Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)

This root primarily relates to movement, specifically walking or traveling at a moderate pace. It also extends to meanings associated with clothing, particularly cloaks and large turbans, and includes terms for specific places, a type of clay treatment, and a type of wood.

This root primarily concerns the concept of enclosing, fencing, or surrounding something, often for protection or containment. It extends to the physical barrier itself and, metaphorically, to a type of cloak.

This root primarily relates to the act of joining, connecting, or intertwining things. It extends to concepts of lineage, kinship, and the entanglement of affairs or problems.

This root appears to relate to elevated structures, particularly gates or high-built doors. It also has a derived meaning related to returning or repelling something.

The root شجج primarily relates to wounding, particularly head wounds, and the severity of such injuries. It extends to concepts of breaking, piercing, and cutting, and metaphorically to mixing or diluting liquids, traversing difficult terrain, and even to the air or a star.

This root primarily describes the braying or harsh vocalizations of animals, particularly donkeys and mules, and sometimes ravens. It extends to the act of raising one's voice loudly, often in a harsh manner, and can be metaphorically applied to humans. The root also encompasses terms for the animals themselves, specifically the wild ass.

This root primarily relates to openings, passages, and specific geographical locations. It also encompasses a game of strategy derived from Persian.

This root appears to relate to specific types of dishes or containers, particularly those used for serving food, possibly with Persian origins.

This root primarily relates to the act of sewing with wide stitches, mixing or blending things, and describes a fast-moving camel. It also appears in the names of tribes and as a term for a type of coarse bread.

The root شمرج primarily relates to poor or loose craftsmanship, particularly in sewing, and by extension, to things that are thin, flimsy, or poorly made. It also extends to a specific type of child and a historical event.

The root شنج (sh-n-j) primarily relates to constriction, tightening, or puckering of skin, flesh, or extremities like fingers and toes. It can also describe a physical attribute of animals, particularly horses, referring to the tightness of their hindquarters, which is considered a sign of strength and agility. Additionally, it has specific, less common meanings related to a type of plant and a term for an old man.

This root pertains to the sound produced by striking metal against metal. It describes the act of hitting iron on iron and the resulting noise.

This root primarily concerns a specific type of plaster or whitewash, often made from lime, used for coating surfaces like pools and baths. It also extends to the act of applying this substance.

This root primarily deals with terms for refined silver, often borrowed from Persian. It also encompasses a specific type of crooked staff used in a game, and a dialectal term for deafness or feigning deafness.

This root primarily describes large, solid objects, specifically focusing on a great rock. It also extends to related concepts of immovability or substantiality.

This root primarily relates to lamps and sources of light, particularly those used for illumination at night. It also extends to describing a night that is bright and well-lit.

This root pertains to hardness, solidity, and strength, particularly in reference to horses and other creatures. It describes something that is firm, robust, and unyielding.

This root primarily concerns a type of percussion instrument, often made of brass, that is struck together. It also extends to related concepts like the sound of such instruments, and metaphorically to a skilled singer or poet.

This root primarily describes something that is smooth, polished, or slick, particularly in reference to plants and rocks. It can also denote a large rock.

This root appears to relate to a type of fur or hair, specifically that which is shed or plucked. It also seems to have a connection to a specific type of container or vessel, possibly related to its contents or appearance.

This root primarily concerns structures for collecting and holding water, specifically cisterns or reservoirs. It also extends to the act of lining or plastering such structures, often with a specific type of material.

This root primarily describes something strong, solid, and robust, particularly in the context of animals and plants. It can also refer to a specific type of staff or scepter.

This root appears to describe the act of throwing oneself down, often due to exhaustion or injury. It is noted as not being a firmly established root.

This root primarily concerns vocalization, specifically loud shouting, crying out, or making noise. It extends to meanings of distress, agitation, and even argumentation or contention. Derived terms also describe specific substances and objects.

This root primarily concerns the concept of staining or smearing, particularly with blood or other colored substances. It also extends to meanings of tearing, splitting, widening, and in some contexts, refers to specific types of garments, horses, or even a place name.

This root primarily describes counterfeit or adulterated coins, specifically dirhams. It also touches upon the concept of being deceived or misled, particularly in the context of financial transactions.

This root primarily relates to the concept of sticking, adhering, or being attached to something. It also extends to describe certain crawling creatures, some of which are venomous, and can metaphorically refer to intense agitation or a sticky substance.

This root describes something or someone large, stout, and well-formed. It is primarily used for female animals, particularly camels, and also for women, emphasizing their robust physique.

This root appears to relate to the sound or cry of a camel, particularly when it is agitated or distressed. It may also extend to a general sense of making a loud noise or cry.

This root primarily describes the physical features of a valley, specifically its bends, curves, and expansions. It also extends to describe the stiffness or dryness of animals and objects.

This root primarily describes the act of deviating, inclining, or moving away from something. It can refer to a physical turning aside, a moral or intellectual departure from truth, or even the movement of bones due to emaciation.

This root primarily concerns the concept of foolishness, stupidity, and a lack of intelligence. It also extends to describe the act of striking something hollow, like a head, and can be used to denote a specific type of foolish person.

This root appears to be of Persian origin, adapted into Arabic. It refers to a specific method of cooking meat, likely frying or roasting.

This root appears to be related to ants and their paths, possibly extending to the patterns or markings on swords that resemble ant trails.

This root primarily relates to freshness, purity, and being new or recently acquired. It is often contrasted with something old, stale, or impure. The concept extends to the idea of something being refined or unadulterated.

This root primarily deals with units of measurement, particularly for weight and currency, and also refers to geographical or administrative divisions. The terms are of Persian origin and were adopted into Arabic.

This root primarily relates to the act of sexual intercourse. It describes the physical act of penetration and the subsequent union.

This root primarily relates to collections of writings, specifically scrolls or books. It also extends to the idea of variety and diversity in speech or subject matter.

This root appears to be related to a specific type of bird. The primary derived lemma discusses a bird that is possibly of foreign origin and is identified as the male of another bird species.

This root primarily describes a loud, desperate cry, particularly in the context of warfare or distress. It is presented as a specialized form of a more general term for crying out, specifically for intense, urgent vocalization.

This root appears to describe a detestable, foolish, or worthless person. It focuses on negative attributes like being disliked, nonsensical in speech, and lacking any good qualities.

This root primarily relates to the concept of continuous or repeated action, particularly in drinking, and also denotes groups or large gatherings of people or animals. It can also describe a swift, well-built animal or a segment of time.

This root primarily describes heaviness and bulk, particularly in relation to camels and men. It denotes something substantial, weighty, or large.

This root primarily concerns the concept of raising one's voice, shouting, or making a loud sound. It extends to related ideas like commotion, dust stirred up by wind, and even the sound of water or animals. Figuratively, it can refer to the masses or ignoble people.

This root primarily relates to speed and swiftness, particularly in movement. It can describe a fast runner or a quick, light gait. It also appears as a proper name.

This root primarily relates to the act of drinking, specifically gulping or swallowing liquid. It also extends to the meaning of verbal abuse, such as scolding or reviling, and by extension, to someone who frequently admonishes or blames others.

This root primarily relates to the concept of being well-nourished, plump, and well-fed. It extends to descriptions of smooth, soft textures and the act of filling something completely.

The root عرج primarily relates to limping, lameness, and deviation from a straight path. It extends to concepts of inclination, stopping, ascending, and quantities of camels.

This root appears to relate to hunting dogs, specifically those used for the chase. It may also extend to terms for rough or coarse things, though this specific entry is very brief.