Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily deals with concepts of separation, distinction, and the space or interval between things. It can also extend to meanings of clarity, explanation, and even discord or enmity.

This root appears to relate to a specific medicinal substance, possibly a type of powder or ash derived from plants, used in traditional medicine. It describes its origin, physical characteristics, and potential adulteration.

This root primarily relates to the thickening or curdling of milk, and by extension, to richness, abundance, and thick substances like sediment or algae. It also encompasses terms for specific animals, a place name, and a tribal affiliation.

This root primarily relates to the act of removing or expelling something, often with force or completeness. It extends to concepts of rapid movement, aggressive action, and the appearance of clouds.

This root primarily relates to actions of leaping or filling, and also to specific physical attributes like a prominent belly, a single hair, or a type of cloud formation.

This root appears to relate to concepts of weakness, being thin or unsubstantial, and sometimes to specific types of people or things that are not robust. It also touches upon meteorological phenomena like clouds.

This root primarily relates to concepts of sharpness, cutting, and intensity. It extends to include notions of growth, speed, and forceful action, as well as physical attributes like defined edges and appearance.

This entry pertains to a specific type of drinking vessel, resembling a cup or goblet, often used for wine.

This root appears to be a single, possibly foreign, word used to describe arrogance or haughtiness. It does not seem to have common derived forms in classical Arabic.

This root primarily relates to the act of pushing or thrusting, often with a pointed object or by nudging. It also encompasses a specific type of summer plant.

This root appears to relate to the concept of abundance, specifically concerning water. It describes a large quantity or a plentiful source of water.

This root primarily relates to the act of sexual intercourse. It can also refer to the act of a judge compelling someone to issue a ruling.

This root primarily relates to the concept of attacking or rushing upon someone suddenly and unexpectedly. It also includes a derived term for a specific type of bird.

This root primarily relates to leaping, jumping, and sudden movements. It also extends to concepts of surpassing, exceeding, and in a specific context, a defect in riding.

The root الطمر (al-ṭamr) primarily relates to the concepts of burying, hiding, and covering. It extends to meanings of leaping or jumping, as well as physical states like swelling or being worn out. It also encompasses terms for specific objects, places, and even abstract concepts like youth or deception.

This root primarily describes the state of being full, particularly in relation to drinking and containers. It also extends to describing a large or capacious stomach.

This root appears to relate to concepts of height, loftiness, and perhaps arrogance or pride. It also has specific animal-related derivations.

This root entry primarily discusses a musical instrument, the tanbur, and its etymology. It also mentions a place name derived from the root.

This root describes the act of eating rich, fatty foods to the point of feeling heavy or sluggish. It also refers to the state of being in such a condition.

This entry concerns a Persian loanword referring to a type of cooking pot or cauldron. It is primarily a noun with no significant derived forms discussed in this brief entry.

This root primarily relates to stages, phases, or periods of development and existence. It also encompasses concepts of boundaries, limits, and proximity, as well as specific geographical locations and types of terrain, particularly mountains.

This root primarily concerns the concept of purity, cleanliness, and freedom from impurity, both physical and spiritual. It extends to the state of a woman after menstruation and the act of purification itself.

This root primarily concerns the act of flying, movement through the air, and by extension, rapid movement or spreading. It also encompasses concepts related to omens, fate, and characteristics like lightness or speed.

This root primarily concerns the concept of nurturing, suckling, and caring for a child, extending to the idea of fostering affection or reconciliation. It also encompasses terms related to support structures and animal behavior.

This root primarily concerns stones, rocks, and hard ground. It extends to concepts of guidance, water, and specific actions related to stones or animals.

This root primarily refers to a specific thorny plant, known for its medicinal properties when mixed with honey. It also extends metaphorically to describe difficult or troublesome matters and places.

This root appears to describe something thick, stout, or large, possibly referring to a physical attribute or a type of plant.

This entry pertains to a nisba (a type of adjective or noun indicating origin or affiliation) derived from the name 'Abd al-Dar'. It specifically refers to something or someone belonging to or associated with the tribe or lineage of Banu Abd al-Dar.

This root primarily describes qualities of intensity, speed, and harshness, particularly when applied to animals like camels. It can also refer to a stern or frowning facial expression.

This root primarily relates to concepts of excellence, intensity, and extraordinary qualities, often associated with supernatural or highly skilled beings. It also extends to descriptions of fine textiles, beautiful occurrences, and specific geographical locations.

This root primarily describes fullness, plumpness, and abundance, often in a positive sense of beauty and health. It extends to describe things that are full, large, soft, and long, including plants and physical attributes.

This root primarily relates to intensity, firmness, and strength, often applied to physical objects like spears or the male organ. It also extends to concepts of origin, lineage, and significant entities like idols or revered ancestors. Additionally, it encompasses notions of harshness, ruggedness, and specific items like necklaces or types of plants.

The root عثر primarily relates to stumbling, falling, or encountering something unexpectedly. It extends to meanings of finding, discovering, and also to negative concepts like ruin, falsehood, and punishment. The root also encompasses terms for dust, windstorms, and specific locations.

This root appears to relate to dried or shriveled fruit, specifically grapes, and also a place name.

The root عجر primarily relates to concepts of thickness, stoutness, and abdominal girth. It extends to meanings of firmness, defects, burdens, and rapid movement, often associated with fear or urgency. The root also encompasses terms for clothing, specific types of garments, and even abstract concepts like lies and calamities.

This root primarily describes harshness, rudeness, and a lack of refinement in disposition and character. It encompasses concepts of coarseness and ill-temper.

This root primarily relates to concepts of intensity, abundance, and boldness, particularly concerning rain and water. It also extends to describe falsehood and specific entities like a type of animal or a sailor.

This root appears to describe a fast-moving camel. The primary meaning relates to the swiftness of a female camel.

The root العذر (al-'udhr) primarily relates to excuses, apologies, and justifications. It extends to concepts of restraint, particularly for horses, and also encompasses physical attributes like hair growth and certain anatomical features. The root can also denote success, victory, or a specific type of terrain.

This root primarily describes a lion, and by extension, a strong and imposing camel. It also encompasses concepts of anger and a person's name.

This root primarily relates to the concept of land, territory, or a settled place. It encompasses notions of being inhabited, belonging to a specific region, and the characteristics of such places, often implying spaciousness or a well-defined area.

The root العزر primarily relates to concepts of blame, reprimand, and punishment, but also extends to support, strengthening, and prohibition. It encompasses various forms of discipline, from light admonishment to severe punishment, and also signifies aid and reinforcement.

This root primarily denotes difficulty, hardship, and adversity, contrasting with ease and prosperity. It extends to concepts of being difficult, stubborn, or unyielding, and also encompasses specific terms related to childbirth, animal behavior, and even geographical locations and historical events.

This root primarily denotes various wild animals and their offspring, including specific terms for a leopard, a dog's offspring from a female jackal, and a hyena's offspring from a male jackal. It also extends to describe a swift, noble female camel.

This root appears to describe qualities of a female camel, specifically its strength, speed, and perhaps a wild or untamed nature.

The root عسجر primarily relates to intense looking or staring. It also extends to concepts of persistence in movement, particularly for camels, and the process of salting meat. The derived nouns refer to salt, a type of tree, and malice or wickedness.