Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily deals with negation and prohibition. It is used to deny the existence or occurrence of something, or to forbid an action. It can also express disapproval or rejection.

This root primarily relates to concepts of lightness, speed, and deficiency. It encompasses physical lightness, such as a light hand or a swift animal, as well as abstract lightness like a quick oath or a poem that is easily transmitted. It also touches upon incompleteness or falling short, particularly in poetic meter.

This root pertains to the description of camels, specifically focusing on their lean, emaciated, or slender physical condition. It describes a state of being thin or gaunt, often implying a lack of nourishment or a delicate build.

This root appears to relate to the concept of something being strong, firm, or solid. It can describe physical attributes like hardness or intensity, and potentially extend to abstract qualities of steadfastness or resilience.

This root pertains to intense heat, specifically the extreme heat of the day. It describes a severe and oppressive warmth.

This root primarily relates to the act of fighting, particularly in a military or combative context. It encompasses concepts of engaging in battle, striking, and the general notion of warfare.

The root حنذ primarily relates to intense heat, burning, and cooking, particularly by roasting over hot coals or stones. It also extends to concepts of intense exertion, sweating, and even harshness or malice.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of driving, urging, and moving swiftly, often with a sense of control or mastery. It also extends to meanings related to protection, preservation, and the physical attributes of animals and objects.

This root appears to be related to a specific type of bird, the partridge.

This root primarily relates to the act of taking, receiving, or seizing something. It can also extend to the idea of accepting, adopting, or comprehending. In some contexts, it implies a strong grip or possession.

The root 'معروف' primarily relates to knowing, recognizing, and being known. It encompasses concepts of familiarity, commonness, and established knowledge, extending to the idea of a recognized or famous person.

This root entry is extremely brief and appears to be a single, possibly obscure, term. It directly equates the term 'الخرداذي' with 'wine'.

This root appears to describe things that are tall, prominent, or exceptional, extending to qualities of character like bravery, generosity, eloquence, and knowledge. It also encompasses negative traits like being dissolute or foul-mouthed, and natural phenomena like whirlwinds.

This root primarily relates to covering, protection, and concealment, often associated with headwear like helmets. It also extends to concepts of agreement, mutual undertaking, and service, as well as unpredictability and deficiency.

This entry describes a type of garment, specifically a robe or cloak made of two interwoven threads or colors. It is of foreign origin, possibly Persian, and has variations in its plural forms and pronunciation.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of drink, possibly associated with 'transgressors' or a particular region. It also seems to describe a place known for its walnuts.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of plant characterized by a long cluster. The term is derived through attribution (nisbah) but is not a true genealogical or geographical attribution.

This root primarily relates to things used for cleaning, wiping, or binding, often associated with animals or tools. It also extends to concepts of weakness, deficiency, and negative qualities, as well as specific places and individuals.

This root primarily describes light, fine, or persistent rain. It also extends to concepts of leaking or flowing out, particularly from containers or wounds, and can describe a day characterized by such rain.

This root primarily relates to the concept of going and coming, movement, and transit. It also appears in place names, indicating locations associated with such movement or simply geographical designations.

This root appears to relate to something negative or evil, possibly a conflict or a bad situation. It is presented as a synonym for 'evil' or 'strife'.

This root entry is very brief and appears to be a loanword entry. It primarily defines a specific gemstone.

This root primarily relates to a specific type of date, but also appears in proper names, some of which are associated with specific meanings or individuals.

This root appears to be related to specific objects and places, primarily of foreign origin. It includes terms for a type of basket, a place name, and a type of stone.

This root appears to be a proper noun referring to a place, specifically a city or region. It is associated with Isfahan and Nishapur, and individuals are named after it.

This root primarily relates to a type of fine flour or semolina, and by extension, it is used as a nisba (a surname or attribution) for scholars and traditionists who were associated with this product or place.

This root appears to be primarily associated with a place name, Shabdh, and individuals from that location. It functions as a nisba, indicating origin or affiliation with Shabdh.

This root primarily relates to speed, particularly concerning camels. It also refers to a specific tribal name and a man from that tribe.

This root primarily relates to weak or intermittent rain, and by extension, to things that are weak, difficult, or causing distress. It also extends to a type of projectile weapon.

The root شحذ primarily relates to the concept of sharpening, honing, or making something keen. It extends to meanings of driving, urging, or pushing forward, as well as intense emotions like anger or desperation. It also encompasses terms for specific geographical features and actions related to intense effort or pleading.

This root appears to relate to the act of provoking or inciting something, particularly in the context of animals like dogs. It describes the action of making something aggressive or agitated.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being rare, unusual, or deviating from the norm. It extends to meanings of separation, being set apart, and also includes specific botanical and geological terms.

This root appears to be related to the concept of scattering or dispersing, particularly in a military context. It is noted as an unusual or possibly non-existent root in classical Arabic lexicography, with suggestions of phonetic substitution.

This root appears to describe something that is thick, stout, or robust. It is primarily used as an adjective to denote a physical characteristic of being large and solid.

This root primarily concerns sleight of hand, trickery, and illusion, akin to magic. It also extends to denote a messenger, particularly one carrying official dispatches, and appears in personal names.

This root appears to relate to deception, trickery, and sorcery. It describes someone who practices illusions or uses magical means to mislead others.

This root primarily describes actions related to animals, particularly camels, and their reproductive state. It also extends to describe swiftness in movement, and certain objects or animals associated with speed or specific physical characteristics.

This root appears to be a variant or dialectal form of another root, الشبرذى, and its meanings are identical to it. It is specifically noted as a Tughlabi dialectal variant.

This root primarily relates to iron and its properties, specifically its hardness and refinement. It also extends to describe sharp or refined aspects in other contexts, such as the tips of canine teeth or a swift dog.

The root محمد (m-h-m-d) is primarily associated with the concept of praise, commendation, and laudatory attributes. It forms the basis for names and terms signifying someone or something that is praiseworthy or has received praise.

This root primarily relates to covering the head, specifically with a turban or similar headwear. It extends to concepts of leadership, nobility, and the sun's position relative to clouds.

This root entry appears to be a place name and a term related to currency or institutions. It primarily defines a location in the lands of Daylam and a type of Iraqi dirham, as well as a school in Baghdad.

This root entry discusses the word 'tabarzad', which is an Arabicized Persian term for sugar. It also mentions variations in pronunciation and etymological speculation.

This root primarily deals with the concept of a person or man, but in this specific entry, it extends to describe someone who is boastful, arrogant, and does not follow through on their words.

This root primarily concerns the concept of a grave or tomb. It denotes the act of burying or interring someone, and the grave itself as a place of burial.

This root primarily refers to place names in Egypt and Tunisia. It is also associated with a historical figure from Egypt.

This root appears to describe a state of weakness or scarcity, particularly in relation to the sky and its rain. It signifies a lack of abundance or intensity.

This root appears to relate to concepts of instigation, provocation, and potentially physical attributes associated with the face or head.

This root primarily concerns the concept of seeking refuge, protection, or shelter. It extends to related ideas like pleading, warding off, and even specific types of plants or animals that cling to their environment. It also encompasses terms for incantations and places of refuge.