Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily relates to the concept of lamenting, mourning, and remembering the deceased. It also extends to preserving or recalling information, and in a more obscure sense, refers to a specific type of milk-based drink.

This root primarily concerns lamentation, mourning, and expressing sorrow for the deceased, often involving reciting their virtues. It also extends to meanings of weakness, illness, and foolishness.

This root primarily relates to hope and expectation, encompassing the opposite of despair and the act of hoping. It also extends to meanings of direction, sides, and the act of delaying or postponing.

This root primarily relates to the concept of turning, rotating, or moving in a circular fashion. It encompasses the action of operating a millstone, the movement of a snake coiling, and the general idea of something being turned or worked.

This root primarily relates to the concept of grinding, milling, and the apparatus used for it (the millstone). It extends metaphorically to describe various large, prominent, or central things, including parts of the body, geographical features, and social structures. It also encompasses terms for specific locations and individuals associated with milling or prominent places.

This root primarily concerns the concept of softness, looseness, and gentleness. It extends to meanings of yielding, slowness, and ease, often in contrast to hardness or tightness. The derivations cover physical softness, emotional ease, and temporal slowness.

This root primarily relates to the act of throwing or casting something, often with force or intent. It can also refer to the object used in the act of throwing.

This root primarily concerns concepts of falling, destruction, and perishing. It extends to meanings of movement, striking, and even encompasses items of clothing and abstract qualities, both positive and negative.

This root primarily describes a state of weakness, illness, or being overburdened. It extends to concepts of decline, frailty, and the deterioration of animals, particularly horses and camels. It can also refer to a specific place name.

This root appears to be related to a proper name, specifically a person identified as the father of Khayr Muhammad ibn Ahmad, who was an imam at the mosque in Isfahan. The root itself does not seem to have a common semantic field in classical Arabic lexicography.

This root primarily deals with concepts of receiving kindness, support, and refuge. It encompasses the act of accepting benevolence and the state of relying on or seeking shelter with someone.

This root primarily concerns the concept of being fixed, stable, or settled. It extends to the act of anchoring a ship, establishing oneself, and even the cessation of rain or the settling of clouds. It can also refer to the act of mentioning or relating a part of a story.

This root primarily concerns the concept of bribery and illicit gain, extending to related actions like giving, taking, and seeking it. It also encompasses terms for ropes, particularly those used for drawing water, and metaphorical extensions of these concepts.

This root primarily concerns the concept of firmness, solidity, and stability. It extends to ideas of settling in a place, becoming established, and making something secure or well-built.

This root primarily concerns the concept of contentment, satisfaction, and approval. It extends to expressing pleasure, accepting something, and seeking someone's favor. Derived terms can also refer to specific individuals, places, or objects associated with these meanings.

This root primarily relates to the act of sexual intercourse, specifically the penetration of the female by the male. It encompasses the action itself and the individuals involved.

This root appears to be related to the plant 'Arta' (Calligonum comosum), its properties, and possibly locations named after it. The primary focus is on the plant itself and its characteristics.

This root pertains to the act of turning away from ignorance or wrongdoing and returning to a state of correctness or understanding. It encompasses the concept of repentance, reformation, and the cessation of foolish or misguided behavior.

This root primarily concerns the act of tending to or watching over something, particularly livestock. It extends to concepts of guardianship, observation, and the place where grazing occurs. The root also encompasses related terms for the animals themselves and the act of listening attentively.

This root primarily concerns the concept of frothing, foaming, or bubbling, often associated with liquids like milk or urine. It extends to sounds, particularly the cries of animals or children, and can also refer to specific entities like birds, rocks, or even a place name.

This root primarily relates to mending, repairing, and settling. It extends to concepts of reconciliation, agreement, and calming someone down, particularly from fear. It also appears in expressions of well-wishing.

This root appears to relate to concepts of largeness, abundance, and perhaps a specific type of animal product. It describes physical attributes like large ears and also refers to a type of milk.

This root primarily deals with concepts related to elevation, rising, and the upper parts of the body or landscape. It encompasses terms for specific elevated landforms and anatomical features in the upper chest and throat area.

This root primarily concerns the concept of ascending, rising, or climbing. It extends to related ideas like elevation, degrees, and even spiritual or magical ascent, such as in incantations.

This root primarily relates to concepts of smallness, containment, and support. It encompasses small vessels, wells, and basins, as well as actions of digging, reinforcing, and relying upon something or someone.

This root primarily relates to weakness, feebleness, and being insignificant. It describes a state of being frail, lacking strength, or being easily overcome. The derived terms often convey a sense of diminished capacity or importance.

This root primarily concerns the act of throwing, casting, or launching something. It extends to concepts of sending, projecting, and even the trajectory or outcome of an action. Derived meanings include concepts of delay, growth, divine aid, imprecation, and specific types of arrows or celestial phenomena.

This root primarily concerns the act of prolonged, fixed gazing, often with emotional or passionate undertones. It extends to related concepts like admiration, enchantment, and the sounds or music that evoke such feelings.

This root primarily relates to seeing, vision, and appearance. It also extends to concepts of banners, leadership, and specific geographical locations.

This root primarily concerns concepts of spaciousness, ease, and gentleness, extending to actions like spreading, settling, and approaching. It also encompasses specific geographical locations, tribal names, and a type of food preparation.

This root primarily relates to the concept of arrogance, pride, and haughtiness. It can also describe a state of fullness, particularly in the stomach, leading to immobility.

This root primarily relates to carrying, moving, and propelling something forward. It also extends to concepts of speed, vigor, and significant matters or troubles. Additionally, it denotes specific geographical locations and a historical figure.

This root primarily concerns the concept of pushing, driving, or propelling something forward. It extends to meanings of making things easy, smooth, or successful, and also relates to the intensity of penetration or progress.

This root entry appears to be a fragment, possibly related to a proper name or a specific lineage. It mentions a companion of the Prophet Muhammad and a descriptive term.

This root primarily relates to the act of giving, offering, or extending something, often with a sense of generosity or provision. It also encompasses related actions like playing, throwing, and reaching out.

This root primarily concerns the semantic field of finding fault, criticizing, or looking down upon someone or something. It also extends to concepts of belittling, overlooking, and in some contexts, a state of being between small and large.

This root entry is extremely brief and appears to be an incomplete or specialized entry. It primarily serves to identify a specific individual, Zaza, who is the grandfather of Muhammad ibn Mahmud ibn Ibrahim ibn Naba al-Farkani and the father of Abu al-Khayr ibn Zaza al-Muhaddith.

This root primarily relates to the concept of justice, fairness, and equity. It encompasses acting justly, being equitable, and establishing fairness in dealings.

This root primarily relates to the concept of crying or weeping, particularly for infants. It also extends to encompass specific terms for smells, ethnic groups, and geographical locations.

This root primarily relates to the concepts of driving away, expelling, and moving something from one place to another. It also encompasses sounds made by objects like bows and phenomena like mirages.

This root primarily concerns the act of calling out, shouting, or making a loud sound. It encompasses the vocalizations of both humans and animals, often implying a strong or resonant cry.

This root primarily relates to the concept of crying out, shouting, or making a loud noise. It also extends to related concepts like a heap or pile, and a specific geographical location.

This root primarily relates to growth, increase, and purity. It encompasses concepts of natural development, spiritual purification, and moral uprightness. It can also refer to the best or choicest part of something.

This root primarily relates to growth, increase, and purity. It encompasses concepts of flourishing, developing, and becoming clean or virtuous. It can also refer to a specific geographical location.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of footwear or sandal, possibly of foreign origin. It is described as a single unit of this footwear, with variations in pronunciation and etymology.

This root primarily relates to the concept of narrowness, constriction, or being tight. It can describe a physical state of being confined or a metaphorical state of hardship or difficulty.

This root primarily concerns the act of fornication or adultery. It extends to related concepts such as illegitimate offspring, and in a more specific geographical context, it refers to a place name.

This root primarily relates to turning, moving aside, gathering, and corners. It encompasses concepts of deviation, withdrawal, collection, and physical angles, as well as geographical locations and specific actions like straightening the back or driving away.

This root primarily concerns the concept of appearance, form, or manner. It describes how something or someone presents themselves, encompassing their attire, shape, or the way they conduct themselves.