or being sent, often in a formal capacity. It extends to related ideas of delegation, messengers, and even physical attributes associated with arrival or prominence.

This root primarily concerns the concept of fire, its ignition, burning, and intensity. It also extends to related ideas like fuel, brightness, and a sharp, quick-witted disposition.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of firmness, certainty, and steadfastness. It extends to actions of securing, confirming, and striving with effort. It also encompasses related objects and places associated with these meanings.

This root primarily describes intense heat, particularly during the day or night, often associated with stillness or a specific type of sea-breeze-induced humidity. It also extends to the concept of intense anger.

This root primarily relates to low-lying or depressed areas of land, often implying depth or a hollow. It also extends to concepts of preparation, smoothing, and sexual intercourse.

This root primarily concerns the bitter gourd plant (colocynth) and its seeds. It also extends to actions related to this plant, such as breaking, cooking, harvesting, and feeding it to someone. The root also includes names derived from these concepts.

This root appears to relate to the concept of something being cold, solid, and perhaps well-formed or prepared. It describes a state of being chilled and firm, possibly in the context of food or a physical substance.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of sleeping and waking, with related meanings of resting, praying at night, and rousing someone. It also extends to specific actions like a camel resting its head and a verbal command for a horse.

This root primarily concerns concepts of breaking, destruction, and forceful impact. It extends to sounds, particularly deep or rumbling ones, and can also denote strength, generosity, or weakness in people. Some derivatives relate to specific places or actions.

This root primarily describes a very thick, curdled milk. It also extends to meanings related to poor eyesight, weakness, and a black gum.

This root primarily relates to tearing, rending, and spoiling things. It also extends to the idea of cooking meat until tender or overcooked, and to capturing or overpowering something. Figuratively, it can refer to slander and damaging someone's honor.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a lion, encompassing its physical attributes and its symbolic representation as a brave or courageous entity. It also includes the plural form of the lion.

This root pertains to the concept of insistence, severity, and pressing upon someone. It describes a forceful and unyielding approach, often in a confrontational or demanding context.

This root appears to relate to the concept of taking or encompassing something, particularly in a way that affects a group. It suggests an action of seizing or affecting a population.

This root primarily relates to the concepts of dying, extinguishing, and cessation. It extends to the fading of heat, the wearing out of fabric, and a state of barrenness or lack of life in the land. It also encompasses notions of stillness, speed, and even gluttony.

This root primarily relates to large numbers, specifically a hundred or more, often associated with camels. It also extends to names of people, places, and specific types of swords, with some derived verbs describing actions like hastening, speaking harshly, or sharpening.

This root primarily relates to concepts of returning, repentance, and gentleness. It also encompasses terms for specific religious groups, geographical features, and actions associated with slowness or soothing.

This root primarily concerns concepts of frightening, disturbing, and agitating something or someone. It also extends to meanings of fixing, moving, repelling, and driving away. Additionally, it encompasses terms related to urging animals, inquiring about someone's state, and expressions of movement or lack thereof.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of cultivated plant, possibly resembling barley. It is also associated with fattening livestock.

This root primarily relates to the hand, its physical attributes, and actions performed with it. It extends to concepts of possession, power, and influence, often metaphorically associated with the hand's capabilities.

This root primarily deals with the concept of returning, coming back, or reaching a destination. It can also refer to responding, replying, or bringing something back. Additionally, it encompasses the idea of encountering or meeting something.

This root primarily refers to a geographical region and its inhabitants. It denotes a specific province and its capital city, as well as people associated with that region.

This root primarily concerns the concept of denouncing, condemning, or criticizing something or someone. It extends to concepts of warning, threatening, and sometimes even to the act of making something known or public.

This root appears to relate to a specific place name, possibly a city or region. The primary meaning is tied to a location in Aleppo.

This root primarily concerns the act of taking, seizing, or receiving. It extends to concepts like capturing, punishing, and even betrayal. Derived meanings also encompass physical conditions, specific objects, and metaphorical actions like adopting a way of life.

This root primarily deals with the concept of cutting or severing. It describes the act of cutting and the agent or instrument that performs this action.

This root primarily deals with temporal conjunctions and adverbs indicating past or future time, often introducing clauses that explain or specify a preceding event. It can function as a noun for time, a ظرف (adverbial accusative), or a particle with various nuances like surprise or causality.

This root appears to be related to a specific type of date and also serves as a component in personal names, particularly those of narrators in hadith literature.

This root primarily relates to concepts of overcoming, surpassing, or being distinct. It extends to notions of scarcity, poverty, and a diminished state, as well as the idea of taking or claiming something. It also encompasses terms for a portion or share, and a proverb or example.

This root appears to be a loanword from Persian, referring to a specific type of precious material. Its primary meaning is related to coral.

This root primarily refers to the city of Baghdad, its inhabitants, and related concepts. It also encompasses the idea of a gift or bestowal, particularly from God.

This root primarily deals with concepts of transgression, oppression, and the resulting state of poverty or humility. It can also refer to a specific individual who transmitted traditions.

This root primarily relates to the concept of taking, acquiring, or adopting something. It is closely linked to the root أخذ (to take) and discusses the grammatical formation and etymology of derived words, particularly the verb form افتعل.

This root entry pertains to a specific place name, Termez, and discusses its geographical location and variations in pronunciation among its inhabitants and scholars.

This root pertains to the concept of excessive or abundant liquid, particularly in the context of drinking. It describes a state of overflowing or copious amounts of a beverage.

This root primarily relates to the concept of pulling, drawing, or attracting. It also encompasses related ideas like the core or pith of something, fate or destiny, and specific geographical locations or historical figures.

This root appears to relate to the concept of running or swift movement. The primary meaning provided is 'running'.

This root primarily concerns concepts of cutting, severing, and breaking. It extends to ideas of separation, incompleteness, and even specific geological or geographical terms.

This root primarily relates to the concept of swelling, particularly in animals, and also to a type of rodent. It extends to describe land with many such rodents and specific types of dates. Figuratively, it can refer to being experienced or forced into a situation.

This root describes a type of gait or movement, particularly for camels and horses. It denotes a heavy, slow, or awkward way of moving, sometimes characterized by a low head carriage or clumsy limb action.

This root primarily describes qualities of toughness, roughness, and intensity, often applied to the land, animals, or abstract concepts like speed and endurance. It also encompasses specific geographical locations and types of creatures.

This root entry appears to be a fragment, referencing other root entries for its primary meanings. The provided text primarily defines a specific term and mentions a historical figure associated with it.

This root primarily relates to types of clothing and garments, specifically those made of wool and used by sailors. It also encompasses a type of armor.

This root pertains to expertise, particularly in discerning value or quality, often associated with financial matters or critical judgment. It describes someone who is a skilled evaluator or connoisseur.

This root entry is very brief and appears to be a proper noun, specifically a name. It refers to a person named Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Jidha, who was a narrator of hadith.