Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily relates to the concept of breaking, separating, or removing an outer layer, such as the shell of an egg. It extends to meanings of destruction, replacement, provision, and resemblance, often implying a process of coming into being or being brought about.

This root primarily relates to concepts of expulsion, discharge, and abortion, particularly concerning animals. It also extends to specific anatomical parts and a type of cheese.

This root pertains to the concept of rapid movement, specifically walking quickly. It describes the manner and speed of locomotion.

This root primarily relates to the concept of being skilled, intelligent, or adept, particularly in guidance or understanding. It also encompasses the physical act of looking around or turning one's head.

This root primarily relates to the act of biting or taking something with the mouth. It also has a specific derived noun referring to a type of wild animal.

This root pertains to the act of striking or hitting, specifically with a closed fist. It encompasses the physical action of delivering a blow.

This root primarily concerns the concept of purity, unadulterated essence, and sincerity. It extends to the literal meaning of pure milk, as well as figurative applications like pure lineage, sincere affection, and truthful speech. It also encompasses actions related to consuming or providing pure things.

The root مخض primarily relates to the churning or vigorous agitation of liquids, particularly milk to extract butter. It extends to the concept of intense movement, labor pains in pregnant animals and women, and pregnant animals themselves. It also encompasses related terms for containers and places.

This root primarily concerns illness, sickness, and disease, encompassing both physical ailments and metaphorical states like doubt, hypocrisy, and weakness. It also extends to concepts of decline, decay, and even specific geographical locations.

This root primarily concerns sensations of pain, burning, or irritation, both physical and emotional. It also extends to concepts of sucking, drinking, and a negative or prohibitive utterance.

This root primarily concerns the semantic field of anger, distress, and hardship. It describes the state of being angered or afflicted, as well as the act of causing such a state. It also extends to a specific physical characteristic of female camels.

This root primarily concerns the concept of movement, pulsation, and throbbing. It extends to subtle or hidden movements, such as a faint gleam of lightning, and can also describe a spirited or courageous disposition.

This root primarily describes processes of peeling, shedding, or emerging from a covering. It relates to skin conditions, the shedding of certain plant parts, and the emergence of underground growths like truffles.

This root primarily concerns the concept of flesh, particularly its abundance or scarcity on a body. It also extends to meanings related to thinning, scraping, and persistent urging.

This root primarily concerns the slow emergence or outflow of liquids, particularly water. It extends to concepts of scarcity, the final stages of processes, and the idea of bringing something to completion or extracting it gradually. It also touches upon sounds and movement.

This root primarily relates to a thorny tree used for toothpicks and tanning, and secondarily to the concept of not obtaining or achieving something.

This root primarily relates to movement, shaking, and instability. It describes physical actions like trembling, swaying, and agitated motion, often applied to animals, weather phenomena, and even human gait. It also extends to concepts of agitation and a specific type of camel's gait.

The root ن-ف-ض (n-f-ḍ) primarily relates to shaking, moving, or causing something to fall off. It extends to concepts of depletion, loss, and the shedding of things, whether literal (like leaves or fruit) or figurative (like wealth or health). It also encompasses actions of searching, examining, and the physical sensations associated with illness.

The root 'al-naqḍ' primarily concerns the concept of breaking, undoing, or violating something previously established, such as a contract, building, or bond. It also extends to sounds made by animals or objects, and to the state of being weakened or worn out.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of movement, emergence, and maturation. It describes actions like traveling, extracting, and shining, as well as states of ripeness and clarity. It also encompasses physical attributes and actions related to the body and objects.

The root نهض (n-h-ḍ) primarily relates to the concept of rising, standing up, or moving forward. It extends to meanings of growth and development, particularly in plants and young birds, and also encompasses physical actions like extending wings or moving a limb. Figuratively, it can mean to resist, support, or undertake a task.

This root pertains to the concept of pulsation or throbbing, specifically referring to the beating of a vein or artery. It is presented as synonymous with the more common root 'نبض'.

This root primarily concerns the act of piercing or striking, often with a nuance of being superficial or not penetrating deeply. It also extends to the idea of marking or inscribing, particularly in relation to aging.

This root primarily relates to the expulsion of waste, specifically feces and eggs. It also extends to the act of seeking pasture and the intention for fasting.

This root primarily relates to the concept of necessity, compulsion, or being forced into a situation. It encompasses the state of being in need or in a difficult predicament that requires action.

This root primarily deals with the concept of pressing, pushing, or stuffing something into a container. It implies a forceful insertion or packing.

This root primarily concerns the concept of speed, haste, and rapid movement. It extends to related ideas like scattering, dispersing, and urgency. Secondary meanings involve containers, specific anatomical features, and objects used in animal husbandry or agriculture.

This root primarily concerns the concept of flashing, gleaming, or shining briefly, often associated with light. It extends to subtle or fleeting glances and hidden signals.

This root primarily describes a low, settled, or rounded area of land. It can also refer to a specific type of plant or a dialectal variation.

This root primarily describes skin afflictions, specifically a rash or eruption caused by heat. It also extends to the meaning of tearing or rending something, particularly fabric.

This root primarily concerns the concept of breaking, crushing, or shattering something. It extends to meanings of moving quickly, walking well, and can describe a strong or aggressive male animal.

This root pertains to the act of forcefully taking or extracting something. It implies a strong, often aggressive, removal or seizure of an object or entity.

This root primarily concerns the concept of breaking, shattering, or returning to a previous state. It extends to the breaking of bones, the recurrence of grief, and the shedding of feathers by birds. It also encompasses notions of gathering and a type of illness or relapse.

This root primarily relates to the act of opening the eyes, particularly for a young animal. It signifies the emergence of sight and awareness in a nascent being.

This root primarily relates to the armpit and its associated concepts. It extends to meanings of carrying something under the arm, a specific type of terrain, and a metaphorical sense of settling or becoming heavy.

This root pertains to the act of driving or urging livestock, specifically sheep, using a vocal command.

This root primarily concerns a specific type of tree, its properties, and related geographical or descriptive terms. It also extends to describe a condition in camels and a type of leather treatment.

This root primarily relates to sounds, particularly those associated with animals, burdens, or internal bodily sensations. It also extends to concepts of compassion, geographical locations, and specific names.

This root primarily concerns a type of dairy product and related actions. It also extends to concepts of mixing, overcoming, and difficult situations in conflict.

This root primarily relates to the act of lying down or reclining, often implying a state of ease, comfort, or relaxation. It can also extend to the meaning of being content or at peace, and conversely, to a sense of disinterest or aversion.

This root pertains to the swelling or inflammation of a lip or similar soft tissue. It describes a physical condition of tumescence.

This root pertains to the act of scattering, dispersing, or dissipating something, whether it be material possessions or spoken words. It implies a lack of order or control in the distribution.

This root primarily relates to a type of musical instrument, specifically a lute or oud, which is an Arabized Persian word. It also appears in place names and botanical terms.

This root primarily describes the act of staying firmly in a place, often implying stubbornness or immobility. It can also refer to falling into a dangerous or destructive situation.

This root appears to relate to the act of tearing or shredding meat, particularly in a way that exposes the bone or inner parts. It describes a rough or forceful separation of flesh.

This root appears to be a proper noun, specifically referring to a location in Baghdad. It is presented as a place name, possibly a district or a specific site.

This root primarily describes actions related to movement, scattering, and disarray. It encompasses concepts like walking with short steps, turning away, scattering things, speaking incoherently, and falling. It also extends to describing mixed or disordered states in animals and food.

This root appears to be related to the concept of spreading out, extending, or being wide. It encompasses notions of expansion, abundance, and possibly generosity.

This root appears to be a proper noun referring to a specific geographical location. It denotes a place characterized by a large number of crocodiles.