Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)

This root primarily relates to the concept of fear, cowardice, and being easily frightened. It also extends to meanings of flowing or spreading, and a loud, frightening sound or event.

This root primarily relates to the concept of coloring or dyeing, specifically with saffron. It also extends to the idea of dedicating or obligating oneself to something, such as a religious duty or pilgrimage.

This root primarily relates to reeds, rushes, and hollow stems, often associated with fireflies or musical instruments. It also extends to describe a cowardly person.

This root primarily concerns the concept of rising, elevation, and reaching a certain stage of growth or maturity. It is often applied to both geographical features and the physical development of a young person.

This root primarily concerns the concept of ripeness and maturity, particularly for fruits. It also extends metaphorically to the maturation or coming of age of a young person.

This root primarily relates to places and specific historical events associated with them. It also encompasses concepts of division and sharing, particularly in the context of fate or destiny.

The root بدغ primarily relates to being stained or smeared, particularly with something unpleasant like dirt or evil. It can also refer to a specific act of treachery or betrayal.

This root pertains to the concept of fullness, completeness, and maturity, particularly in relation to youth and its prime.

This root primarily concerns the concept of emerging, appearing, or beginning, especially in relation to celestial bodies, natural phenomena, and the initial stages of growth. It also extends to the act of making an incision or opening.

This root primarily describes the act of being smeared or stained with something. It also extends to the meaning of crawling or moving along the ground, particularly in a low or creeping manner.

This root appears to relate to sounds of water, specifically a type of gurgling or rumbling, and also to the concept of being quick or hasty.

The root 'بلغ' primarily concerns the concept of reaching, arriving at, or attaining something, whether physically, metaphorically, or in terms of maturity. It also extends to conveying or delivering information, sufficiency, and excellence.

This root primarily relates to the concept of agitation, surging, or becoming inflamed, particularly concerning blood or a person's temperament. It also extends to a specific type of loose soil.

This root describes the imitation of a sound, specifically a rattling or clinking noise. It is often associated with the sound produced when objects, like jewelry, strike against each other.

This root describes a speech impediment characterized by unclear articulation, often due to excessive movement of the teeth and mouth. It pertains to someone who speaks indistinctly or with a lisp.

This root primarily deals with the concept of splitting, cracking, or breaking something, particularly the head. It extends to describe fruit that has fallen and split open.

This root primarily relates to the concept of crushing, smashing, or deeply dyeing. It extends to describe the upper part of a mountain and the act of thoroughly saturating a fabric with dye.

This root primarily concerns the process of tanning animal hides to make them durable and usable. It extends to the materials used for tanning and the act of tanning itself, as well as the resulting tanned hide.

This root primarily deals with the concept of tickling, which involves light touching or stroking to elicit laughter or a physical reaction. It can also extend to the idea of provoking or stimulating something.

This root primarily concerns the brain and severe head injuries. It also extends to a specific type of severe wound that penetrates the skull to the brain, and metaphorically to a destructive growth on a palm tree.

This root appears to relate to allowing animals, specifically camels, to access water freely and without restriction. It describes a state of being left unattended or unsupervised in their watering habits.

This root primarily relates to mud, mire, and thick water. It also extends to concepts of foolishness and a specific anatomical region.

This root primarily concerns the concept of mud, mire, and wetness, particularly from rain. It extends to the idea of reaching or becoming stuck in this wetness, and metaphorically, to weakening or finding fault with someone.

This root primarily concerns the anatomical region of the lower leg or foreleg in animals, specifically the joint between the hoof and the cannon bone. It also extends to concepts related to binding or restricting movement at this joint, and a condition of weakness or laxity in the limbs.

This root primarily relates to concepts of abundance, ease, and sustenance, particularly in the context of living and animal care. It also extends to specific preparations involving milk and flour.

This root primarily concerns the concept of abundance, spaciousness, and prosperity, particularly in relation to livelihood and living conditions. It also extends to describe physical spaciousness in certain body parts.

This root primarily concerns the concept of deviating, swerving, or moving stealthily. It extends to meanings of seeking, desiring, and also implies a form of wrestling or struggling.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of language or dialect, possibly non-Arabic in origin. It is mentioned in the context of a particular way of speaking.

This root primarily concerns the concept of deviation, inclining, or swerving from a straight path, whether physically or metaphorically. It extends to meanings of straying, looking askance, and even adornment.

This root primarily concerns the concept of completeness, abundance, and extensiveness. It is often applied to blessings, provisions, and physical attributes like length or breadth, implying fullness and sufficiency.

This root primarily relates to the act of pushing, inserting, or pressing something into another substance, often with a sense of thoroughness or absorption. It also extends to the idea of entering or penetrating, and metaphorically, to the absorption of richness or fat.

This root primarily concerns the shedding or eruption of teeth, specifically the permanent teeth that replace milk teeth in young livestock. It also extends to describe the stage of growth associated with this dental change and a culinary term for undercooked meat.

This root primarily concerns the concept of something being easy to swallow or pass down, extending metaphorically to things being permissible, acceptable, or easy to endure. It also relates to a specific familial relationship.

This root primarily describes a repetitive, often irritating, sound or motion. It encompasses the act of moving something back and forth, particularly in the context of a wound, and also refers to a specific type of bird's call.

The root صبغ (ṣ-b-gh) primarily relates to the act of dyeing or coloring. It extends to the substance used for dyeing, the resulting color or dye, and metaphorically to religious affiliation or a distinguishing characteristic. It also describes specific physical markings on animals.

This root primarily concerns the temple area of the head, including the hair around it. It extends to related concepts like alignment, weakness, and a specific period of infancy.

This root pertains to the characteristics of young, immature animals, particularly those with hooves like cattle and sheep. It describes their physical state and appearance when young.

This root primarily concerns various types of tree sap and gums, particularly the gum arabic. It also extends to related concepts like sticky substances and anatomical terms.

The root صوغ (ṣ-w-ġ) primarily relates to the act of shaping, forming, or crafting something, particularly metals. It extends to creating, fabricating, and even fabricating falsehoods. The root also encompasses the idea of being of a certain form or measure.

This root appears to relate to the concept of chewing, grinding, or masticating, often with a sense of softness or tenderness. It also extends to descriptions of tender vegetation and soft dough, and by extension, a state of abundance or prosperity.

This root primarily describes the act of breaking or splitting something hollow, particularly a head. It conveys a sense of forceful impact leading to fracture.

The root FRGH primarily relates to emptiness, completion, and pouring out. It encompasses concepts of finishing tasks, emptying containers, and the absence of something. It also extends to notions of spaciousness and wasted effort.

This root primarily describes the act of covering, overwhelming, or spreading over something. It can also denote entering into or between things, and in a derived sense, refers to a spreading plant.

This root pertains to speech impediments, specifically the mispronunciation of certain consonants. It describes the act of lisping and the individuals who exhibit this speech defect.

This root primarily concerns the act of stinging or biting, particularly by venomous creatures like scorpions. It extends metaphorically to sharp, hurtful words or actions that provoke or wound someone.

This root primarily relates to the concept of rubbing, smearing, or rolling around, often in dirt or mud. It extends to meanings of salivating, excessive or nonsensical speech, and a specific anatomical term for the cecum.

This root primarily relates to a specific manner of eating, particularly consuming watery or soft foods. It also extends to a figurative sense of being untainted or pure.

This root primarily concerns the act of chewing, masticating, and the resulting chewed substance. It extends to describe a piece of flesh, particularly the heart, and anatomical terms related to the jaw.

This root primarily deals with the concept of mixing, confusion, and mingling. It describes a state of being blended together, often to the point of indistinctness or obscurity.

This root pertains to foolishness and speaking obscenely. It describes someone who is foolish and uses foul language, often in a way that is not merely imitative but a characteristic of their speech.