Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily relates to the concept of disappearance, setting, or absence. It extends to describe young camels, a pregnant animal, and a weakened state. Metaphorically, it can also signify arrogance or respect.

This root primarily concerns the act of eating, consuming, and devouring. It extends to concepts of sustenance, livelihood, and what is eaten. Metaphorically, it can refer to destruction, intense desire, or overwhelming power.

This root primarily relates to movement, speed, and agitation, encompassing physical actions like running, shaking, and striking. It also extends to emotional states such as grief and supplication, and abstract concepts like covenants and divine authority. The root covers a wide range of derived terms for actions, objects, and abstract notions.

This root entry discusses the word 'ulū' (أُولُو), which functions as a plural noun meaning 'possessors of' or 'people of'. It is always used in a genitive construction and does not have a singular form. The entry clarifies its grammatical behavior and provides examples of its usage, particularly in the context of 'ulū al-amr'.

This root primarily concerns the concept of hope, expectation, and anticipation. It also extends to meanings related to waiting, deliberation, and endurance, as well as geographical locations and specific types of terrain.

This root primarily deals with concepts of returning, succession, and management. It extends to meanings of becoming thick or viscous, and also encompasses terms for wild animals, water, and abstract concepts like state or condition. It also includes place names and a type of plant.

This root primarily concerns the concept of 'family', 'people', 'inhabitants', and by extension, 'belonging', 'suitability', and 'familiarity'. It encompasses close kin, residents of a place, followers of a doctrine, spouses, and even the community of a prophet. It also extends to concepts of habituation and things that are familiar.

This root primarily refers to proper nouns, including divine names, geographical locations, and a month. It seems to be a collection of loanwords or names that have been assimilated into Arabic, rather than a root with a core semantic meaning.

This root primarily describes a specific type of gait, characterized by speed. It also refers to a fleshy part of the body, specifically the area between the armpit and the breast.

This root appears to relate to the concept of bark or outer covering, as well as a quick gait or manner of walking. It also encompasses the idea of exchange or bargaining.

This root primarily describes smallness, weakness, and insignificance. It is often used to denote something or someone diminutive and lacking in strength or substance, sometimes in a derogatory sense.

This root relates to the ancient city of Babylon in Iraq, its historical associations, and derived terms. It encompasses concepts linked to Babylon, such as magic and wine, and also includes a meaning related to poison.

This root primarily concerns the concept of cutting, separating, or distinguishing something. It extends to meanings of being cut off, isolated, or dedicated, often in a religious or spiritual context. It also encompasses descriptions of physical form and specific geographical or water-related terms.

This root primarily concerns the concept of fame, renown, and public recognition. It encompasses being well-known, spreading news, and the state of being famous.

This root appears to describe a state of intense hunger or extreme thirst. It conveys a sense of severe deprivation related to sustenance.

This root describes a physical characteristic related to the shoulder and a manner of walking, implying swiftness and agility. It also encompasses the concept of lightness and speed in movement.

This root appears to be very rare and primarily describes a specific type of dance associated with the Zanj people. It also functions as a proper noun, referring to a specific individual.

This root describes the action of leaping or jumping, specifically in the manner of small animals like jerboas and mice. It emphasizes a quick, bounding movement.

This root describes something that is thick, fleshy, and abundant. It is primarily used to denote corpulence and substantiality in flesh or body.

This root primarily concerns the concept of stinginess, avarice, and miserliness. It describes the state of being ungenerous, the act of withholding, and the disposition towards hoarding wealth or resources.

This root primarily concerns the concept of substitution, replacement, and exchange. It encompasses the idea of something taking the place of another, whether it be a physical object, a person, or a linguistic element. It also extends to meanings of change, alteration, and transformation.

This root primarily concerns the act of giving, bestowing, and generosity. It also extends to concepts of being worn out, common, or lacking in preservation, often in contrast to being cherished or protected.

This root primarily describes the plumage around a bird's neck, particularly a bustard's crest. It extends to describe a rooster, the vegetation of the earth, and metaphorically, someone prepared for evil. It also appears in a proper name.

This root appears to be primarily related to place names, specifically cities and districts. It does not seem to have broader semantic extensions beyond geographical locations.

This root pertains to the concept of being large or stout, specifically referring to a large man. It describes physical bulk and imposing stature.

This root primarily relates to items of headwear and coverings, as well as tools and illicit payments. It encompasses specific types of hats, narrow umbrellas, and a stone or iron tool used for grinding, alongside the concept of bribery.

This root entry pertains to the young of certain wild animals, specifically the offspring of a hyena or a jackal.

This root primarily refers to settlements and inhabited lands, particularly those situated near water sources or in transitional areas between cultivated land and the open country. It also encompasses the act of residing in such places.

This root appears to be related to falsehood and deception. It also has a specific meaning related to a type of projectile.

This root primarily relates to the act of piercing, splitting, or opening something, often containers of liquids like wine. It extends to concepts of filtering, making decisions, and the emergence of teeth, particularly in camels. Figuratively, it encompasses significant matters, hardships, and astute judgment.

This root appears to be a loanword, possibly referring to a type of horse or a specific breed. The entry is very brief and lacks extensive derivation.

This root primarily relates to the utterance of the Basmala, the Islamic phrase 'In the name of God'. It encompasses the act of saying this phrase, often as a prelude to an action.

This root appears to be primarily used as a proper name, referring to individuals who were scholars or associated with historical figures. It does not seem to have a common semantic core beyond its use in personal nomenclature.

This root primarily relates to the onion, its parts, and related concepts. It extends to terms for peeling, stripping, and even a metaphorical sense of intense questioning.

This root primarily concerns concepts of futility, invalidity, and falsehood, contrasting with truth and validity. It also extends to meanings of courage and bravery, and in some contexts, refers to sorcerers or trivial talk.

This root primarily concerns concepts of ownership, mastery, and partnership, often in the context of land, agriculture, and marriage. It extends to ideas of dependence, obedience, and even divine or idol worship, as well as states of confusion or distress.

This root primarily concerns the 'mule' (البغل) and its related terms, including its plural forms, female designation, and the act of breeding or producing mules. It also extends to metaphorical uses related to movement and a place name.

The root بقل (baql) primarily relates to the growth of green vegetation, particularly herbs and vegetables. It extends to the sprouting of hair on a young man's face and is used metaphorically for seeking out such plants. The root also encompasses terms for specific plants, their vendors, and even a historical anecdote.

This root primarily relates to mixing, confusion, and a type of food preparation. It also extends to concepts of gain, appearance, disposition, and specific tribal or familial groups. Some derived terms describe actions of superiority, deception, or ostentatious behavior.

This root appears to be related to proper names and potentially a specific historical figure. The primary entry discusses a person named Muhammad ibn Muslim al-Andalusi, noting a potential spelling variation or correction.

This root primarily relates to urination and its associated concepts. It extends to meanings of offspring, abundance, bursting forth, and the state or condition of things. It also encompasses specific terms for ailments, containers, and even a historical figure.

This root primarily relates to a young hyena, a green bird, and a specific tribe or lineage. It also encompasses concepts of swiftness in walking and physical attributes like prominent breasts. Additionally, it appears as personal names and a tribal designation.

This root primarily describes physical attributes related to size, appearance, and quality, encompassing terms for stoutness, paleness, shortness, loudness, and weakness. It also extends to actions involving stripping, gambling, and expelling.

This root describes a young, tender, and soft woman. It is often used in a complimentary manner to denote beauty and delicate physical attributes.

This root primarily concerns concepts of leaving, neglecting, and releasing, often in the context of animals or people. It also extends to meanings of scarcity, curses, and intense effort, with some specific botanical and tribal references.

This entry pertains to place names, specifically regions and towns in various locations. It lists several individuals associated with these places, indicating their geographical origin.

This root describes a specific way of walking or moving, characterized by lifting the head. It also relates to the concept of being a leader or prominent figure.