Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)

This root appears to relate to a specific type of plant, though its existence and meaning are uncertain. The primary mention is of a plant, with a note questioning its authenticity.

This root relates to the act of extracting or pulling something out, particularly in the context of childbirth or assisting in difficult births. It is presented as a variant of another root with a similar meaning.

This root primarily concerns activity, energy, and eagerness, often in contrast to laziness. It extends to concepts of movement, extraction, and quick action, including the swiftness of animals, the pulling of a bucket, and the biting of a snake. It also encompasses the idea of loosening or untying.

This root primarily relates to stretching, extending, and traveling long distances. It encompasses concepts of making something longer, moving far away, and the act of undertaking distant journeys. It can also metaphorically describe someone who is talkative.

This root primarily relates to places, specifically fortified locations and mountains in Yemen. It also extends to describe people with specific eating habits or physical characteristics, and the act of traveling.

This root appears to relate to the concept of tallness, specifically in men. It describes individuals who are long or lengthy in stature.

This root primarily concerns substances resembling tar or pitch, often used for treating animals or as fuel. It also extends to meanings related to anger, physical ailments like blisters, and sounds like sneezing or coughing.

The root 'نقط' primarily relates to the concept of marking, dotting, or distinguishing something, often with small points. This extends to the act of diacritizing letters, making distinctions in matters, and even referring to small, scattered pieces or portions.

The root نمط (namaṭa) primarily relates to patterns, types, and ways of doing things. It extends to cover carpets, groups of people, and specific methods or paths, often emphasizing a middle or moderate approach.

This root primarily deals with the act of piercing or striking with a spear. It describes the direct physical action of thrusting a weapon into something.

The root نوط (n-w-ṭ) primarily relates to the concept of hanging, suspending, or attaching something. This extends to objects that are hung, such as ornaments or straps, and also to abstract notions like distance or connection. It can also refer to specific anatomical parts or geographical features.

This root primarily relates to death, fate, and the vital essence of life, often metaphorically linked to hanging or attachment. It also extends to concepts of distance and the initial stages of a well.

The root هبط (habaṭa) primarily denotes descent, falling, or lowering. It encompasses physical movement downwards, as well as metaphorical concepts like decline, reduction, humiliation, and illness. The root also extends to the idea of arriving at a place or market.

This root primarily denotes concepts of tearing, ripping, and damaging, often violently or excessively. It extends to meanings of speaking ill, being weak or flabby, and also refers to specific types of meat and animals.

This root appears to describe something that is wide, broad, or extensive. It is often used in a comparative sense, indicating a similarity to something else that is wide.

This root primarily relates to concepts of destruction, endurance in travel, and swiftness in action. It describes people who are perishing, animals that are tireless travelers, and the act of moving quickly.

This root appears to relate to the sound or action of horses, specifically in the context of commanding or urging them forward. It is primarily associated with a specific vocalization used for this purpose.

This root appears to describe a state of being relaxed, loose, or hanging down, particularly in relation to the body or vegetation. It can also refer to something that is abundant or luxuriant.

This root appears to describe the act of taking or collecting something. It is a less common root with limited derived forms and usages.

This root appears to relate to a specific historical term, possibly a title or a designation, with limited derivation in classical Arabic. The primary usage found is in a historical context referring to a specific individual or role.

This root primarily concerns commotion, noise, and disturbance. It also extends to meanings of coming and going, approaching and departing, and gathering or dispersing, often in the context of conflict or resolution.

This root primarily denotes weakness, slowness, and a lack of firmness or strength, both physically and in terms of opinion or resolve. It can also extend to meanings of degradation, debasement, and obstruction.

The root 'w-kh-t' primarily relates to concepts of mixing, intermingling, and light contact. This extends to the appearance of gray hair, the speed of movement, and even light or superficial wounds. It also encompasses the sound of footsteps and the fluctuation of profit and loss in trade.

This root primarily concerns weakness, cowardice, and feebleness, often applied to men. It also extends to describe certain animals, particularly bats and swallows, and metaphorically to speech that is hesitant or overly talkative.

This root primarily relates to the concept of haste, speed, or urgency. It describes a state of being in a hurry or acting quickly.

This root primarily describes depressions or hollows that collect water, particularly in rocky or mountainous terrain. It also extends to meanings related to being struck down, overwhelmed, or made heavy, often implying a state of collapse or unconsciousness.

This root appears to relate to the concept of being overcome or struck down, particularly by fatigue or exhaustion. It describes a state of being felled or prostrated due to intense tiredness.

This root primarily relates to striking, breaking, or causing something to fall or weaken. It also extends to concepts of weakness, defeat, and destruction. Additionally, it denotes specific geographical features, particularly low-lying, fertile land, and can refer to a group of people or a dispute.

This root appears to relate to concepts of depth, particularly in water. It describes a deep part of the sea or a body of water.

This root primarily concerns a vocative interjection used to ward off or alert. It is employed as a call to animals like wolves or camels, and also as a warning signal in warfare or to one's family when danger is perceived.

This root appears to be related to proper names, specifically the names of men. The primary derived lemma is a direct designation for a male individual.

This root appears to relate to the concept of fullness or reaching a limit, specifically in the context of a container being so full that no more can be added.

This root primarily relates to the act of striking or hitting, particularly strings of an instrument, and by extension, to persistence or insistence. It also encompasses meanings related to physical condition, such as becoming fat or being plump and soft.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being burdened, weighed down, or finding something difficult and overwhelming. It extends to concepts of overexertion, being defeated, and physically restraining someone.

This root primarily relates to the concept of semen, the womb, and by extension, fertility and growth. It also extends to meanings of fattening and becoming robust after weakness.

This root primarily describes the bulging or protruding of the eyes, often due to fear, surprise, or intense focus. It extends to describe a person with such eyes and can metaphorically refer to intense scrutiny or observation.

This root primarily relates to binding, restraining, and holding tightly. It also extends to meanings of hastening, particularly in running, and can describe a state of being bound or held.

This root primarily describes someone who is large, stout, and corpulent, often with negative connotations of being gluttonous, arrogant, and ungrateful. It can also refer to the act of chasing or driving away.

This root primarily describes negative character traits related to ill temper, arrogance, and stubbornness, particularly in relation to food or in a general sense of being difficult. It also extends to physical descriptions of being large or stout, and actions of pushing or preventing someone from something.

This root describes someone who is stingy, greedy, and excessively eager for food or possessions. It conveys a sense of intense desire and unwillingness to share.

This root primarily discusses the state of a corpse or a dying person becoming bloated or swollen. It also extends to the meaning of being killed and bloated.

This root primarily describes the act of lying down or stretching out, often in a specific manner such as lying on one's back with legs raised, or in a relaxed, lazy posture. It can also refer to a specific type of posture when lying down.

This root primarily describes something or someone that is large, robust, and hairy. It can also refer to land that is hard and solid.

This root appears to be related to the concept of hardness or solidity, specifically when describing land. It seems to be a less common or possibly erroneous variant of a more established root.

This root relates to the caulking and sealing of ships, specifically using pitch or tar. It also refers to the craftsman who performs this task, ensuring the vessel is seaworthy.

This root appears to be very rare and possibly obscure. It is primarily associated with a single derived term describing a man characterized by strong sexual desire.