Mukhtarus al-Sihah (Al-Razi, d. 666H)
5,612 root entries translated · page 97 of 113
- ثكن4 lemmassihah_004800
This root primarily relates to groups or flocks, particularly of birds like pigeons. It also extends to concepts of a path or way, and a specific mountain.
الثكنة — Flock of pigeonsثكن — Flock (plural)ثكن — Mountainثكن الطريق — Path of the road - ثمن14 lemmassihah_004801
This root primarily concerns the concept of 'eight' and its numerical derivations. It also extends to meanings related to price, value, and the act of selling or being sold.
ثَمَانِيَة — eightثَمَانٍ — eightثَمَانِي — eightثَمِين — expensive, high-pricedثَمَن — You say 'thamāniyatun rijāl' (eight men) and 'thamānī niswah' (eight women). - ثنن3 lemmassihah_004802
This root primarily relates to hair or hair-like growths, particularly on animals, and also refers to a specific region of the body.
الثنة — tail hairsالثنن — tail hairs (plural)ثن — dried herbage - جبن13 lemmassihah_004803
This root primarily relates to the concept of fear and cowardice, but also extends to dairy products (cheese) and facial features (forehead/temple). It describes the state of being fearful, the act of causing fear, and the physical location of the temple.
الجُبْن — that which is eaten (cheese)الجُبْنَة — was more specific than it (a piece of cheese)جَبُنَ — he became cowardly, so he is a cowardجَبَنَ — he became cowardly, so he is a cowardجَبَان — so he is a coward - جحن8 lemmassihah_004804
This root primarily relates to concepts of poor growth, slow development, and stuntedness, particularly in relation to nourishment, youth, and vegetation. It also encompasses terms for specific geographical locations.
جُحِنَ — to be poorly nourishedجَحَنَ — to nourish poorlyجَحْن — poor nourishmentأَجْحَنَ — to cause poor nourishmentالجُحْن — slow youth - جدن5 lemmassihah_004805
This root appears to relate to concepts of abundance, richness, and possibly strength or firmness. It is associated with wealth and prosperity, and also with a specific historical figure or lineage.
جَدُنَ — to be abundantجِدَة — with a 'ḍamma': the path, plural 'judud'جُدُن — abundanceجَدَن — abundanceجَادِن — Jadan - جرن15 lemmassihah_004806
This root primarily relates to concepts of becoming accustomed, worn, or smoothed through use. It also extends to specific physical objects like troughs for drying dates, parts of an animal's neck, and even a type of rough ground or a well-trodden path.
جَرُنَ — to become accustomedجُرُون — becoming accustomedجَرِنَ — to become worn and softجَارِن — worn and softجَوَارِن — soft armor - جشن3 lemmassihah_004807
This root primarily relates to the chest or breast area, extending to the middle or core of something. It also encompasses the concept of a coat of mail worn on the chest and can refer to a person's name.
الجوشن — The chestجوشن الليل — middle of the nightالبين — separation - جعثن2 lemmassihah_004808
This root appears to be very limited in usage, primarily referring to specific botanical terms and a proper name.
الجُعْثُن — roots of the salsolaجُعْثُن — Ju'than - جفن4 lemmassihah_004809
The root جفن primarily relates to covering, enclosing, or containing. It extends to parts of the eye that cover it, sheaths for swords, and containers for food. It also encompasses geographical locations and tribal names.
الجَفْن — The eyelidجَفْنَة — large bowlجِفَان — large bowlsجَفَنَات — large bowls - جمن2 lemmassihah_004810
This root primarily relates to pearls or pearl-like objects, particularly those made of silver. It also extends to the concept of a single, precious bead or a collection of them.
الجُمَانَة — A bead made of silver, like a pearlجُمَان — Plural of 'jumānah' - جنن43 lemmassihah_004811
This root primarily relates to covering, concealing, and the unseen. It encompasses concepts like nightfall, madness, hidden things, and protective coverings. It also extends to the idea of growth and abundance, as well as the supernatural realm.
جَنَّ عَلَيْهِ اللَّيْلُ — night fell upon himجُنَّ — The night covered himأَجَنَّهُ اللَّهُ — God made him madمَجْنُون — One who is madالجِنّ — The opposite of humans - جون13 lemmassihah_004812
The root 'جون' primarily relates to colors, specifically black and white, and by extension, darkness and light. It also extends to describe things that are intensely colored, like dark horses or camels, and objects associated with these colors or phenomena like the setting sun.
الجون — Whiteالجون — Whiteجون — blacknessجون — dark horseجون — dark camel - جهن2 lemmassihah_004813
This root primarily relates to a specific tribe, Jahinah, and its associated knowledge or certainty. It also touches upon concepts of obscurity or darkness, though less prominently.
جُهَيْنَة — Name of a tribeجُهَيْنَة — Name of a tribe - حبن9 lemmassihah_004814
This root primarily relates to a condition of swelling or a type of boil. It also extends to a specific type of small animal, referred to by a proper noun-like term.
الأحبن — having swellingحبن — to have a boilحبن — boilحبن — swellingحبناء — swollen - حتن11 lemmassihah_004815
This root primarily relates to concepts of equality, similarity, and being alike. It extends to notions of intensity, particularly in heat, and can also refer to a specific place name.
الحَتَن — likeness, equalالحُتُن — likeness, equalحتنان — two equalsتحاتنوا — they became equalمحتتّان — equal, alike - حجن10 lemmassihah_004816
The root ح-ج-ن primarily relates to the concept of bending, curving, or crookedness. This extends to physical objects like claws or parts of tools, as well as abstract notions of drawing something towards oneself or a great distance.
حَجْن — crookednessأَحْجَن — crooked-clawedمِحْجَن — crookحَجَنَ — to pull with a crookاِحْتَجَنَ — to draw to oneself - حذن1 lemmasihah_004817
This root appears to relate to the ears, specifically their shape or perhaps their function of hearing. It is primarily used in classical Arabic to refer to the ears themselves.
الحُذْنَتَان — the ears - حرن12 lemmassihah_004818
The root 'حرن' primarily describes a state of stubbornness, refusal to move, or halting, particularly in animals like horses. It extends to a figurative sense of being unyielding or stationary in other contexts, such as trade or even geographical locations.
حَرَنَ — he became stubborn (verb form from the root dakhala)حَرُنَ — he became stubborn (verb form from the root dakhala)حُرُونٌ — plural of ḥarrah with waw and nunحَرُونٌ — plural of ḥarrah with waw and nunالحَرُونُ — Al-Harun - حرذن1 lemmasihah_004819
This root appears to relate to a specific type of desert reptile, possibly a lizard or a male monitor lizard. It may also denote a specific characteristic or action associated with such creatures.
الحرذون — a small creature - حزن16 lemmassihah_004820
The root حزن (ḥazana) primarily relates to sadness, grief, and sorrow. It also extends to meanings of roughness, difficulty, and hardship, particularly concerning terrain and character.
الحزن — what is rough or coarse of the earthحزن — he grieved (verb form from the root ṭariba)حَزِنٌ — he grieved (verb form from the root ṭariba)حَزِينٌ — sadأَحْزَنَ — to sadden - حسن0 lemmassihah_004821
- حشن2 lemmassihah_004822
This root primarily relates to negative emotions like hatred and malice, and also to unpleasant smells or staleness, particularly associated with containers.
الحَشْنَة — maliceحَشِنَ — to be rancid - حصن17 lemmassihah_004823
The root 'حصن' primarily relates to fortification, protection, and chastity. It encompasses the concepts of building defenses, being secure, and maintaining sexual purity. Derived terms often describe strongholds, guarded individuals, and the state of being married or chaste.
حِصْن — he fortified the village: he built around itحَصِين — fortified, chasteحَصَانَة — chastity, impregnabilityحَصَّنَ — he fortified the village: he built around itتَحَصَّنَ — the enemy fortified themselves - حضن13 lemmassihah_004824
The root حضن (ḥaḍana) primarily relates to the concept of embracing, holding close, or protecting. It extends to encompass the sides or flanks of something, and by extension, a place of protection or a region. It also describes the act of nurturing and keeping something confined.
حِضْن — the bird incubated its eggs (from the category of naṣara and dakhala) when it gathered them to itself under its wingحُضْن — the bird incubated its eggs (from the category of naṣara and dakhala) when it gathered them to itself under its wingحَضَنَ — the bird incubated its eggs (from the category of naṣara and dakhala) when it gathered them to itself under its wingحَاضَنَ — to embrace, hold closeحَضَانَة — upbringing, nurturing - حفن7 lemmassihah_004825
This root primarily deals with the concept of grasping, scooping, or taking something with one's hands, often in a small quantity. It extends to meanings of giving a small amount, taking for oneself, and metaphorically, being a small part of a larger whole.
الحَفْنَة — a double handful of foodحَفَنَ — he gave him a handful: meaning, he gave him a littleاحتَفَنَ — he took the thing for himself: he took itالحُفْرَة — Al-Hufra, with damma, is one (hole).الحَفَن — pits, hollows - حقن12 lemmassihah_004826
The root حقن (ḥ-q-n) primarily relates to the act of collecting, retaining, or injecting substances, particularly liquids like milk or bodily fluids. It extends to concepts of holding back, accumulation, and internal bodily sensations or locations.
حَقَنَ — he saved his blood: he prevented it from being shedأَحْقَنَ — to cause to retain urineحَقَنَ — he saved his blood: he prevented it from being shedحَقِين — collected milkمِحْقَن — waterskin for collected milk - حلن5 lemmassihah_004827
This root primarily discusses young goats, specifically those taken from their mothers' wombs or those too young for ritual sacrifice. It also touches upon a pre-Islamic practice of marking a newborn goat's ear to permit its consumption.
الحَلَان — kid from wombحَلَام — kid from wombحَلَال — A man who is not in ihramذَكِيّ — the man became intelligent, so he is intelligentجَفْرَة — the female (of jafra) - حلزن1 lemmasihah_004828
This root primarily relates to the concept of coiling or spiraling, specifically in the context of a snail or similar creature. It describes the physical form and movement associated with such beings.
الحلزون — a small creature found in the desert plant (ramth) - حلق2 lemmassihah_004829
This root primarily relates to the process of ripening, specifically for dates. It describes the stage where dates reach a certain level of maturity, transitioning from hard to soft.
حَلَقَ — he shaved his head, from the category of 'ḍaraba'مُحَلِّقِنٌ — ripening - حمن4 lemmassihah_004830
This root appears to relate to specific terms for creatures and geographical features. It includes a proper name for a woman and terms for different stages of tick development, as well as a word for rough, low-lying terrain.
حَمْنَة — woman's nameالحَمْنَانَة — tickالحَوْمَانَة — low-lying rough groundالحَوَامِين — low-lying rough grounds - حنن28 lemmassihah_004831
This root primarily relates to longing, yearning, and compassion. It extends to sounds, specific places, and even conditions of madness or being a specific type of being.
الحنين — longing and yearning of the soulحن إليه — to long forحان — so he is longingالحنان — mercyحن عليه — to show compassion - حين18 lemmassihah_004832
This root primarily concerns the concept of time, encompassing specific moments, durations, and opportune periods. It also extends to related ideas like waiting, perishing, and places associated with certain activities.
الحِين — timeحِينَئِذٍ — at that timeتَحِينُ — meaning 'time'حَانَ — so he is longingحِينُهُ — its time - خبن9 lemmassihah_004833
This root primarily concerns the concepts of folding, concealing, and preparing provisions. It extends to meanings related to inconsistency in character and carrying things discreetly.
خَبَنَ — to fold and hemأَخْبَنَ — to fold and hemخَبْنًا — folding, hemmingخَبَانًا — folding, hemmingالخُبْنَة — what you carry in your lap/bosom - ختن6 lemmassihah_004834
This root primarily concerns kinship relations through marriage, specifically in-laws. It also extends to the ritual of circumcision, both the act and the location.
الْخَتَن — everyone from the woman's side, like the father and brother; they are the 'akhtan' (in-laws) according to the Arabsالْأَخْتَان — in-laws (related through wife)خَتَنَ — I circumcised the boy, from the verb forms 'daraba' and 'nasara'خَتْنًا — circumcision (act)الْخِتَان — the noun 'circumcision' - خبعثن3 lemmassihah_004835
This root appears to describe something large, strong, and robust. It is used to characterize individuals, animals, and potentially inanimate objects with a sense of bulk and power.
الخَبَعْثَنَة — Bulkiness, stoutnessخَبَعْثَن — Large, stout, strongخَبَعْثِن — Large, stout, strong - خدن6 lemmassihah_004836
This root primarily concerns the concept of close friendship and companionship, particularly between individuals. It extends to the idea of secret or intimate friendships, and by extension, can refer to a close confidant or intimate friend.
الْخِدْن — friendالْخَدِين — friendخَادَنَ — to befriend intimatelyمُتَّخِذَات — taking as intimate friendsأَخْدَان — intimate friends - خزن5 lemmassihah_004837
This root primarily concerns the act of storing, preserving, or hoarding something, often in a designated place. It extends to the idea of keeping something secret or hidden, and also has a distinct meaning related to meat spoiling.
خَزَنَ — he put it in the treasuryاخْتَزَنَ — he put it in the treasuryالمَخْزَن — the place where something is storedالخِزانَة — one of the treasuries/storeroomsخَزِنَ — he put it in the treasury - خشن12 lemmassihah_004838
The root 'kh-sh-n' primarily denotes roughness, coarseness, or harshness. This applies to physical textures, living conditions, and even military formations. It can also extend to describing a harsh or unrefined manner.
الخشونة — the opposite of softnessخشن — it became roughخشن — it became roughاخشوشن — its roughness intensifiedالأخشن — like 'khashin' (rough) - خضن2 lemmassihah_004839
The root 'khadana' (خضن) primarily relates to the concept of flirting, engaging in playful or amorous conversation, and casting glances with romantic intent. It encompasses the actions and expressions associated with courtship and romantic overtures.
المَخَاضَنَة — flirtationيُخَاضِنُ — to flirt - خمن5 lemmassihah_004840
This root primarily relates to estimation, conjecture, and guessing. It also extends to meanings of weakness, inferiority, and worthless people or things.
التخمين — guessing, conjectureخمن — to guessخُمَان — with fatha on the kha and damma on it, both with shadda: meaning, from their lowest classخُمَانَة — weakخُمَان — with fatha on the kha and damma on it, both with shadda: meaning, from their lowest class - خنن13 lemmassihah_004841
This root primarily relates to sounds and sensations emanating from the nose, including nasal sounds, speech impediments, and physical conditions affecting the nose. It also extends to concepts of intimacy and protection.
الخنة — like a nasal soundالغنة — nasalizationالأخن — like someone with a nasal voiceخن — nasal soundالمخ — that which is in the bone - خون14 lemmassihah_004842
This root primarily concerns the concepts of betrayal, treachery, and deceit. It extends to related ideas such as breaking promises, acting disloyally, and also encompasses meanings of care, attention, and even a specific type of lion.
خَانَ — he betrayed him in such and suchخِيَانَة — verbal noun of 'khana'مُخَانَة — verbal noun of 'khana'اخْتَانَ — he betrayedخَائِن — a betraying man - دجن24 lemmassihah_004843
This root primarily concerns overcast skies, darkness, and persistent rain. It extends to concepts of dwelling, familiarity, and even a specific type of dark color.
دَجَنَ — our day became cloudyالدَّجَنُ — the sky being covered with cloudsدَجْنًا — overcast conditionدُجُونًا — overcast conditionالدُّجْنَةُ — of clouds: the dense, dark, rainy one that has no rain - دخن17 lemmassihah_004844
This root primarily concerns smoke, its production, and its visual characteristics. It extends to describe things that are dark, smoky, or impure in color, and also refers to a type of grain and a substance used for fumigation.
الدحن — wickednessالدحونة — fat and shortدحن — to be fat and shortدخان — known (smoke of fire)دواخن — plural of 'dukhan' - ددن6 lemmassihah_004845
This root primarily concerns amusement, play, and habit. It extends to describe a dull or ineffective sword and, by extension, a person lacking means. The core idea revolves around persistent engagement, whether in leisure or routine.
الدَّدَن — Amusement and playبددن — to amuse oneselfوالدَّدَان — A dull swordوالدَّيْدَن — Habit and customوالدَّيْدَان — Habit and custom - درن12 lemmassihah_004846
This root primarily concerns the concept of dirt, filth, and decay. It extends to describe things that are soiled, worn out, or spoiled, including spoiled fodder and barren land. It also encompasses a place name associated with musk.
الدَّرَن — dirtدَرِنَ — the garment became dirty (from the verb pattern of طرب)دَرِنٌ — the garment became dirty (from the verb pattern of طرب)أَدْرَنَ — to make dirtyدارين — name of a port in Bahrain to which musk is attributed - درين1 lemmasihah_004847
This root appears to relate to the concept of doors, gates, and their keepers, with a specific mention of a Persian loanword for gatekeepers.
الدَّرَابِنَة — gatekeepers - درخمن1 lemmasihah_004848
This root appears to be related to the concept of a formidable, cunning, or disastrous entity. It is primarily used to describe something or someone exceptionally shrewd or calamitous.
الدَّرْخَمِين — Calamity - دفن16 lemmassihah_004849
This root primarily concerns the concept of burying, hiding, or concealing something. It extends to meanings of being hidden, secret, or internal, as well as actions related to concealment like evasion or suppression. It also encompasses related concepts like worn-out items and specific types of clothing.
دَفَنَ — to buryمَدْفُون — buriedدَفِين — buriedادْفَنَ — the thing was buried (on the pattern of افتعل)انْدَفَنَ — with the same meaning