Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)

The root عرزل primarily relates to gathering, collecting, or assembling things, often for a specific purpose like protection or sustenance. It also extends to the concept of a place or structure built for such purposes.

This root pertains to the concept of being large, bulky, or immense. It describes physical size and stature, often implying a significant and imposing presence.

This root primarily deals with the concept of obstruction, difficulty, and hindrance. It describes things that are hard to overcome or navigate, often implying a complex or problematic situation.

The root عزل (ʿazala) primarily concerns the concept of separation, isolation, and removal. This includes physical distancing, political dismissal from office, and the absence of something, particularly weapons or rain. It also extends to specific physical attributes or locations.

This root appears to relate to neglected or abandoned animals, specifically camels. It also has a distinct meaning for a male pigeon.

The root عسل primarily relates to honey and things associated with it, such as making food with honey, collecting honey, and honeycombs. It also extends to meanings of speed, swift movement, and vigorous action, sometimes metaphorically.

This root primarily relates to mirages and a specific type of truffle. It also includes a proper noun for a city.

The root عصل (ʿaṣal) primarily relates to crookedness, bending, or twisting, particularly in physical objects like animal tails, trees, and arrows. It also extends to the meaning of wild onions and can refer to specific locations or paths.

The root عضل (ʿaḍal) primarily relates to concepts of difficulty, obstruction, and hardship. It extends to describe physical attributes like muscle and flesh, as well as abstract notions of severe problems, stubbornness, and even specific tribal names and animals.

The root عطل primarily relates to emptiness, lack, or being unoccupied. This encompasses concepts like being unadorned, lacking purpose or work, being deserted, or being unequipped. It can also refer to physical attributes like a long neck or a palm frond.

This root appears to describe a woman of exceptional beauty and perfection. It is used to denote a complete and admirable female form, often in a context of admiration or wonder.

This root primarily describes the act of clinging, sticking together, or becoming entangled, often in a sexual context for animals. It extends to concepts of gathering, joining, and even poetic techniques.

This root primarily relates to physical examination, particularly of livestock for fatness, and also describes a specific anatomical protrusion or discharge, often associated with animals or women.

This root appears to describe something or someone that is coarse, heavy, or sluggish. It can refer to a person's disposition, the state of a garment, or even the physical condition of an elderly person.

This root primarily deals with small sores or pustules, particularly those appearing on the lips as a result of illness. It also encompasses the concept of the aftermath or remnants of a disease.

The root عكل primarily relates to the concepts of gathering, accumulating, restraining, and hardship. It extends to meanings of struggling, dying, and even specific geographical or tribal names.

This root primarily concerns the concept of drinking, especially a second drink after an initial one, and by extension, anything that sustains or refreshes. It also extends to meanings of illness, deception, and sustenance, often implying a secondary or repeated action.

The root 'عمل' primarily concerns the concept of work, action, and labor. It extends to the act of performing a task, being employed, and the resulting compensation. Derived terms also touch upon the nature of a person's disposition towards work, specific tools or parts of objects, and tribal or personal names.

This root appears to describe slowness, heaviness, and a large or imposing physical presence. It is applied to animals and humans, often implying a deliberate or unhurried manner.

This root appears to relate to descriptions of physical stature and characteristics, specifically tallness and largeness of head. It also touches upon linguistic rules for word formation and pluralization.

The root عول primarily relates to raising one's voice, particularly in lamentation or distress. It extends to concepts of leaning on, depending on, or being supported by someone or something. It also encompasses notions of deviation, injustice, and being overwhelmed, as well as providing for one's dependents and the tilting of a scale.

This root primarily describes swiftness and intensity, particularly in relation to animals like camels and horses, and also extends to strong winds and a supreme ruler. It can also denote restlessness or instability in a person.

This root primarily concerns concepts of imbalance, swaying, poverty, and dependence. It extends to meanings of being overwhelmed, having many dependents, and a specific tribal or ancestral name.

This root primarily relates to concepts of being wide, uncircumcised, or a lingering residue. It describes expansiveness in living, a state of being uncircumcised, and the remnants of water or mud left behind in various containers or on the ground.

This root primarily concerns the act of sifting or straining, often used metaphorically for selection or purification. It extends to meanings related to being cut, fragmented, or even violently killed and dismembered.

This root appears to describe a process of something becoming rotten, spoiled, or putrid, particularly in the context of eggs. It conveys a sense of decay and deterioration.

This root appears to be related to male genitalia. The primary derived term signifies the male organ.

The root غزل (ghazala) primarily relates to the act of spinning thread, particularly from wool or cotton. It extends metaphorically to courtship, flirtation, and the pursuit of prey, as well as to the young gazelle itself and the early morning.

The root غسل (ghasala) primarily concerns the act of washing or cleansing. It extends to the substances used for washing, the results of washing, and even metaphorical cleansing or purification. The root also encompasses related concepts like bathing and the specific actions of certain animals or individuals.

This root primarily relates to the concept of abundance, lushness, and flourishing, particularly in vegetation. It can also extend to the idea of being strong or robust.

The root غ-ط-ل appears to relate to concepts of density, abundance, and darkness, particularly in natural settings like thick vegetation or the deep night. It can also refer to specific types of animals or groups of people.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being unaware, heedless, or neglectful. It extends to meanings of being unmarked, uncultivated, or inexperienced, and also has a specific anatomical meaning.

The root غلل primarily relates to concepts of enclosure, obstruction, and hidden or internal states. It encompasses meanings related to water channels, internal feelings like malice, and physical restraints, as well as things that are concealed or carried within.

This root primarily concerns the process of softening, preserving, or maturing something by wrapping, burying, or allowing it to accumulate. It extends to concepts of being dense, overgrown, or obscured, and also to a place or a specific type of valley.

The root غول primarily relates to the concept of taking or destroying something unexpectedly or stealthily. It encompasses ideas of deception, destruction, and the unseen dangers of desolate places, as well as the destructive force of anger.

This root primarily relates to dense vegetation, thickets, and lushness. It extends to concepts of abundance, sustenance, and also deceitful or treacherous actions, often involving hidden danger.

This root primarily concerns the concept of an omen or a good sign, often derived from hearing a word or phrase that suggests a positive outcome. It also extends to related actions like seeking or interpreting such signs, and includes a specific children's game.

The root 'فتل' primarily relates to the concept of twisting, coiling, or braiding. It extends to meanings of manipulation, deception, and even physical attributes related to the shape or form resulting from such actions.

This root primarily concerns the radish, a common root vegetable. It also extends to describe a specific manner of walking characterized by looseness or a relaxed gait, akin to that of an elderly person.

The root 'فحل' primarily relates to a male breeding animal, particularly a camel, signifying strength, virility, and leadership. It extends to describe male plants (date palms), esteemed individuals, and metaphorically, things that are potent or dominant.

This root appears to relate to a young hyena, specifically its offspring. It is also used metaphorically in a proverb to describe someone who is very flirtatious or seductive.

This root primarily deals with concepts of baseness, worthlessness, and lowliness, often applied to people. It also extends to meanings related to the refuse or dross of metals and the young shoots of date palms.

This root appears to describe a concept related to being last, slow, or inferior, particularly in the context of a race or social standing. It also extends to terms for a lowly or base person.

This root primarily relates to concepts of weakness, cowardice, and failure. It extends to describe a specific part of a howdah and, metaphorically, the flowing of water. It also has a distinct, and likely unrelated, meaning concerning male anatomy.

This root primarily concerns the concept of separation, division, and distinction. It extends to cutting, weaning, differentiating, and making clear judgments. Derived meanings also include specific parts of the body, units of time or rhythm, and social groupings.

This root primarily concerns concepts of superiority, abundance, and excellence, often in contrast to deficiency or lack. It extends to notions of generosity, bestowing favor, and having something left over. It also covers specific usages related to clothing and social standing.

This root appears to relate to a specific, ancient time period characterized by unusual geological conditions, possibly a primordial era. It also includes a proper name.

This root primarily concerns the concept of 'doing', 'making', or 'acting'. It encompasses the act itself, the result of the act, and the manner in which something is done. It also extends to the idea of fabrication or invention.

This root primarily describes a state of trembling or shivering, often associated with cold or fear. It also touches upon the concept of being unable to move or being paralyzed by such conditions.