Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)
5,612 root entries translated · page 98 of 113
- دكن13 lemmassihah_004850
This root primarily concerns the concept of darkening, becoming dark, or a dark color. It extends to the idea of something being old, worn, or stained, and by extension, to persistence or habit.
الدُكْنَة — a color tending towards blacknessدَكِنَ — the thing became dark (from the verb pattern of طرب)دَكْنًا — darkeningأَدْكَن — dark-coloredالدُكَّان — That which one sits upon. - دنن7 lemmassihah_004851
This root primarily describes a state of being low, close to the ground, or stooped. It extends to physical deformities like short limbs or a hunched back, and metaphorically to unclear speech or old, dark vegetation.
أَدْنَنَ — to be low-lyingأَدْنَن — short-limbedالدَّنَن — defect of short limbsالدَّنُّ — one of the large jars, which are the jugsالدِّنَان — bubbles (pl.) - دون14 lemmassihah_004852
The root DON relates to being below, inferior, or less than something else. It can also indicate proximity or a state of weakness. The root encompasses concepts of inferiority, lowness, and sometimes a deficiency.
دُونَ — opposite of aboveالدُّون — the lowly, the contemptibleدانَ — he humbled himself and enslaved himselfيَدونُ — to be inferiorدَوْنًا — inferiority - دهن17 lemmassihah_004853
This root primarily concerns the concept of oil, fat, or grease, and by extension, things that are coated or smeared with it. It also extends to meanings related to softness, gentleness, and even flattery or deception, often metaphorically linked to the smooth or yielding nature of oily substances.
دُهِنَ — to be smearedدَهَنَ — to smear, to anointأَدْهَنَ — also on the pattern of افتعل. when he anointed himself with oilتَدَهَّنَ — when he anointed himself with oilاِتَّدَهَنَ — to anoint oneself - دهقن3 lemmassihah_004854
This root appears to relate to concepts of nobility, leadership, and possibly land ownership or administration, particularly in a Persian context. It also touches upon the idea of being well-established or having a significant presence.
الدِّهْقَان — Persian nobleman/landownerتَدَهْقَنَ — To act like a dehqanدِهْقَان — an arabicized word - دهدن4 lemmassihah_004855
This root primarily concerns the concept of falsehood, vanity, and things that are baseless or deceptive. It is also associated with the idea of something being rolled or tumbled, often in a negative or chaotic context.
الدَّهْدَن — falsehoodدهدناً — dowryدهدر — to rollدهدرين — a liar - دين23 lemmassihah_004856
The root 'دين' primarily concerns concepts of debt, obligation, and repayment. It extends to encompass notions of custom, habit, subjugation, obedience, and ultimately, divine judgment and reward.
دَيْن — custom and affairدَانَ — he humbled himself and enslaved himselfأَدَانَ — meaning, he borrowedمَدِين — one who was lent moneyمَدْيُون — one who was lent money - ذءن3 lemmassihah_004857
This root relates to a specific type of plant and the act of gathering it. It appears to be a specialized term with limited usage.
الذُؤْنُون — A type of plantيَنْذَأَنُّونَ — Gathering the plantالذَّآبِينَ — The plant (plural) - ذعن4 lemmassihah_004858
This root primarily concerns the concept of submission, yielding, and obedience, often implying a degree of humility or subjugation. It describes the act of complying with authority or a command, sometimes under duress.
أَذْعَنَ — he submitted and humbled himselfذَعَنَ — to submitذُعْنٌ — submissionمُذْعِنٌ — submissive - ذقن5 lemmassihah_004859
This root primarily concerns the chin and jaw area of the face. It extends to related concepts like the throat, the act of striking the chin, and descriptive terms for things that hang or droop.
ذَقْن — A person's chin: the meeting point of their two jaws.ذَقَن — A person's chin: the meeting point of their two jaws.ذَاقِنَة — prominent part of the throatذَقُون — hanging chinذَقَنَتْ — to have a slanted edge - ذنن13 lemmassihah_004860
This root primarily concerns the concept of something flowing or dripping, particularly bodily fluids like mucus or menstrual blood. It also extends to the idea of a weak or lingering remnant of something, and metaphorically to persistent requests or debts.
الذنين — nasal mucusالذنان — nasal mucusذُنِنَ — to flow (mucus)يَذِنُ — to flow (mucus)ذَنِينًا — flowing (mucus) - ذون4 lemmassihah_004861
This root primarily concerns the concept of a defect, flaw, or blemish. It is used to describe something that is faulty, imperfect, or marred, often in the context of a physical object or a military unit.
الذَّان — defect, flawالذَّام — The fault, it can be pronounced with or without a hamza.الذَّيْم — the fault, defectالذَّاب — defect, flaw - ذهن3 lemmassihah_004862
This root primarily concerns the faculty of the mind, encompassing understanding, retention, and intellectual capacity. It relates to the ability to grasp concepts, remember information, and possess mental acuity.
الذِّهْن — Acuteness and memory.الذِّهْن — Acuteness and memory.الذِّهْن — Acuteness and memory. - رتن2 lemmassihah_004863
This root primarily deals with the concept of mixing, blending, or confusing things together. It can also refer to a state of being mixed or confused.
الرَّتْن — mixingمُرْتَنَة — mixed thing - رثن3 lemmassihah_004864
This root primarily describes continuous, successive rain, often with pauses in between. It also relates to land that has been affected by such rain, becoming wet and fertile.
الرَّثَان — Successive rainمُرْثِنَة — Rain-soakedتُرْثِنَا — To be rained upon - رثعن1 lemmasihah_004865
This root appears to relate to a state of relaxation, languor, or sluggishness. It describes a lack of energy or a feeling of being at ease to the point of inactivity.
الارْثِعْنان — Languor - رجن14 lemmassihah_004866
This root primarily concerns the concept of staying or remaining in a place, often with connotations of being accustomed or settled. It also extends to meanings related to holding back, confining, or causing something to become weak or unhealthy through poor treatment, and can describe a state of confusion or mixture.
رَجَنَ — to stay, remainرَجَنَ — to confine, hold backرَجَنَ — to confine and mistreatرَجُنَ — to be confinedرُجُون — staying, remaining - رجحن3 lemmassihah_004867
This root primarily concerns the concept of leaning, inclining, or swaying, often due to weight or instability. It extends to ideas of heaviness, shaking, and falling with force.
اِرْجَحَنَّ — to lean, to inclineمُرْجَحِنَّة — heavy, weightyمُرْجَحِنّ — heavy, weighty - ردن17 lemmassihah_004868
This root primarily relates to the parts of a garment, specifically sleeves, and also encompasses terms for certain types of fabric, actions of preparation or arrangement, and metaphorical extensions like darkness or numbness. It also includes geographical names and specific types of weapons.
الرَّدْنُ — The base of the sleeve.أَرْدَنَ — to make sleevesأَرْدَان — sleevesأَرْدَنَتِ الْحُمَّى — fever set inالمُرْدَنُ — Spinning, yarn. - رزن13 lemmassihah_004869
This root primarily relates to concepts of stability, weight, and elevation, often associated with places that hold water or possess a sense of groundedness. It also extends to personal qualities of gravity and composure, and the physical act of assessing weight.
الرزن — Elevated placeرزون — Elevated placesرزان — Elevated placesرزنة — Water poolرزانة — Composure - رسن8 lemmassihah_004870
This root primarily concerns ropes, reins, and the act of tying or restraining, particularly with horses. It extends to the concept of control and the specific parts of a horse's bridle.
الرَّسَن — The rope.أَرْسَان — Plural of rasan (rope).رَسَنَ — He tied the horse with the halter.مَرْسُون — tied, tetheredأَرْسَنَ — to tie, to tether - رشن6 lemmassihah_004871
This root primarily deals with the concept of intruding or entering without invitation, particularly at mealtimes. It also extends to the physical act of a dog putting its head into a container and a specific architectural feature.
الرَّاشِن — The one who comes to the feast without being invited.الوَارِش — one who enters upon people while they are eating and was not invited, like the one who intrudes on drinkingرَشَنَ — to intrude, to crash (a party)رَشْنًا — dipping head intoرُشُونًا — dipping head into - رصن9 lemmassihah_004872
The root رصن (r-ṣ-n) primarily relates to the concepts of completion, firmness, and soundness. It extends to meanings of being well-established, knowledgeable, and even to negative connotations like being insulted or experiencing pain.
رَصَنَ — From the category of verbs like ظَرُفَ (to be elegant).أَرْصَنَ — to make firm/soundرَصِين — firm, solidرَصَانَة — firmness, soundnessرَصِينَان — knee joint parts (horse) - رطن5 lemmassihah_004873
This root primarily concerns the act of speaking, particularly in a foreign or unintelligible manner. It extends to the concept of communication, especially among a group, and can also refer to the state of camels traveling together.
الرَّطَانَة — Speaking in a foreign language.رَطَنَ — He spoke to him in a foreign language (verb form like كَتَبَ).رَاطَنَهُ — When he spoke to him in it (a foreign language).تَرَاطَنَ — The people spoke to each other in a foreign language.الرَّطُون — Camels traveling together - رعن13 lemmassihah_004874
This root primarily concerns concepts of relaxation, slackness, and foolishness. It also extends to geographical features like mountain promontories and is associated with a historical Himyarite king and his stronghold.
الرعْن — Also (foolishness/laxity).رعن — From the category of verbs like سَهُلَ (to be easy).الرعونة — Foolishness.أرعن — A man who has foolishness/laxity.رعناء — A woman who has foolishness/laxity. - رغن5 lemmassihah_004875
This root primarily concerns the act of listening attentively and accepting what is heard. It extends to notions of encouraging, hoping for, or leaning towards something, often with a sense of desire or inclination.
الرَّغَن — attentive listening and acceptanceرَغَنَ — to listen attentively and acceptإِرْغَان — attentive listening and acceptanceرَغَنَ — to encourageرَغَنَ — to lean towards - رفن3 lemmassihah_004876
This root primarily relates to the concept of having a long tail, often used metaphorically for things that are extended or trailing. It also encompasses a derived meaning of initial agitation followed by calmness.
رَفَنٌ — long-tailedارفأنّ — to become agitated then calmارْفِئْنَانًا — agitation then calmness - رفهن4 lemmassihah_004877
This root primarily relates to a state of ease, abundance, and comfortable living. It describes a life of luxury and prosperity, often implying a lack of hardship or financial strain.
رَفَهَنِيَّة — also (meaning spaciousness)رَفَهَنِيّ — Prosperous, affluentرَفَاهِيَة — also (meaning spaciousness)رَفَاهِيّ — Luxurious, comfortable - رقن7 lemmassihah_004878
This root primarily relates to the application of henna, specifically for dyeing hair and skin. It also extends to the concept of marking or writing, particularly in the context of accounting and notation.
الرقون — Hennaالرقان — Hennaترقنت — Dyed herself with hennaأرقن — Dyed his beard with hennaالترقين — Dyeing with henna - ركن15 lemmassihah_004879
This root primarily concerns leaning, inclining, or relying on something, often implying support or strength. It extends to concepts of sides, pillars, and stability, as well as personal qualities like composure.
رَكَنَ — He leaned on him, relied on him (verb form like دَخَلَ).رُكُونٌ — leaningرَكَنٌ — He leaned on him, relied on him (verb form like دَخَلَ).رُكْنٌ — He leaned on him, relied on him (verb form like دَخَلَ).أَرْكَانٌ — pillars - رمن5 lemmassihah_004880
This root primarily relates to the pomegranate fruit and its name. It also extends to geographical names and linguistic discussions about the etymology and declension of the word 'pomegranate'.
الرُّمَّان — well-knownرُمَّانَة — the singular is rummanah (pomegranate)رُمَّان — Rummanإرْمِينِيَة — a district in the region of Romeأَرْمَنِيّ — the attribution to it is Armenian - رنن8 lemmassihah_004881
This root primarily concerns sounds, particularly sharp, ringing, or crying noises. It extends to the sound of objects like bows and also refers to a specific creature that cries out in water during summer.
رَنَّ — to ring, to soundرَنَّة — sound, ringingرَنِين — ringing, soundأَرَنَّ — to cry out, to wailمَرَنَّ — on something, of the category 'to enter' - رون4 lemmassihah_004882
This root primarily relates to sound, specifically loud, intense, or frightening noises. It can also describe difficult or severe days and nights.
الأرونان — soundأرونان — soundأرونانة — severeأرونانى — severe - رهن15 lemmassihah_004883
This root primarily concerns the concept of pledging or leaving something as security for a debt. It extends to meanings of something being fixed, lasting, or even becoming lean and weak due to prolonged hardship.
رَهْن — rhun with a damma on the ha'رِهَان — its plural is rihanرَهَنَ — rhun with a damma on the ha'رَهِنَ — rhun with a damma on the ha'أَرْهَنَ — to pledge, to pawn - رهدن3 lemmassihah_004884
This root primarily concerns a specific type of bird found in the Hijaz region, particularly around Mecca. It describes its appearance, size, and compares it to other known birds.
الرَّهَادِن — Birds of Meccaرَهْدَن — A type of birdالرَّهْدَنَة — A type of bird - رين14 lemmassihah_004885
This root primarily concerns the concept of being overcome, dominated, or corrupted. It describes a state of being overpowered by something, whether it be sin, sleep, wine, or a difficult situation, leading to a loss of control or a negative transformation.
رَانَ — he overcameرَيْن — a man is overcome if he falls into something from which he cannot escapeرِيْن — a man is overcome if he falls into something from which he cannot escapeرِيْنٌ — a man is overcome if he falls into something from which he cannot escapeرَانَ عَلَى قَلْبِهِ — sin overcame his heart - زءن2 lemmassihah_004886
This root appears to relate to a specific type of grain or plant, possibly a weed, that mixes with cultivated grains. It also seems to have a secondary, less common meaning related to shortness.
زَئِنٌ — to adorn, beautify (like the previous verb)زُؤَانٌ — darnel - زبن18 lemmassihah_004887
The root زبن (z-b-n) primarily relates to the concept of pushing, repelling, or striking. This extends to actions of animals, warfare, and even metaphorical descriptions of celestial bodies and human character.
زبَنَ — to pushالزبْن — pushing, repellingزبنت — she struck (camel)زبون — ill-tempered (camel)حرب زبون — fierce war - زحن4 lemmassihah_004888
The root زحن (z-ḥ-n) primarily denotes slowness, delay, or reluctance in action. It can describe a general state of being slow or a specific instance of acting with aversion or dislike.
زَحَنَ — to be slowيَزْحَنُ — to be slowزَحْنًا — slownessتَزَحَّنَ — to be slow - زرجن1 lemmasihah_004889
This root appears to relate to the color of wine or grapes, possibly derived from Persian. It is associated with the color of gold or a red dye.
الزرجون — with vowel marks: red wine - زرفن3 lemmassihah_004890
This entry discusses two Persian loanwords, 'al-zarfayn' and 'al-zarfayn', referring to a specific type of garment or covering. It also mentions a derived verb, 'zarfana', used to describe an action related to the temples, noting it as a neologism.
الزَّرْفَيْن — Persian garmentالزَّرْفَيْن — Persian garmentزَرْفَنَ — to cover the temples - زفن4 lemmassihah_004891
This root primarily relates to the act of dancing. It also extends to describing someone as intense or severe.
الزَّفْن — dancingزَفَنَ — to danceيَزْفِنُ — he dancesالزَّيْفَن — intense - زقن3 lemmassihah_004892
This root primarily relates to the concept of carrying or bearing a load, often with an implication of assistance or support in doing so. It encompasses the act of carrying and the act of helping someone carry.
زَقَنَ — to carryزَقْنًا — carryingأَزْقَنَ — to help carry - زكن6 lemmassihah_004893
This root primarily concerns the act of knowing, understanding, or informing someone about something. It also extends to the idea of perceiving, suspecting, or likening one thing to another.
زَكَنْتُهُ — to inform himأَزْكُنُهُ — I inform himزَكْنًا — informingالتَّزْكِين — likeningزَكِنٌ — perceptive - زمن12 lemmassihah_004894
This root primarily concerns the concept of time, encompassing both short and long durations. It also extends to afflictions, particularly those affecting animals, and can refer to specific historical figures or tribal lineages.
الزمن — a name for a short or long period of timeالزمان — a name for a short or long period of timeأزمان — timesأزمنة — timesأزمن — times - زنن3 lemmassihah_004895
This root primarily relates to the concept of accusation, suspicion, and imputation. It signifies attributing something to someone, often with a negative connotation of blame or falsehood.
أَزَنَّهُ — to accuseيَزِنُّ — to suspectأَبُو زِنَّة — nickname for a monkey - زون5 lemmassihah_004896
This root primarily relates to idols and objects of worship, but also extends to physical descriptions of shortness and a type of grain mixed with wheat.
الزون — idolزون — shortزونة — short (female)الزونزي — shortالزوان — that which mixes with wheat - زبن15 lemmassihah_004897
This root primarily relates to adornment, beauty, and making something beautiful. It also extends to concepts of correction, improvement, and specific types of adornment or features.
الزينة — what one adorns oneself withزين — to adorn, beautify (like the previous verb)زانه — To adorn him/itزينه — To adorn him/itزنتها — I adorned her - ستن3 lemmassihah_004898
This root primarily relates to the dried, withered, or decayed parts of plants, specifically the bases or roots of trees. It can also refer to the remnants or foundations of things.
اِسْتَنّ — he used it to clean his teethأُسْتُنَة — Withered tree base (sg.)أُسْتُنَات — Withered tree bases (pl.) - سجن5 lemmassihah_004899
This root primarily concerns the concept of imprisonment, confinement, and detention. It extends to related ideas like severe punishment and a specific place mentioned in religious texts.
السِّجْن — imprisonment, jailسَجَنَ — from the verb class of naṣaraسَجْن — from the verb class of naṣaraسَجِين — a place where the book of the wicked isسِجِّين — a place where the book of the wicked is