Lisan al-Arab (Ibn Manzur, d. 711H)

This root primarily relates to distress, affliction, and hardship. It also extends to the concept of drawing near or approaching, and in some contexts, to binding or tying.

This root appears to relate to the concept of overcoming or overpowering someone. It is primarily used in a verbal form to describe an act of dominance or aggression.

This root appears to describe someone who is old, rough, or gluttonous. The terms relate to characteristics of age and excessive eating.

This root primarily relates to a type of vegetable, specifically cabbage or a similar leafy green. It also extends to a mixture of dates and milk, and a term for a specific type of meat or dish.

This root appears to be a variant pronunciation of the root كسب (k-s-b), primarily related to earning or acquiring. It also has a specific meaning related to a physical defect in men.

The root كسب (kasaba) primarily concerns the acquisition of sustenance and wealth through effort and seeking. It extends to the act of earning, obtaining, and striving for livelihood, and can also refer to the results of such actions, including children as a form of earned provision. The root also encompasses related concepts like effort, striving, and the acquisition of goods or benefits.

This root primarily relates to the intense consumption of meat, particularly by eating it with great force or greed. It also encompasses related terms for fat and a specific geographical location.

This root describes a state of being full, particularly with fat or sustenance. It conveys a sense of corpulence and being well-fed.

This root appears to describe something weak, insignificant, or a dwelling of small creatures. It is primarily used to denote a weak or contemptible man, or a spider's web.

This root appears to describe unsteady or rapid movement, specifically resembling the gait of a drunkard or a swift, intense run. It also includes a proper noun derived from the root.

This root appears to describe a physical characteristic related to the head, possibly a protrusion or lump. It is also used to describe a person who possesses this characteristic or is short in stature.

The root كوكب primarily relates to celestial bodies, specifically stars and planets. It extends metaphorically to concepts of brightness, prominence, and intensity, as well as to specific locations and even a type of mushroom.

The root 'كلب' primarily relates to various types of straps, cords, and fastenings, often used in crafts like leatherworking or saddlery. It also extends to meanings involving binding, restraint, and even excessive eating, as well as names of places, tribes, and animals.

This root appears to relate to the concept of leadership or guidance, possibly derived from the word for 'dog' due to its perceived role in herding or leading.

This root appears to be related to striking or hitting, specifically with a sword. It also encompasses names of men and a specific term for the sound and flame of fire.

This root primarily describes thickness, coarseness, and callousing, particularly of the hands, feet, or skin due to hard work. It also extends to concepts of accumulation, fullness, and the growth of certain plants.

This root appears to relate to sand dunes and sandy terrain. It describes sand that is flowing or shifting, likely due to wind.

This root appears to relate to the confusion or mixing of speech, specifically due to error or incorrectness. It describes a state where words become jumbled and unintelligible.

This root primarily describes a color, specifically a dusty or grayish hue, often associated with camels. It can also refer to a general dullness or a color that is not pure.

This root appears to describe a state of heaviness, sluggishness, or being slow to move. It can refer to a physical burden or a mental state of dullness.

This root appears to be related to a specific type of vegetable, the eggplant. The primary derived lemma directly names this vegetable.

This root primarily denotes a type of drinking vessel, specifically a jug or cup without a handle. It also extends to describe physical attributes like a thick neck and large head, and refers to certain musical instruments and games.

This root primarily relates to sounds, particularly animal noises, and also encompasses concepts of affection, support, and a small amount of something. It also includes place names and a personal name.

This root primarily relates to the concepts of being fixed, attached, or adhering. It extends to meanings of being steadfast, persistent, and also to the act of wearing or fastening clothing and equipment tightly. Some derivatives also touch upon the idea of being bound or obligated to something.

This root primarily concerns the act of cutting, peeling, or scraping, often related to meat or surfaces. It extends to meanings of making something clear or evident, like a path, and also describes physical states of being thin or worn down, and actions like striking or moving quickly.

This root primarily relates to sexual intercourse, with some derived meanings related to striking or slapping, and a specific plant name.

The root لزب (lazaba) primarily denotes concepts of tightness, narrowness, and hardship. It extends to meanings of sticking, adhering, and being fixed or necessary. It can also refer to scarcity, drought, and severe conditions.

This root primarily denotes the act of stinging or biting, particularly by venomous creatures like scorpions. It also extends to meanings of sticking or adhering to something, and licking or tasting.

The root لصب (l-ṣ-b) primarily denotes a sense of sticking, adhering, or being tight/narrow. This applies to physical adhesion like skin to flesh or a sword in its sheath, as well as metaphorical tightness in character (stingy, difficult) or in physical spaces like narrow valleys or mountain passes.

The root 'لعب' (laʿiba) primarily denotes play, amusement, and sport. It extends to meanings of idle activity, distraction, and even a lack of serious purpose or direction. Figuratively, it can describe the unpredictable movement of waves or the mischievous actions of Satan.

This root primarily concerns the concepts of fatigue, exhaustion, and weakness. It extends to meanings of being foolish, corrupt, or defective, particularly in relation to speech, arrows, and even places. The root also touches upon the act of tiring someone or something out.

This root primarily concerns appellations, nicknames, and titles, often those used pejoratively or as a substitute for a proper name. It also extends to the act of bestowing such an appellation or adopting one.

This root appears to relate to concepts of abundance, particularly in terms of flesh and fat, and also to leadership or guidance.

The root لهب (lahaba) primarily relates to the intense burning and flames of fire. It extends to encompass the heat of fire, the intensity of heat in general, and by extension, strong emotions like anger. It also describes rapid movement, particularly of a horse, and can refer to dust raised by such movement.

This root primarily relates to the concept of being attached, adhering, or sticking closely to something. It can also extend to the idea of being bound or obligated to a particular course of action or a specific thing.

This root primarily describes intense thirst, particularly the state of animals circling water they cannot reach. It also extends to geographical terms for volcanic rock formations and types of terrain, as well as specific types of plants, insects, and perfumes.

This root primarily discusses a phenomenon of water swirling or eddying around an opening due to its abundance. It also touches upon related concepts of twisting or spiraling, particularly in the context of tools.

This root appears to relate to small quantities, specifically of food. It describes a very small amount that can be chewed or taken into the mouth, often implying scarcity.

This root primarily relates to need, desire, and purpose. It also encompasses the concept of a place or destination, particularly a specific region in Yemen.

This root entry discusses a specific animal, a type of rodent. It clarifies the correct term and identifies a misspelling.

This root appears to be a loanword from Persian, referring to a specific type of medicine or drug. Its usage seems limited and primarily found in classical contexts.

This root primarily concerns the bleating or crying sound of a male goat, often associated with mating or distress. It extends to meanings of arrogance, boasting, and the physical structure of hollow tubes or passages, like those in plants, animals, or geographical features.

This root primarily relates to the prominence and swelling of the chest, particularly in women. It describes the act of breasts becoming full, elevated, and noticeable.

This root primarily concerns nobility, excellence, and distinction, often applied to people, animals, and even abstract concepts like verses of scripture. It also extends to meanings related to the bark or outer layer of trees and, by extension, to the process of preparing or treating something, such as leather or arrows.

The root 'نحب' primarily relates to intense vocalization, particularly crying, and also encompasses concepts of vows, fate, risk, and striving. It extends to meanings of sleep, illness (coughing), and even death, often linked to fulfilling a destiny or promise.