Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)

This root primarily relates to selling or measuring goods in bulk or without precise quantification. It also extends to the concept of abundance, particularly concerning water.

This root primarily concerns concepts of enduring hardship, punishment, debt, and the obligation to pay. It extends to being passionately attached or obsessed with something, and the act of imposing or incurring a financial obligation or penalty.

This root primarily relates to the onset of darkness, specifically the dimming and obscuring of the night. It describes the process of night falling and the resulting obscurity.

This root primarily concerns injustice, oppression, and a reckless, unyielding determination. It extends to descriptions of war as an oppressive force and individuals who are stubbornly resolute in their pursuits.

This root primarily relates to the concept of vastness and immensity, particularly concerning bodies of water like the sea. It can also extend to describe a person of broad or generous disposition.

This root primarily concerns youth, immaturity, and the burgeoning of sexual desire. It extends to terms for young people, the state of being sexually aroused, and even specific animals and a place name.

This root pertains to a specific anatomical part of the throat and the action of severing it. It primarily defines the upper part of the throat and the act of cutting it.

The root غمم (ghmm) primarily relates to covering, obscuring, and feelings of distress or suffocation. It encompasses concepts of physical covering, mental anguish, and atmospheric obscurity, as well as specific physical attributes and sounds.

The root غنم primarily relates to acquiring wealth or spoils, especially through warfare or good fortune. It extends to concepts of gain, profit, and the animals (sheep and goats) that represent such wealth.

This root primarily concerns clouds and the state of being cloudy. It extends to describe the condition of being thirsty or experiencing internal heat, and metaphorically, a state of exhaustion or being overcome.

This root primarily relates to widening, expanding, and filling, particularly in the context of saddles and animal provisions. It also extends to the idea of fullness in animals, and a collective group of people.

This root primarily relates to the concept of blackness, particularly the blackness of charcoal. It extends to meanings of intense darkness, silence, hoarseness, and being rendered speechless.

This root primarily denotes concepts of greatness, grandeur, and importance. It extends to physical size, elevated status, and the act of magnifying or emphasizing something. It also has a specific technical application in phonetics.

The root 'فدم' primarily relates to the concept of being saturated, thick, or obstructed. It extends to describe colors, liquids, and even a person's speech or demeanor, implying a lack of clarity or fluency.

This root describes a quality of being handsome, well-built, and full-faced, particularly in men. It conveys a sense of robust attractiveness and pleasing fullness.

This root primarily relates to the concept of narrowing or constricting, particularly in a sexual context. It also extends to the idea of filling something completely, and can refer to a specific place name.

This root appears to relate to a specific tool used in shoemaking. The primary lemma describes a round wooden piece used by cobblers to shape shoes.

This root primarily describes the protruding tip or beak-like part of something, particularly the snout of an animal or the tip of a shoe.

This root primarily relates to the concept of being spacious, wide, or expansive, particularly in the context of the chest or heart, implying generosity and breadth of spirit.

This root primarily concerns the concept of breaking, splitting, or separating something without completely severing it. It can also extend to meanings of ceasing or stopping, particularly in relation to weather or illness.

This root primarily concerns the concept of weaning, separating a young one from its mother, or severing something from its source or habit. It extends to cutting or breaking things and implies a decisive separation or cessation.

This root primarily concerns the concept of fullness, being filled, or overflowing. It extends to the idea of being replete with something, whether physical substance, scent, or emotion like anger.

The root فغم (f-gh-m) primarily relates to the sense of smell, specifically the intensity or overwhelming nature of a scent. It also extends to meanings of opening, kissing, and eagerness or intense desire.

This root primarily relates to the jaw and mouth area, specifically the chin and the alignment of teeth. It also extends to concepts of fullness, magnitude, and crookedness, with one derived term referring to a specific tribe.

This root appears to describe something that is wide or broad, particularly in the context of the mouth or jaws.

This root primarily concerns the mouth, its physical form, and related actions. It also delves into grammatical transformations and variations in pronunciation and spelling for words derived from this root, particularly in classical poetry.

This root primarily relates to 'garlic' and 'wheat', with extensions to 'bread' and related concepts. It also encompasses specific agricultural terms and a place name.

This root primarily concerns the concept of understanding, knowing, and comprehending information. It extends to the act of making someone else understand and the process of gradual comprehension. It also includes a proper noun for a tribe.

This root primarily concerns the concept of darkness, dimness, and obscurity, often associated with dust or a dusky color. It extends to describe things that are dark, indistinct, or deeply hidden.

This root primarily concerns the concept of giving or receiving large amounts, often in a single instance. It extends to descriptions of generous individuals, collective gathering, and also includes specific animal and slave names.

The root قحم (q-h-m) primarily relates to plunging into something without consideration, often with a sense of danger or difficulty. It encompasses concepts of recklessness, hardship, and forceful entry, whether by a person, an animal, or a difficult situation.

This root primarily describes intensity, speed, and generosity, particularly in the context of leadership and wealth. It encompasses notions of being strong, swift, and a magnanimous giver and receiver of wealth.

This root primarily concerns concepts of honor, nobility, and distinction, often associated with esteemed animals like camels. It also extends to meanings related to eating habits, physical marks or blemishes, and sensory desires, particularly for meat.

This root appears to relate to specific types of garments or armor, possibly of foreign origin, and also a medicinal substance.

This root appears to describe a state of dispersal or scattering, particularly in a rapid or chaotic manner. It is used to convey the idea of people or things moving away from each other.

This root appears to relate to large, robust, or formidable entities, particularly in the context of animals or creatures. It may also extend to concepts of strength or bulk.

This root primarily relates to the safflower plant and its seeds, used for dye and oil. It also extends to the concept of coloring or dyeing.

This root appears to describe a state of being stunted, underdeveloped, or poorly nourished, particularly in children. It can also refer to the act of causing such a state through improper care or feeding.

This root primarily denotes baseness, meanness, and lowliness, extending to describe people of low character, inferior possessions, and stunted growth. It carries a strong negative connotation of being inferior or base.

This root appears to relate to round, disc-like objects, particularly those used by craftsmen. It also extends to describing the rounded shape of a camel's hump.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of division, distribution, and separation. It extends to oaths and portions, as well as the facial features of a person.

The root قشم (qashama) primarily relates to the act of eating, particularly consuming food. It extends to concepts of selecting or discerning good food from bad, and also describes the physical body or its substance, as well as specific stages of fruit ripeness and leftover food.

This root primarily describes large, imposing, or aged birds of prey, specifically vultures. It extends to describe men of similar imposing stature or age, and also refers to abstract concepts like death and calamity.

This root primarily concerns the concept of breaking, fracturing, or shattering something, often with a sense of completeness or distinctness. It extends to describe physical breaks in objects, bones, or even horns, and metaphorically to things that are easily broken or brittle.

This root primarily concerns the act of eating or biting with the front teeth, often in small or delicate ways. It extends to related concepts like consuming food, the state of something being worn down, and specific types of materials or food.

This root primarily concerns the act of biting, tasting, and strong desire, particularly for meat or sexual intercourse. It also extends to geographical locations and personal names.

This root primarily relates to illness, death, and physical deformities, particularly a bent or crooked nose.

This root primarily relates to the act of cutting, trimming, or shaping, particularly nails or reeds. It extends to tools used for writing, parts of plants or animals, and even specific types of garments or plants.

This root appears to be related to the concept of being old or aged, specifically referring to an old man. The entry notes its connection to another root based on the addition of a 'mim' letter.