Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily concerns terms related to specific groups of people in ancient India and Persia, particularly those associated with fire worship or high status. It also extends to describe a particular gait or manner of walking.

This root appears to be extremely rare, possibly unique, and is primarily associated with a specific prophetic tradition concerning the Second Coming of Jesus. The term likely describes a type of garment or covering.

This root primarily relates to speed, swiftness, and intensity. It encompasses rapid movement, particularly in animals like camels, as well as intense natural phenomena such as heavy rain and heat. It also touches upon excessive talkativeness and specific gait patterns.

This root pertains to severe, difficult, or overwhelming matters. It describes situations that are intense, arduous, or burdensome, often implying a significant challenge or hardship.

This root primarily relates to a type of bird, specifically a sandgrouse. It also extends to terms for a man and a tree, with a specific derivative referring to Jewish people.

This root primarily relates to the concept of 'repairing' or 'improving' something, particularly plants. It extends to meanings of 'stinging' (like a scorpion), 'backbiting', and 'destroying'. Derived terms include 'needle', 'healer/seller of needles', anatomical parts, and various specific places or entities.

This root appears to relate to the concept of stringing or tension, specifically in the context of a bow. It also includes a geographical place name.

This root primarily concerns compensation, wages, and reward for work or services. It extends to concepts of rent, hiring, and even the idea of a dowry or a good reputation as a form of reward. It also encompasses related terms for building materials and specific locations.

This root primarily concerns the concept of 'lastness', 'behindness', and 'later occurrence'. It encompasses notions of being subsequent in time, position, or order, contrasting with 'first' or 'ahead'. It also extends to concepts of delay, the end, and things that persist until a later time.

This root primarily describes a medical condition related to the scrotum, specifically a rupture or swelling of the testicle. It also extends to describe a large testicle without rupture.

This root appears to be related to a specific month in the Roman calendar. The primary lemma denotes the sixth month of the Roman year.

This root primarily relates to forceful actions like driving, expelling, and intercourse. It also encompasses concepts of ignition, specific agricultural tools, and sounds, particularly those associated with gambling or general vocalization.

This root primarily relates to concepts of encompassing, strength, weakness, and support. It extends to clothing, origins, and specific geographical locations or names. The core idea often involves wrapping, covering, or providing a foundation.

This root primarily concerns the concept of binding, tying, and restraining, extending to physical confinement, strong constitution, and even medical conditions related to retention. It also encompasses related objects and specific terms for parts of saddles and furniture.

This root entry appears to be a fragment, primarily defining a proper noun or epithet. It references another root ('sh-t-r') for further derivation, suggesting a connection to concepts of being crooked, bent, or perhaps mischievous, but the direct semantic field of 'al-ishter' itself is not elaborated here.

This root primarily relates to concepts of liveliness, agility, and sharpness, often applied to animals, particularly horses and camels. It also extends to the idea of making something sharp or serrated, like teeth or tools, and can refer to specific geographical locations or people associated with them.

This root primarily relates to concepts of binding, restraining, and holding fast. It extends to encompass agreements, obligations, and even physical confinement. Derived meanings also include closeness, connection, and abundance.

This root primarily concerns the concept of enclosing, framing, or encircling something. It extends to notions of bending, curving, and forming a boundary or structure around an object or concept. It also encompasses related ideas like confinement, a specific type of dwelling, and even abstract concepts like destiny or speech.

This root primarily relates to concepts of rapid movement, intensity, and abundance. It encompasses actions like running, leaping, and vigorous boiling, as well as states of being energetic, well-fed, or overwhelmed. It also denotes groups, hardships, and the beginning of seasons.

This root primarily describes a wide, fertile valley or plain, often characterized by abundant water and vegetation, particularly sour plants. It conveys a sense of spaciousness and richness in the landscape.

This root primarily relates to the concept of a hollow or depression, particularly one that collects water. It also extends to the act of digging or excavating such a place, and by extension, to agricultural labor.

This root primarily concerns the concept of command, order, and authority, extending to leadership, governance, and the execution of tasks. It also encompasses related ideas like events, matters, and the passage of time, as well as terms for specific roles and objects associated with command and administration.

This root primarily relates to intense heat, fire, and thirst. It also extends to concepts of fear, agitation, anger, and swift movement, particularly in difficult conditions. Additionally, it encompasses directions, clouds, shame, and specific geographical or personal names.

This root primarily relates to a good state, appearance, or household furnishings. It also denotes a specific geographical location.

This root primarily relates to the penis and sexual intercourse. It also extends to terms for wind, months, and specific places or objects.

This root primarily concerns the act of digging or excavating, specifically a well. It extends to related concepts like preparing, storing, or concealing something, often in a hidden or reserved manner.

This root appears to be related to a specific type of animal, possibly a large cat, and also includes personal names derived from it. The term is noted as being of foreign origin (mu'arrab).

This root primarily concerns the concept of cutting, severing, or being cut off. It extends to descriptions of sharp objects, individuals lacking offspring or lineage, and things that are incomplete or lacking essential parts. It also encompasses specific terms in prosody, zoology, and historical/religious contexts.

This root primarily relates to small eruptions or pustules, but also extends to concepts of abundance, scarcity, and specific geographical features like stony ground or water sources. It can also describe a very wealthy person or rapid movement.

This root appears to relate to the concept of spreading out or scattering, particularly in the context of horses.

This root primarily relates to the navel, but extends to abdominal swellings, knots, and by extension, significant matters, flaws, and formidable individuals or events. It also encompasses specific historical figures and places.

This root primarily describes someone or something as short and stocky in build. It also refers to a specific lineage or tribe, particularly among the Tayy, and includes a verb related to claiming lineage.

This root primarily describes the act of scattering, dispersing, or spreading something out. It can also refer to the state of being separated or curdled, particularly in the context of milk.

This root appears to describe something that is stunted, short, or not fully developed. It relates to a lack of growth or completion.

This root primarily relates to vapor, steam, and exhalation, often associated with heat or unpleasant odors. It extends to concepts of foul smells, particularly in the mouth, and also encompasses smoke and certain plants and places.

This root primarily describes a good, graceful, or proud manner of walking. It also extends to individuals characterized by such a gait, including those who are handsome, imposing, or conceited. Additionally, it refers to specific individuals known as hadith narrators.

This root describes the state of being turbid, cloudy, or disturbed, particularly in liquids like water or in fabrics. It also encompasses the action of scattering or dispersing something, leading to this disturbed state.

This root primarily concerns the concept of hastening, acting quickly, or being ahead of others. It extends to meanings related to the full moon, a leader, and specific geographical locations or historical figures. It also encompasses terms for physical attributes, parts of the body, and agricultural or financial concepts.

This root primarily concerns the act of sowing seeds, the seeds themselves, and the resulting growth. It extends metaphorically to concepts of spreading, scattering, and prolific speech, as well as to negative connotations of wastefulness and slander.

This root primarily describes the act of scattering, dispersing, or fleeing. It can also refer to horses running rapidly, often in pursuit or eagerness.

This root primarily describes the act of scattering, dispersing, or becoming separated. It conveys a sense of fragmentation and lack of cohesion, often used in contexts of physical separation or dissipation.

This root appears to be a foreign loanword or a highly unusual formation, possibly related to a specific place or concept. Its usage is primarily cited from classical grammarians like Sibawayh, suggesting limited independent derivation or common usage in standard Arabic.

This entry appears to be a very brief and possibly incomplete entry. It seems to relate to a specific place name or a proper noun, possibly a city or region, and its association with ginger.

This root primarily concerns seeds used for planting and as spices. It extends to related concepts like offspring, marrow, and striking. Derived terms also refer to specific professions, places, and descriptive epithets for people and objects.

This root appears to describe a state of ill temper or bad disposition, particularly when directed towards someone. It also includes a proper name derived from the root.

This root primarily refers to a place name, specifically a city or region. It is also used as a nisba, indicating origin from that place.

The root 'بسر' primarily relates to hastiness, premature action, and the early stages of something, particularly fruits like dates. It also encompasses concepts of sternness, harshness, and the beginning of things, including natural phenomena and even specific locations and individuals.