Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)

This root primarily describes things that are large, bulky, or stout. It extends to negative qualities like bad character and also refers to specific objects like large jars or even large lice.

This root primarily relates to the concept of arrogance and haughtiness. It also extends to descriptions of physical bulkiness or largeness, often associated with a proud demeanor.

This root describes a specific manner of walking characterized by short, hurried steps, possibly with a slight hunch or awkwardness. It relates to a particular gait and its associated qualities of haste and a somewhat compressed movement.

This root appears to describe something or someone that is large, bulky, and fleshy. It is primarily used to denote a stout or corpulent young boy.

This root appears to be related to the concept of an egg, possibly with Persian influence. It primarily defines a specific term for an egg.

This root primarily concerns decoration, embellishment, and fine textiles, often with Persian origins. It extends to describing the beautification of land, fine features of the face, and even specific types of birds and camels.

This root primarily relates to slow, deliberate, or close movement, often associated with walking or creeping. It also extends to concepts of darkness, covering, and being fully equipped, particularly with armor.

This root primarily relates to forceful actions, including rubbing, dragging, and sexual intercourse. It also encompasses the idea of a vigorous, abrasive rubbing similar to tanning leather.

This root primarily concerns the concept of rolling, tumbling, or moving something in a circular or downward motion. It extends to describe things that are round or spherical, and by extension, can refer to small, round objects or even young creatures that move in a rolling manner.

The root 'درج' primarily relates to the concepts of gradual movement, progression, and the passage of time. It encompasses ideas of stepping, ascending, descending, and the aging or maturation of animals, particularly camels. It also extends to the idea of something being rolled up or inserted, and metaphorically to the transmission of information or influence.

This root describes a slow, deliberate, and often proud or swaggering gait. It encompasses the act of crawling or moving slowly, as well as a specific manner of walking characterized by ease and self-importance.

This root primarily describes a state of mutual affection and companionship between two individuals, often likened to the bond between a mother camel and her offspring. It can also refer to the act of a mother camel nuzzling or caressing her young.

This root primarily relates to entering, concealing oneself within something, and moving stealthily or with a creeping gait. It also encompasses the idea of approaching or descending upon someone.

This root appears to relate to sounds, specifically those associated with animals or objects, and potentially to a specific color or hue. It is also linked to concepts of speed and mixing.

This root appears to relate to the act of weaving or spinning, specifically by small creatures like spiders. It describes the creation of webs or threads.

This root primarily describes intense blackness, particularly in the eyes, but also extends to darkness in general, such as in the night sky. It can also refer to a dark complexion or features, and is used metaphorically for specific times or places.

This root primarily denotes the concept of speed and rapid movement. It is used to describe the act of moving quickly or hastening.

The root دعلج primarily relates to movement, often characterized by a lack of purpose or a specific type of gait. It also extends to meanings associated with abundance, darkness, and specific objects or creatures.

The root دمج primarily relates to entering, joining, and becoming integrated or firm. It extends to concepts of being well-formed, compact, and even implies agreement or reconciliation. The root also encompasses meanings of speed and swiftness in movement.

This root primarily relates to smoothing, shaping, and making something round or even. It extends to describe well-formed objects, particularly jewelry, and also refers to smooth, firm ground.

This root pertains to the concept of being large, great, or immense in creation or stature. It describes something or someone of significant size and imposing physical presence.

This root appears to relate to concepts of intelligence, wisdom, and the meticulous execution of affairs. It describes discerning individuals and the thoroughness with which tasks are completed.

This root appears to describe something large, imposing, or of great stature. It is primarily used for physical size and grandeur, particularly in relation to animals.

This root primarily relates to the concept of rapid movement, rolling, or swift progression. It encompasses the act of moving quickly, often with a sense of tumbling or continuous motion.

This root primarily describes a type of gait or movement, often associated with camels. It can refer to a slow, deliberate walk, or a swift, long stride. It also extends to describing a camel with two humps.

This root primarily describes swiftness and speed, particularly in animals like camels. It also extends to descriptions of physical attributes, such as having two humps, and to certain precious stones or minerals.

This root primarily discusses the concept of needs, desires, and the act of serving or attending to them. It also touches upon a type of garment, though its origin is debated.

This root appears to relate to concepts of size, movement, and possibly a type of locust. It describes something large, a slow or short walk, and a specific term for locusts.

This root primarily concerns the act of drinking, particularly excessive or forceful drinking, and related actions like gulping. It also extends to meanings of piercing, blowing, and killing.

This root appears to be a rare or possibly erroneous variant related to food and eating. The primary term discussed is a food item, potentially a type of stew or prepared dish, with its meaning derived from a reversed form of another word.

This root appears to relate to the act of arriving from a journey and the act of drinking. The primary derived terms focus on these two distinct meanings.

This root primarily relates to the action of dragging, pulling, or moving something along the ground, often with friction. It also extends to the idea of a mother abandoning or leaving her child at birth, and metaphorically to a tribe's name derived from a mother's action.

This root appears to be very limited in its usage, primarily referring to a specific place name. The derived forms are scarce and seem to be directly related to this geographical designation.

This root appears to describe forceful pushing or thrusting. It is also used metaphorically to refer to sexual intercourse. The root is noted as rare and possibly idiosyncratic to a specific lexicographer.

This root primarily relates to the act of swallowing or drinking something smoothly and easily, often in large quantities. It can also extend to the idea of something being cold or icy, particularly when referring to water.

This root primarily relates to the act of drinking deeply or swallowing forcefully. It also extends to the concept of moving quickly or hastening.

This root appears to describe rapid, swift movement or passing. It is primarily associated with the concept of passing quickly, often in a manner that is difficult to follow or perceive.

This root appears to relate to the concept of carrying or bearing heavy loads, particularly for camels. It describes the capacity and action of transporting significant cargo, especially in a commercial context.

This root primarily concerns states of confusion, dullness, or being overwhelmed. It also extends to descriptions of physical fullness or abundance, and in a derived sense, boasting or pride.

The root رتج (rtg) primarily relates to the concept of closing, blocking, or obstructing, especially in the context of doors and passages. It extends to meanings of being stuck, unable to proceed, or being tightly sealed, both literally and figuratively.

This root appears to be related to a place name, specifically a region or district. The primary meaning provided is that of a known area or territory.

This root primarily concerns the first excrement expelled by newborn animals, particularly those with hooves, before they have eaten. It also extends to materials made from black leather, specifically shoes, and potentially a black dye or pigment.

The root رعج (ra'aja) primarily denotes a sense of disturbance, agitation, and rapid succession or abundance. It is often associated with the flickering and continuous appearance of lightning, but also extends to the profusion of numbers, wealth, and even the filling of a valley.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of palm tree or its fruit. The primary term discussed is 'al-rafūj', which is identified as a type of palm tree's core or heart.

This root primarily relates to actions of obscuring, spoiling, or covering, particularly in the context of writing or bird droppings. It also includes a specific term for a falconry lure.

This root appears to be related to a specific type of fruit or nut, likely borrowed from another language. It primarily refers to the coconut and its associated plant.

This root primarily concerns dust, its disturbance, and related phenomena. It extends to describe light clouds resembling dust, the act of stirring up dust, and even a type of easy gait. Metaphorically, it can refer to heavy tears or a rain-heavy cloud.

This root primarily relates to the concepts of speed, swiftness, and rapid movement. It also extends to the idea of something being in demand, circulating, or selling well, and can describe a state of confusion or mixing.