Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)

This root primarily describes a specific type of desert shrub known for its appearance, growth habits, and use as fuel. It also extends to metaphors related to its characteristics, such as its rapid growth after rain or its fiery appearance when burning.

This root primarily relates to the concept of pushing or thrusting. It can be used metaphorically for sexual intercourse and also describes the action of turning or digging the earth with a tool.

This root primarily describes a type of gait or movement, specifically stretching the neck, and also refers to a limping gait. It is also strongly associated with a thorny plant, the 'usj, and its fruit, with derived terms used for places, names, and even a specific gait of camels.

This root primarily denotes tender, young shoots or branches of trees and vines. It extends to describe something supple, fresh, and well-proportioned, particularly in the context of plants and human physique.

The root 'علي' primarily relates to the concept of being high, elevated, or superior. It encompasses notions of rising, ascending, and exceeding. Derived meanings often involve something being placed upon or attached to something else, or a state of being lofty or prominent.

This root appears to be very limited in its usage, primarily referring to a specific type of bird, the male ostrich. Its semantic range is narrow and seems to be confined to zoological or descriptive contexts.

This root appears to describe something unpleasant or ill-favored in appearance, specifically related to a person's facial expression or overall demeanor.

This root appears to relate to a specific, possibly archaic, term for a bald man, particularly one with a prominent forehead. It is associated with a particular dialect or group from Yemen and is noted as being an unusual or even offensive way of speaking.

This root describes something as large and having thick lips or a large mouth. It is primarily used to describe animals, particularly those with prominent facial features.

This root primarily relates to the intestines and internal organs, particularly in animals. It extends to meanings of fatness in the abdominal region, and metaphorically to sexual intercourse and sodomy. It also encompasses terms for a stick or club used for striking, and describes clumsiness, foolishness, and awkward gait.

This root describes someone or something that is heavy, sluggish, and perhaps clumsy. It carries a connotation of being slow-moving and ponderous.

This root describes something or someone as large, fat, and flabby, particularly focusing on a large or distended belly and loose flesh. It can also refer to a state of being tightly bound or firm, contrasting with flabbiness.

This root primarily describes something or someone that is large, heavy, and often implies a lack of intelligence or agility. It can refer to people, animals, or even objects, emphasizing their bulk and sluggishness.

The root علج (ʿalaja) primarily relates to concepts of strength, robustness, thickness, and intensity. It extends to meanings of wrestling, struggling, and overcoming, as well as describing physically strong individuals, tough materials, and even certain plants and animals known for their hardiness. It can also refer to the act of treating or managing something, particularly illness.

This root primarily discusses concepts related to impure lineage, mixed origins, and being of questionable or unrefined character. It also touches upon a specific practice during famine involving the preparation and consumption of softened animal hide.

This root primarily describes movement characterized by twisting, winding, or meandering. It applies to the gait of humans and animals, the course of water, and the flight of an arrow, often implying a lively or energetic, albeit irregular, motion. It can also denote swimming.

This root describes something that is strong, tough, and robust, particularly when referring to animals like camels and horses.

This root primarily describes physical characteristics, often related to being ill-formed, crooked, or robustly built. It can also refer to someone who is well-nourished or soft and delicate.

This root primarily describes things that are long, tall, or extended. It also extends to describe the state of milk, particularly when it is thick, curdled, or has begun to change, and can refer to something being full of flesh or well-formed.

This root appears to describe someone or something that is ill-favored in appearance, specifically with a contracted or unpleasant facial expression. It carries a strong negative connotation regarding one's looks.

This root primarily describes something characterized by length, particularly in the neck or legs, and by well-formedness or completeness of creation. It is applied to animals like gazelles, camels, and ostriches, as well as to women.

This root appears to relate to the concept of something being long or extended, specifically in the context of a snake. It also touches upon linguistic accuracy and potential misinterpretations of classical Arabic terms.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of caring, paying attention, or being concerned about something. It extends to notions of benefiting from something, being satisfied, or finding something useful. It can also relate to being satiated or not being satisfied, particularly with liquids.

This root primarily describes the act of drinking deeply or gulping, often in a continuous or rapid manner. It can also refer to the resulting state or the substance consumed.

This root appears to relate to the act of drinking or swallowing, specifically in the context of water. However, its authenticity and usage are questioned.

This root appears to be primarily related to a specific type of plant, with its main entry describing its botanical characteristics. There are no other derived lemmas or semantic extensions evident in this entry.

This root primarily relates to the swift, unhindered movement of animals, particularly horses and donkeys. It also extends to concepts of youthful vigor and, in a more abstract sense, transgression or deviation.

This root appears to be a quadriliteral root, possibly related to the concept of ownership or possession, specifically referring to 'your slave' or 'your young man'. It seems to be a variant or emphatic form.

This root primarily concerns the act of drinking deeply or gulping, often in a continuous manner. It extends to related concepts like a large gulp or a young animal eagerly suckling.

The root غملج primarily describes something that is inconsistent, unstable, or fluctuating. This can apply to character, physical form, or even natural phenomena like water or plants. It often carries a negative connotation of being unreliable or flawed.

This root appears to describe something large, stout, and well-fed, particularly in the context of animals like camels. It conveys a sense of bulkiness and robustness.

The root غنج primarily relates to coquetry, charming behavior, and attractive affectation, particularly in women. It also extends to meanings of beauty, adornment, and in some contexts, specific animals or individuals.

This root appears to describe someone or something that is heavy, foolish, or slow-witted. It is primarily used as an adjective to characterize individuals.

This root primarily describes physical breadth, particularly in the chest and shoulders, often associated with strength and good build in animals like horses. It also extends to describe a swaying or undulating gait, and a state of relaxed drowsiness in humans.

This root primarily relates to concepts of fullness, abundance, and fatness, particularly in female animals like camels. It also extends to meanings of breaking or diluting heat, and exhaustion or depletion.

This root primarily denotes wideness, spaciousness, and openness, often applied to paths, valleys, and the space between things. It also extends to concepts of immaturity, rawness, and excessive or unorganized speech.

This root primarily describes a physical condition of splayed or wide-set legs, particularly in humans and animals. It also extends to a manner of walking associated with this condition and the act of spreading one's legs, especially for the purpose of milking.

This root describes a physical parting or separation, particularly of the thighs. It is most commonly used to describe this condition in camels, indicating a wide stance or gait.

This root appears to be extremely rare, possibly limited to a single proper noun. It does not seem to have any common derived meanings or usages in classical or modern Arabic.

This root primarily relates to a type of litter or palanquin used for women, particularly brides, and by extension, to a spacious or wide area, especially in relation to a camel's hindquarters.

This root appears to describe the process of roasting or charring meat, particularly lamb or goat, over a fire. It focuses on the state of the meat after being exposed to heat, implying a cooked or partially cooked condition.

This root appears to relate to specific markings or features, particularly concerning camels, and also denotes a place name.

This root appears to relate to a specific type of dye or pigment, possibly with a distinctive color or origin. The primary derived term refers to this substance.

This root primarily describes female camels that are pregnant, especially those that are fat and have been bred early. It also extends to describe large, mature camels and, by extension, young, fast, and spirited ones.

This root primarily describes the act of spreading one's legs apart, often in a preparatory or relaxed posture. It is frequently associated with animals, particularly camels, when preparing to urinate or defecate, and also with humans in similar contexts or when spreading legs widely.

This root primarily describes states of opening, widening, and loosening, often associated with physical conditions like wounds, the body, or natural phenomena. It can also refer to the flow or outpouring of liquids or abstract concepts like generosity.