Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily deals with the concept of becoming dirty or soiled. It describes a state of uncleanness or impurity, often applied to physical objects like clothing.

This root primarily concerns beauty, fairness, and cleanliness, particularly in appearance. It extends to the act of purification, especially ritual ablution, and also encompasses concepts of maturity and outdoing others in beauty.

This root primarily concerns the act of stepping on, treading, or pressing something down. It extends to concepts of agreement, yielding, and making something easy or accessible. It also encompasses physical descriptions of terrain and specific culinary preparations.

This root primarily concerns the concept of leaning on something for support, whether physically or metaphorically. It extends to the act of resting, supporting oneself, and the objects used for such purposes. It also includes the idea of being overcome by labor or pain, leading to a state of collapse or distress.

This root primarily relates to the concept of signaling, pointing, or gesturing, often with a subtle or indirect intention. It also extends to the meaning of a calamity or a significant, overwhelming event.

This root primarily relates to the sounds made when calling or driving camels. It encompasses the specific vocalizations used for encouragement or deterrence, as well as the act of making these sounds and the person who makes them.

This root appears to be related to a specific tribe or group of people from Arabia. The primary entry defines it as a 'tribe of Arabs'. Further derivations or meanings are not provided in this fragment.

This root primarily relates to striking, breaking, and tearing. It also extends to concepts of time, specifically portions of the night, and physical deformities like hunchbackedness.

This root primarily deals with the concepts of satiation, appeasement, and the act of eating or consuming. It also extends to meanings related to stopping or ceasing, and in a derived sense, to foolishness or being slow-witted.

This root primarily concerns the concept of stillness, quietness, and cessation of activity. It extends to meanings of settling in a place, death, and specific times of the night. It also describes physical states like a camel's hump diminishing and a horse's condition.

This root primarily concerns the idea of cutting, breaking, or destruction. It extends to causing harm or distress to someone, and also to the decay or ruin of things, particularly wounds or livestock.

This root primarily concerns excessive or nonsensical speech, and the effects of extreme cold or heat, particularly on living beings and food. It also touches upon specific, less common meanings related to palm saplings and demonic entities.

This root primarily concerns the concept of mockery, ridicule, and derision. It also extends to meanings related to hardship, intense cold, and death, as well as physical actions like breaking or moving something.

This root primarily concerns the concept of something being old, worn out, or tattered, particularly referring to clothing. It extends to the actions of wearing out, tearing, or making something old.

This root primarily concerns things that are easy to swallow, pleasant, or come without hardship. It extends to concepts of congratulating someone, providing sustenance, aiding, and also to specific agricultural and geographical terms.

This root primarily deals with concepts of elevation, aspiration, and opinion. It also encompasses expressions related to affirmation, giving, and calling out, particularly in the context of religious supplication and general address.

This root primarily concerns the state, condition, or manner of something. It extends to describing someone's appearance, preparing or making something ready, and also includes terms related to invitation and a specific type of camel.

This root primarily relates to expressing affection, calling out, and gathering. It encompasses actions of showing kindness, summoning people, and making sounds associated with birds.

This root primarily relates to the plant henna and its use as a dye. It encompasses the plant itself, the act of dyeing with it, and variations in pronunciation and grammatical treatment of these terms.

This root primarily relates to concepts of vegetation, pasture, and growth, as well as movement, preparation, and longing. It also encompasses terms for water, floods, and defeat, with some geographical names.

This root primarily concerns garments, particularly those worn by women, and their construction. It also extends to concepts of preparation, rigidity, and a specific type of bow posture, as well as a description of a crooked fingernail.

This root primarily relates to elevated or prominent land features, as well as certain types of trees and geographical locations associated with historical figures.

This root primarily concerns politeness, good manners, and refinement, encompassing concepts like etiquette, cultivation, and teaching. It also extends to meanings related to hospitality, feasts, and abundance, as well as geographical and natural phenomena.

This root primarily relates to concepts of constriction, scarcity, and negative physical attributes. It describes animals that do not ruminate, individuals who are short, stout, or ill-formed, and situations of hardship like severe drought. It also touches upon the act of dividing or sharing resources.

This root primarily relates to hair or dense growth, specifically referring to hair in certain areas of the body, or abundant wool on a sheep. It can also describe land that has become verdant and covered in vegetation.

This root primarily concerns the concept of mixing, blending, or comingling. It extends to meanings of criticism, dense growth, and association, as well as specific terms for mixtures and a wolf.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of gathering, assembling, and driving, often with connotations of force or urgency. It extends to related ideas like speed, unity, and sometimes negative actions such as incitement or hostility. The root also touches upon physical states like thirst, fever, and the beginning of healing.

This root primarily relates to the act of admonishing, reproaching, or questioning someone. It also extends to meanings associated with food aversion and specific types of plants and fragrances.

This root primarily concerns the concept of returning, coming back, or going back. It extends to related ideas such as the passage of time, movement, and even specific phenomena like clouds and wind, often with a connotation of regularity or habit.

This root primarily relates to preparation, readiness, and equipment. It also extends to the concept of skin or hide, and includes geographical locations and personal names.

This root primarily relates to the concept of returning or coming back. It encompasses the act of returning, the state of being back, and related terms.

This root describes characteristics of horses, specifically focusing on their physical build and gait. It denotes shortness, stoutness, a wide stride, and a long reach or capacity.

This root primarily relates to sounds, particularly the babbling of a child, and also encompasses terms for plumpness, foolishness, and specific names or titles.

This entry is a proper noun, referring to the paternal grandfather of the renowned hadith scholar Imam al-Bukhari. The name is of Persian origin and signifies 'the farmers' or 'cultivators'.

This root appears to be a very obscure or possibly erroneous entry. The provided text only defines it as a place name, specifically 'a place in Bukhara'. Without further context or derived forms, its semantic range is extremely limited.

This root appears to relate to a specific place name, possibly a town or region. The entry is extremely brief and lacks detailed semantic information beyond its geographical identification.

This root appears to be primarily used as a nisba, indicating origin or affiliation with a place or group. It is associated with individuals from Bukhara and is used to identify scholars and traditionists.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a gate, door, or entrance, extending to metaphorical meanings like a goal, limit, or a specific path. It also encompasses geographical locations and personal names derived from this core idea.

This root primarily relates to water channels, conduits, and the act of supplying water. It also extends to personal names and titles of leadership.

This root appears to be a variant or a misspelling related to the root 'وب' (w-'-b), concerning concepts of returning, going back, or perhaps a specific type of animal or entity. The entry itself is very brief and points to another root for its primary meaning.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of tree used in the crafting of bows. The entry is very brief and focuses on this single application.

This root primarily denotes deficiency, loss, and ruin. It extends to concepts of destruction, hardship, and even specific types of dates and animals. The root also encompasses states of weakness, aging, and severe conditions.

This root primarily relates to the refining of silver and metals, specifically the molten residue or slag. It also encompasses tribal names and historical figures associated with those tribes.

This entry discusses a specific term related to female camels, clarifying its etymology and distinguishing it from other related terms. It also references another root for related concepts.

This root primarily relates to dust, earth, and soil. It extends to concepts of poverty, loss, and closeness to the ground. It also encompasses terms for peers, contemporaries, and specific anatomical or geographical locations.

This root appears to relate to specific geographical locations, possibly named after a characteristic or historical event. The entry suggests the names are derived from the letter 'ta' (ت) in their original form.

This root primarily concerns the concept of tiredness, fatigue, and exhaustion. It extends to the idea of causing weariness in others or things, and also includes specific, less common meanings related to mending bones and filling vessels.

This root primarily denotes ugliness, suspicion, and corruption. It extends to encompass concepts of ruin, filth, scarcity, hunger, and defect.

This root primarily relates to concepts of straightening, standing erect, and becoming firm or upright. It also encompasses specific proper nouns and a term for a young donkey.