Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)

This root primarily relates to rapid movement, especially of animals struggling or kicking. It also extends to the act of digging or stirring up the earth, often in a vigorous manner.

This root appears to describe a state of fullness or plumpness, particularly in young women. It is a rare root with limited attestation.

This root primarily discusses a type of growth or extension, whether from the earth, sea, or fabric. It also refers to a group of people and specific parts of clothing or armor used for expansion.

This root primarily denotes the young of various small burrowing animals and some domestic animals. It also extends to related concepts like burrows, swiftness in camels, and can be used metaphorically for confusion or foolishness.

This root appears to relate to the concept of humility, submissiveness, and perhaps a degree of abjectness or servility. It describes a state of being low, humbled, or showing deference.

This root appears to relate to a specific, perhaps onomatopoeic, action of striking or hitting, particularly with the hands. It seems to describe a sharp, repetitive, or forceful impact.

This root primarily describes mounds of sand, particularly smaller ones, and related concepts like soft, sandy ground. It also extends to the idea of being crushed, decomposed, or killed, often due to heat or physical force, and the act of thrusting or stabbing.

This root appears to describe something small, weak, or insignificant in physical form. It conveys a sense of being diminished or lacking substance.

This root primarily relates to small, aquatic creatures, particularly those that dive or inhabit stagnant water. It extends metaphorically to describe intrusive or meddling individuals and the early stages of embryonic development in horses.

The root دغص primarily relates to the concept of being full, especially to the point of discomfort or blockage, often associated with overeating or consuming specific types of food. It also extends to physical descriptions of fullness, such as plumpness or a rounded bone structure, and metaphorically to being overwhelmed or facing imminent death.

This root pertains to the concept of being stout, corpulent, and having an abundance of flesh. It describes a state of physical fullness and substantiality.

This root appears to be rare and primarily refers to a specific type of onion. Its usage is limited and found in classical texts.

This root appears to be very rare and possibly obscure, with limited attestations. It is primarily associated with the meaning of a beast or animal.

This root describes something that is bright, shining, or lustrous, particularly in color. It is often used to describe a horse's coat or a woman's appearance, implying a dazzling or sparkling quality.

The root دمص primarily relates to hastening, dropping, or expelling something prematurely or quickly. It is often associated with animals giving birth or laying eggs, and can also describe a thinning or sparseness, particularly of hair or eyebrows.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of sword and, according to Abu Amr, to silk.

This root appears to describe something that shines or gleams, particularly in color. It is related to the concept of inversion or reversal in linguistic analysis, linking to a triliteral root.

This root appears to relate to smallness or insignificance, specifically describing a small creature or a woman of slight build.

This root appears to relate to craftsmanship, skill, and the execution of intricate work, particularly in a refined or expert manner. It suggests a high level of proficiency and meticulous attention to detail in creation or construction.

This root primarily describes the concept of slipping, sliding, or moving stealthily, often in a way that is difficult to grasp or control. It extends to meanings of evasion, sudden appearance, and also to terms for low or base individuals due to their furtive movements.

This root primarily concerns the concept of waiting, anticipation, and delay. It encompasses various nuances of expecting something, whether good or bad, and can also refer to a period of waiting or a delay in a situation.

The root رخص primarily relates to qualities of softness, gentleness, and low cost or ease. It describes physical textures, the yielding nature of plants, and the state of being inexpensive or affordable. It also extends to concepts of permission, concession, and a relaxed or lenient approach.

This root primarily concerns the concept of joining, pressing, or fitting things tightly together. It extends to concepts of solidity, compactness, and adherence, often applied to construction, physical proximity, and even metaphorical closeness. It also has specific applications related to lead and certain types of stones.

This root primarily describes a motion of shaking, trembling, or sudden movement. It can apply to inanimate objects like trees and lightning, as well as animals and even abstract concepts like markets becoming volatile.

This root primarily concerns the concept of a turn, a turn of duty, or a period of time, often in the context of sharing or alternating. It also extends to the idea of a price or market value rising or becoming expensive.

The root رقص primarily denotes a type of rapid, lively movement, often associated with galloping or trotting, particularly for horses and camels. It can also describe agitation, fluctuation, or intense boiling, and metaphorically, a surge in prices or a lively dance.

This root primarily concerns matter that collects in the eye, specifically discharge or residue. It extends to related concepts like smallness, stickiness, and the appearance of the eye. Figuratively, it can refer to mending, reconciling, acquiring, or even a specific type of plant.

The root رهص primarily relates to the concept of impact, pressure, or a pressing action, often causing injury or weakening. It extends to meanings of urging, urging on, or taking something forcefully, and also to the idea of establishing or laying a foundation.

This root appears to describe a state of regaining composure or sense after a period of foolishness or immaturity. It signifies a return to reason and proper conduct.

This root primarily describes a state of roughness, entanglement, and prickliness, often associated with thorny plants. It conveys the idea of things becoming intertwined or catching on each other, leading to a rough or sharp texture.

This root appears to describe small or young animals, specifically camels. The derived terms refer to a young camel.

This root primarily describes animals, particularly sheep and camels, that are barren, have little or no milk, or have not been bred. It also extends to concepts of being distant, thin, or of poor quality.

The root 'شخص' primarily relates to the concept of a visible form, body, or entity. It extends to notions of elevation, prominence, and movement, particularly travel. It also encompasses the act of looking intently or raising one's gaze, and metaphorically, speaking loudly or being agitated.

This root primarily relates to specific anatomical features of the head, particularly the temples and the receding hairline. It also extends to describe a defect in a camel's bridle and a type of rough terrain.

This root appears to describe something large, tall, and possibly imposing, specifically in relation to a camel. It focuses on physical attributes of size and stature.

This root primarily denotes harshness, dryness, and scarcity, particularly concerning livelihood and animal milk production. It also extends to concepts of urgency, difficulty, and even a type of fishing tool.

This root primarily concerns the concept of a portion, share, or piece of something, often land or property. It extends to ideas of division, distribution, and even a specific type of arrow or a fine horse. The meanings can range from a clearly defined part to a small amount of a larger whole.

This root appears to be related to the concept of a man or person, possibly with connotations of roughness or harshness, as it is linked to the root شكس.

The root شمص (shamaṣa) primarily relates to agitation, urging, and forceful driving. It extends to meanings of hastening, provoking, and causing distress or fear, often through sharp or sudden actions.

This root primarily describes the concept of clinging to or being attached to something. It also extends to describe a horse that is energetic, swift, and long, and can refer to a place.

This root appears to be related to the concept of being sharp, pointed, or having a prominent nose. It is primarily used to describe physical attributes, particularly of the nose, and can extend to describe sharpness or keenness.

This root primarily describes poor quality dates, specifically those that are underdeveloped, lack a hardened pit, or are entirely seedless. It extends metaphorically to describe someone who causes hardship or brings matters to the attention of authorities.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of food or dish, particularly one associated with the people of Yamama. It also has a less common usage related to Arabization or making something Arabic.

This root primarily describes stinginess, meanness, and isolation, particularly in relation to food and social interaction. It can refer to a stingy person, someone who eats alone, or a generally ignoble and ungenerous individual.

This root primarily relates to things that are shriveled, shrunken, or dried out, particularly dates. It also extends to sharp or pointed objects, protective structures, and tools used in weaving.

This root appears to describe a small, crawling creature, possibly an insect or a similar invertebrate. The terms derived from this root specifically refer to such a creature.

This root primarily relates to elongated, tough, or sinewy structures, often associated with animal anatomy or derived objects. It also encompasses the act of pulling or tearing something into a long, thin shape.