Taj al-Arus (Zabidi, d. 1205H)

The root حصر (ḥaṣara) primarily relates to restriction, confinement, and limitation. This encompasses physical imprisonment, being prevented from travel or achieving a goal, and also metaphorical states like tightness of the chest, stinginess, or speech impediment. It can also refer to physical objects like mats or parts of an animal's body.

The root حصر (ḥaṣara) primarily denotes concepts of confinement, restriction, and enclosure. This extends to physical imprisonment, blocking a path, and also to internal states like withholding secrets or abstaining from something. It can also refer to a lack of ability or a deliberate avoidance, particularly in sexual matters, and metaphorically to stinginess or timidity.

This root appears to be related to place names. The primary derived lemma refers to a specific location mentioned in classical Arabic geographical texts.

This root primarily relates to presence, attendance, and being in a place. It extends to concepts of arrival, proximity, and settled habitation, contrasting with absence or nomadic life. It also encompasses specific geographical locations, tribal names, and astronomical phenomena.

This root primarily describes largeness, particularly of the belly or body. It extends to describe large containers like waterskins, and by extension, large animals or herds. It can also refer to a specific animal, the hyena, due to its perceived large belly.

This root primarily relates to sexual intercourse, specifically with a female slave. It also extends to meanings of striking or hitting, particularly with weapons like arrows or swords, and can describe being thrown or struck down.

This root appears to be rare and possibly dialectal, primarily related to the concept of filling something completely. It also has a specific meaning related to the string of a bow.

The root حظر (ḥaẓara) primarily denotes the concept of preventing, blocking, or enclosing something. It extends to meanings of restricting access, confining animals or property, and creating barriers. Figuratively, it can refer to being trapped in a difficult situation or spreading malicious gossip.

The root حفر (ḥafara) primarily relates to the physical act of digging or excavating. This extends to metaphorical meanings like investigating, uncovering, or even sexual intercourse. It also encompasses concepts of weakness, decay, and specific geological or biological features.

The root حفر (ḥfr) primarily denotes the act of digging or excavating. It extends to encompass places where digging occurs, such as wells or holes, and by extension, can refer to geographical locations, routes, or even abstract concepts like uncovering hidden truths. It also relates to the physical act of animals digging and the resulting terrain.

This root appears to describe shortness or being short, particularly in reference to men. It is noted as being neglected by some lexicographers.

This root primarily concerns the concept of belittling, despising, or considering something as small or insignificant. It extends to notions of humility, lowliness, and even physical smallness or weakness. The root also touches upon specific linguistic terms related to pronunciation.

The root حكر (ḥkr) primarily relates to concepts of injustice, oppression, and mistreatment in dealings with others. It also extends to meanings of scarcity, hoarding, and holding back goods, as well as holding onto something exclusively. Secondary meanings include small quantities of things, particularly food or water, and stubbornness or contention.

The root حمر (ḥ-m-r) primarily relates to the color red, but extends metaphorically to concepts of intensity, severity, and even whiteness in specific contexts. It also encompasses terms for donkeys and related objects, as well as place names and groups of people.

This root appears to be related to place names and potentially a specific location in Upper Egypt. It is associated with a significant Sufi figure and a particular geographical area.

This root appears to relate to the concept of filling or loading, particularly with water or goods. It also extends to descriptions of being laden or well-equipped, and can be used in proper names.

This root primarily concerns the concept of bending, curving, or forming an arch. It extends to describe architectural arches, the shape of a bow, and by extension, a bent or stooped posture. It also refers to a small, unpleasant creature.

This root appears to be related to shortness or being stout, and also describes intense cold. It is also noted as a proper name.

This root appears to relate to concepts of intensity, hardship, and smallness or shortness. It is used to describe difficult situations, short stature, and small objects.

This root entry is very brief and appears to be an addendum. It defines a single, rare word related to shortness.

This root appears to relate to concepts of narrowness, constriction, or difficulty, possibly extending to foolishness or a specific place name. The derived terms are rare and their authenticity is questioned by classical lexicographers.

This root appears to relate to sharp vision or intense gaze. It also seems to denote a specific place name and is associated with individuals, likely scholars or traditionists, bearing derived names.

This root appears to be related to a specific geographical feature, namely a branch or section of a mountain. The provided text is very brief and cites a classical lexicographer.

This root appears to describe someone who is short and unattractive, and also a type of snake. The discussion also touches on linguistic principles regarding the addition of letters in Arabic morphology.

This root appears to describe a physical characteristic, specifically related to a person's build. It focuses on someone who is thin in bone structure but has a large abdomen.

This root appears to relate to concepts of clouds and indecision or hesitation. It is primarily used in classical Arabic to describe the presence of clouds and a state of being uncertain or going back and forth in a matter.

The root حور (ḥ-w-r) primarily relates to returning, going back, and responding. It extends to concepts of washing, whitening, and also to destruction, loss, and confusion. Several derived terms refer to specific parts of the body, objects, or places.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being lost, bewildered, or unable to find one's way, often due to visual confusion or indecision. It extends to meanings of stagnation, gathering, and abundance, particularly in relation to water and wealth. Several geographical locations are also named after this root.

This root primarily relates to enclosed areas, enclosures, or places of confinement, often with connotations of confusion, being lost, or a large gathering. It extends to concepts of permanence, vastness, and specific geographical locations.

The root خبر (kh-b-r) primarily relates to information, news, and knowledge. It encompasses the act of informing, being informed, and the content of that information, whether it's a report, a tradition, or a divine revelation. It also extends to concepts of expertise, testing, and deep acquaintance with something, as well as physical descriptions of land and plants.

This root primarily concerns knowledge, information, and news. It extends to the act of informing, inquiring about, and experiencing something, as well as the content of that information. It also encompasses related concepts like expertise, testing, and even specific places and descriptions of things.

This root describes a man characterized by a large, flabby belly and a generally stout or thick build. It conveys a sense of being corpulent and perhaps somewhat sluggish due to one's size.

This root primarily concerns betrayal, deception, and treachery. It extends to meanings of weakness, languor, intoxication, and mental confusion, often as a result of something corrupting or weakening the individual.

This root primarily describes things that are ephemeral, fleeting, or unstable. It encompasses concepts like mirages, things that change form, and beings or entities that are unreliable or deceptive. The core idea is a lack of permanence and a tendency to fade or disappear.

This root appears to be very limited in its usage, primarily referring to a specific geographical location. It does not seem to have broader semantic extensions in classical Arabic lexicography.

The root خثر (khathara) primarily describes the process of thickening, curdling, or becoming dense, often applied to liquids like milk or honey. It extends metaphorically to describe a state of emotional heaviness, sluggishness, or confusion, and can also refer to a group of people or a specific social situation.

This root primarily relates to unpleasant odors, specifically from the posterior, and also describes a person who eats voraciously but is cowardly. It extends to describe sounds and physical attributes.

This root primarily relates to concepts of slowness, lingering, and seclusion. It extends to describe slow-moving camels, a quiet period during the day, and a tool for gathering dung. It also appears in personal names and place names.

This root appears to be primarily associated with a specific geographical location in Central Asia, rather than a core semantic concept. The derived terms refer to a place and individuals associated with it.

This root appears to relate to worn-out or old clothing. It is primarily used to describe garments that are tattered or in a state of disrepair.

This root appears to relate to hiding, concealment, and being hidden. It also extends to concepts of being hidden from authority or debt, and potentially to a specific type of bird.