Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

The root 'طلع' primarily relates to the act of appearing, emerging, or becoming visible. It extends to concepts of reaching, ascending, knowing, and observing, often in the context of celestial bodies, journeys, or gaining insight into matters.

This root primarily concerns the concept of desire, greed, and covetousness. It extends to the act of hoping for something, being greedy for it, and the state of being desirous. It also includes specific meanings related to provisions and the objects of desire.

This root primarily concerns the concept of obedience, compliance, and submission. It extends to the idea of something being amenable, easy to handle, or yielding. It also encompasses the meaning of fruit ripening and becoming ready for harvest.

This root primarily concerns the concept of obedience, compliance, and submission. It extends to the idea of being amenable to something, or yielding to a command or influence. It can also relate to the ability or capacity to perform an action.

The root ظلع (ẓalʿa) primarily relates to limping or unevenness, extending metaphorically to situations of weakness, difficulty, or being burdened. It can describe physical lameness in animals and people, as well as a state of hardship or a lack of ability to cope.

This root appears to describe someone with a bad disposition or character. It is primarily used as an adjective to denote ill-temper or unpleasantness.

This root appears to describe shortness or being stunted in stature. It also extends to refer to a monstrous or ghoul-like creature, possibly associated with darkness or the desert.

This root pertains to the act of driving or urging livestock, specifically sheep and camels, using a vocalization or command. It describes the specific sound or word used for this purpose.

This root refers to a specific type of tree, known for its medicinal properties and its leaves. It is also used in a context describing a camel grazing.

This root appears to relate to the concept of a crowd or a mob. It specifically denotes a large, unruly gathering of people.

This root appears to relate to a state of being stuck, unable to proceed, or experiencing difficulty in achieving a goal. It describes a form of inability or blockage.

This root primarily concerns intense grief, sorrow, and pain, often resulting from a sudden and significant loss. It encompasses the act of causing such grief, the experience of it, and the calamitous events that trigger it.

This root describes a condition of crookedness or deformity, primarily affecting the ankle or foot, causing it to turn inward or upward. It can also refer to a general misalignment of joints and is applied to animals, particularly camels, with similar deformities.

This entry discusses a specific geographical feature, a corner or angle of a mountain. It also notes a potential orthographic variation of the term.

This root primarily relates to the cotton plant and its seeds, as well as specific terms for patches of grass and a historical reference to a figure named Luqman.

This root primarily deals with sounds of cracking, popping, or breaking, often associated with sudden or sharp noises. It also extends to actions involving manipulation that results in such sounds, and metaphorically to sudden departure or revelation.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of louse, possibly referring to its size or appearance. The provided text is very brief and lacks extensive derived forms.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of fear, terror, and panic, along with related actions like seeking refuge, being alarmed, and providing succor or relief. It also extends to meanings of refuge, protection, and even bravery or cowardice as opposites.

This root describes the state of something, particularly plants or their parts, becoming dry, withered, or shriveled at the edges. It conveys a sense of desiccation or the initial stages of decay.

This root primarily relates to actions of opening, revealing, or extracting, often with a sense of force or exposure. It extends to physical actions like pressing, massaging, and exposing parts of the body, as well as metaphorical actions like taking something forcefully or giving something.

This root primarily relates to the act of passing gas, specifically flatulence, and the associated sounds or actions. It encompasses both the physical act and the resulting emissions.

This root primarily concerns the concept of something being severe, intense, or overwhelming, often in a negative or difficult sense. It can describe the intensity of an event, the difficulty of a task, or the feeling of being unable to cope with a situation.

This root primarily relates to the young of goats and swiftness. It also extends to descriptions of men, including their speed, cowardice, and professions like shepherd or butcher.

This root primarily relates to the concept of whiteness, paleness, or intense color, particularly in the context of truffles and other natural phenomena. It also extends to meanings of theft, intense heat, death, and physical characteristics like paleness or redness.

This root primarily describes a state of being withdrawn, either due to sadness or anger, or a state of disappearance and going away without a trace.

This root primarily concerns the concept of splitting, tearing, or cutting something apart. It extends to describe the resulting fissure or piece, as well as metaphorical applications like a devastating event or a sharp sword.

This root primarily concerns abundance, growth, and prosperity, particularly in wealth. It extends to encompass generosity, virtue, excellence, and a good reputation. It can also refer to the intensity or pleasantness of a scent, like musk.

This root appears to be related to small, scurrying creatures and potentially negative concepts like death. It also has a meaning related to the anus.

This root primarily relates to the intensity or essence of something, often referring to a strong scent, the potent part of a poison, or the beginning of a period of time like day or night.

This root appears to relate to the beginning or commencement of something. It signifies the initial stage or the very start of an affair or matter.

The root 'قبع' primarily relates to the act of withdrawing, tucking in, or bending oneself, often associated with animals like hedgehogs or pigs. It extends to meanings of hiding, going away, being foolish, or a specific type of container or measurement.

This root primarily relates to insects that damage wood and to a state of humiliation or degradation. It also describes a specific type of beehive and a term for a humiliated person.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of plant or vegetable, possibly a gourd or cucumber. It is distinguished from similar-sounding roots that might refer to different concepts.

This root primarily concerns the act of restraining, holding back, or stopping something, often with a physical connotation. It extends to concepts of weakening, approaching, and even a specific type of death or succession. The root also describes characteristics of animals and people related to restraint or timidity.

This root primarily concerns speaking obscenely or offensively, and by extension, acting in a foul or wicked manner. It also extends to the idea of preparing or being ready for something negative.

This root describes a state of being contracted or shrunken, primarily due to cold. It can refer to a person or an animal withdrawing into themselves, often appearing constricted or huddled.

This root primarily describes negative or undesirable qualities, including foolishness, boldness without shame, and lowliness. It also extends to specific animals, a type of marine creature, and even a descriptive term for a ruler who manages his subjects well.

This root primarily relates to small, often bothersome creatures like lice and ants, and also encompasses concepts of humiliation and specific geographical or structural features.

This root appears to describe a type of woman characterized by foolishness or lack of intelligence. It is closely related to another similar root.

This root primarily describes sensations of heat or irritation within the body, particularly in the chest and throat. It also extends to describe a white, salt-like substance on the skin and metaphorical states of being alert, eager, or preparing for mischief.

This root primarily describes negative character traits, specifically meanness and baseness. It also extends to actions associated with such traits, like eating alone out of stinginess, moving awkwardly, or hiding. Some derived forms relate to physical actions like contracting oneself or moving ungracefully.

This root primarily refers to a type of louse that infests camels. It also encompasses related terms for such pests.

This root appears to describe states of being unconscious or regaining consciousness, possibly related to a constricted or seized state. It also touches upon the idea of being overwhelmed or afflicted.

The root قزع (q-z-ʿ) primarily relates to the idea of scattering, separating, or patchy distribution. This manifests in concepts like scattered clouds, patchy hair, or fragmented pieces of material. It also extends to notions of speed, haste, and being singled out or prepared for a task.

This root primarily deals with concepts of dryness, scattering, peeling, and separation. It extends to describe things that are dry, tattered, or dispersed, as well as foolishness, and the act of clearing or dispersing.

This root primarily relates to concepts of swallowing, consuming, or filling, often with liquids or food. It extends to actions of crushing, killing, or diminishing something, and also describes physical states of being full, short, or compact.

This root primarily relates to things that are detached, scattered, or broken off. It also encompasses terms for specific animals, ailments, and a historical tribal name.