Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)

This root primarily concerns the act of explaining, clarifying, and interpreting something. It extends to the idea of revealing or uncovering hidden meanings, whether in language, physical substances, or abstract concepts.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of plant, possibly a shrub or herb, and its consumption. It also has a connection to a specific dialectal term from Yemen.

The root فغر (f-gh-r) primarily relates to the act of opening the mouth wide, often implying a gaping or astonished state. It extends to the opening or emergence of other things, like flowers, stars, or even teeth, and can also refer to a wide opening or expanse.

The root فقر primarily denotes poverty, need, and destitution. It extends to concepts of weakness, brokenness, and deficiency, and also has a distinct meaning related to the vertebrae of the spine.

The root فقر primarily relates to the concept of digging, excavating, or making a hole, often for water or to plant a seedling. It extends to meanings of a hole, a well, a channel opening, and metaphorically to significant events, difficult matters, or profound understanding. It also encompasses the idea of a cut or notch, particularly in an animal's nose for taming, and by extension, severe afflictions.

This root primarily concerns the act of thinking, contemplation, and reflection. It encompasses the mental process of engaging one's thoughts with a subject, ranging from simple consideration to deep meditation. The derived terms often denote the process, the result, or the person engaged in thinking.

This root appears to be a loanword from Persian, referring to apothecaries or pharmacists. It does not seem to have extensive derivations or common usage within classical Arabic.

This root primarily relates to concepts of solidity, firmness, and substantiality, often applied to physical objects like rocks or people. It can also describe a rolling or unsteady gait.

This root primarily describes large, detached masses, particularly rocks or dense clusters. It can also refer to a specific anatomical term.

This root appears to describe a small structure or dwelling, possibly a watchtower or a temporary shelter, built on a wooden beam.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a hole, perforation, or opening, particularly in the context of the mouth or beak of an animal. It can also refer to the act of piercing or making such an opening.

The root فهر primarily relates to stones, particularly hand-sized ones used for pounding. It extends to concepts of exhaustion, particularly in horses, and also refers to a specific sexual act and a prominent ancient Arab tribe. Additionally, it denotes a Jewish gathering place and a type of food preparation.

This root primarily describes the concept of boiling, surging, or gushing forth, often associated with liquids like water or the intensity of emotions like anger or heat. It also extends to meanings of spreading, appearing suddenly, and the beginning or early part of something.

This root pertains to the concept of being small and short in stature. It describes individuals or things that are diminutive and compact.

This root appears to describe someone who is base, ignoble, or of low character. It is often used to characterize a man as being mean-spirited or lacking in noble qualities.

This root appears to relate to a specific, perhaps unusual, characteristic of a woman. The primary derived term describes a woman who does not menstruate.

This root primarily pertains to a specific type of fine, white linen garment. It is associated with clothing and its visual characteristics.

This root primarily describes something large, immense, or stout, often applied to animals like camels. It can also extend to describe a person who is harsh, stingy, or ill-tempered.

This root appears to relate to the covering or structure of a dwelling, specifically mentioning a type of fabric used for a tent or house. It also includes a verb form indicating the act of acquiring or obtaining something.

This root primarily describes something that is old, aged, and worn out, particularly animals like camels and sheep, and also elderly men. It conveys a sense of being past one's prime, lean, and having a remaining tough hide.

This root appears to describe the act of repelling, pushing away, or causing something to retreat. It conveys a sense of forceful rejection or dismissal.

This root primarily describes the act of striking or hitting something dry against something else dry, often producing a sharp sound. It can also extend to concepts of boasting or pride, possibly metaphorically linked to a loud, assertive sound.

This root primarily concerns concepts of estimation, measure, proportion, and capacity. It extends to notions of divine decree, fate, and the ability to do something. It also encompasses physical attributes like being of medium build or short neck, and culinary terms related to cooking.

This root primarily relates to preparing oneself for something, particularly for conflict, arguments, or bad behavior. It also describes a state of being scattered or unmanageable.

This root primarily concerns concepts of uncleanness, dirtiness, and impurity, both physical and moral. It extends to meanings of disgust, aversion, and being repulsive, as well as social isolation due to perceived unpleasantness or moral failing.

This root primarily describes negative character traits, specifically bad temper, ill-will, and a readiness for conflict or insults. It also extends to the idea of scattering or dispersing in a disorganized manner.

This root describes the act of intruding into people's affairs or conversations. It also conveys the sense of speaking words one after another or approaching someone.

This root appears to be very limited in its usage, primarily referring to a specific type of table or tray, possibly made of silver. Its derivatives are scarce and seem to be confined to classical Arabic usage.

This root primarily concerns coldness, stillness, and settling. It extends to concepts of permanence, stability, and the act of making something firm or fixed. Derived meanings also include the residue left in a pot and the act of repeating or emphasizing speech.

This root appears to relate to terms for a male organ, specifically the penis. It lists several synonyms for this anatomical part, emphasizing its masculine and robust nature.

This root primarily deals with the concept of coercion, force, and overcoming someone against their will. It extends to meanings related to lions, hunters, and even certain plants and times of night, often metaphorically linked to strength or dominance.

This root primarily describes something strong, robust, and tall, particularly in reference to a man's beard or a sturdy stick. It conveys a sense of vigorousness and impressive stature.

This root primarily relates to the appraisal and verification of currency, specifically coins. It also extends to describe a person who performs this appraisal and, metaphorically, someone who is physically large or substantial.

The root قشر (qashara) primarily relates to the act of peeling, stripping, or scraping off the outer layer or covering of something. This encompasses physical peeling of fruits, bark, or skin, as well as metaphorical stripping away of coverings, including clothing and even abstract concepts like misfortune or harsh conditions.

This root primarily refers to rough, coarse, or sturdy objects, particularly sticks and staffs. It also extends to descriptions of toughness and resilience.

This root primarily relates to physical sensations of shivering, goosebumps, or a recoiling feeling, often associated with cold, fear, or strong emotional reactions. It can also describe the land becoming parched or contracting due to drought.

This root appears to describe a state of being cut off or interrupted, specifically related to breath or respiration. It conveys a sense of breathlessness or suffocation.

This root primarily refers to the thin covering or husk of a date pit. It is also used metaphorically to denote a very small or insignificant amount of something.

This root primarily denotes depth, the lowest part, or the extreme end of something. It extends to concepts of reaching the bottom, profoundness, and also the interior or innermost part. Figuratively, it relates to deep thought, extreme speech, and intense desire.

This root appears to describe someone or something that is severe, harsh, or excessive. It is primarily used as an adjective to denote intensity and harshness, particularly in relation to people and their actions.