Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily relates to the concept of coating, covering, or applying a substance. It extends to meanings of shedding or peeling off such a layer, and metaphorically to changing one's dwelling or state.

This root appears to describe excessive talkativeness and a state of being stuck or adhering closely to something, particularly the ground or a camel's hump.

This root primarily relates to remnants, lingering states, and inclinations. It encompasses residual life force, leftover water, and lingering feelings or intentions. It also describes a state of being stuck or attached, and a tendency or inclination towards something.

This root primarily relates to the concepts of moving away, going far, and increasing or becoming expensive. It also encompasses the idea of a tribe and a specific type of mud or sediment.

This root primarily describes unclear or unintelligible speech, often characterized by a nasal quality. It can also refer to animals, specifically goats, exhibiting such speech or other distinct characteristics.

This root primarily pertains to a specific type of hyena, particularly one that is lame or limping. It focuses on the physical characteristic of lameness associated with this animal.

This root pertains to frozen water and dry, cold earth. It describes states of solidification and hardening due to extreme cold.

This root primarily concerns the concept of thirst, both literal and metaphorical. It extends to describe intense longing, dryness in land or air, and even negative character traits associated with a lack of satisfaction or generosity. It also touches upon the timing of thirst and the physical condition of animals.

This root appears to describe a person characterized by foolishness or lack of intelligence. The primary derived term directly defines a foolish man.

This root appears to relate to the concept of causing distress, grief, or affliction. It describes the act of burdening someone with sorrow or making them feel troubled.

This root primarily deals with the concept of carrying, bearing, or being burdened. It extends to meanings of weight, importance, preparation, and even indifference.

This root primarily denotes concepts related to difficulty, crookedness, deception, and harshness. It also encompasses terms for a bold leader and extreme cunning or misfortune.

This root pertains to the sound made by certain mountain-dwelling birds, specifically the 'awāhiq.

This root primarily relates to the concept of intention, purpose, or aiming towards something. It signifies a deliberate movement or direction with a specific goal in mind.

This root primarily describes the thin, adhering membrane or skin found on egg whites, and the act of an egg or hen producing something with this membrane still attached. It relates to the concept of a delicate outer layer or covering.

This root pertains to stammering, repeating sounds, and a defect in speech characterized by excessive repetition of the letter 'fa'. It describes the act of stammering and the condition itself.

This root describes a rapid, short-lived rain shower that quickly subsides. It focuses on the intensity and transience of precipitation.

This root primarily deals with negation and the concept of 'what'. It also encompasses verbs related to ceasing, forgetting, and breaking, often in conjunction with negation.

This root primarily concerns the cessation or calming of intense states, such as anger, boiling, or fever. It also extends to actions of restraint, soothing, and alleviating suffering, particularly through heat and sweat.

This root primarily concerns the concept of suddenness, surprise, and unexpectedness. It describes something or someone arriving or happening abruptly, often without prior warning. It also extends to related concepts like ambush and sudden onset of physical conditions.

This root appears to relate to tools, specifically an axe. It also seems to reference a related term found under a different root.

This root primarily relates to wild asses and their young. It also extends to concepts of completeness or entirety, particularly in the context of a proverb, and can refer to a specific geographical location.

This root primarily relates to tearing or splitting, particularly of fabric. It also extends to meanings of striking someone's back, preventing someone, and describing physical characteristics of a person or the spread of disease.

This root primarily deals with concepts of pride, arrogance, and looking down on others. It encompasses boasting, acting superior, and mocking or belittling someone.

This root appears to relate to the act of feeding or providing sustenance. It specifically discusses the meaning of a verb form, with a note on potential orthographic variation.

This root primarily relates to forceful impact, pressure, or forceful imposition. It also extends to meanings of physical deformation, such as a protruding chest, and metaphorical concepts like falling behind or becoming difficult.

This root primarily concerns the act of bursting, rupturing, or excising, often related to eyes, sores, or natural phenomena. It extends to metaphorical meanings like calming anger and describes specific natural occurrences and ailments.

This root primarily deals with the concept of causing something to be corrupt, spoiled, or ruined. It extends to the idea of breaking apart or causing division.

This root primarily deals with concepts of abundance, multitude, and groups of people. It describes a large number or a gathering, often in a collective sense.

This root primarily concerns the concept of returning, shade, and spoils of war. It encompasses the act of returning to something, the shade that replaces sunlight, and by extension, booty or tribute. It also relates to transformation and gathering.

This root primarily relates to sounds, specifically the cawing of crows. It also extends to describe the white part of an egg.

This root primarily relates to the act of eating, particularly consuming food thoroughly. It can also extend to the idea of something being full, especially with liquids. Additionally, it refers to a specific type of herb.

This root primarily relates to cucumbers and their abundance. It describes the cucumber itself, places where they are plentiful, and the act of becoming numerous.

This root describes individuals or animals, particularly camels, with negative physical and character traits. It encompasses poor nourishment, bad disposition, stoutness, disproportionate size, boldness, and stubbornness.

This root primarily concerns the act of reading, reciting, and studying texts, particularly the Quran. It extends to concepts of transmission, understanding, and the passage of time, including menstrual cycles and periods of purity.

This root entry describes a specific type of wild tree, noting the intense yellow color of its blossoms.

This root primarily denotes corruption, decay, and defect. It extends to describe the deterioration of objects like waterskins and ropes, as well as physical ailments like redness and slackness of the eyes. It can also refer to eating and feeding, and in a figurative sense, to a deficiency in lineage or character.

This root primarily describes the phenomenon of rain affecting vegetation, specifically causing it to change, spoil, or be covered by dust. It also touches upon the act of breaking or splitting something, particularly beads.

This root primarily concerns concepts of humility, smallness, and subjugation. It also extends to meanings related to fattening, especially of livestock, and finding a suitable, fertile place.

This root primarily relates to intense redness, death, and corruption. It also extends to meanings of mixing, killing, preparing hides, and darkening hair, with some related nouns indicating opportunity or a specific tool.

This root primarily concerns the act of vomiting or expelling matter from the stomach. It extends to related concepts like causing vomiting, the substance vomited, and individuals who vomit frequently. Figuratively, it can describe something saturated or a woman's actions towards her husband.

This root primarily relates to the concepts of retreating, cowardice, and fear. It also extends to meanings of gathering, speech impediments, and physical descriptions like shortness.

This root primarily describes a type of plant, similar to arugula. It also extends to describe a strong, large camel, particularly one with a prominent or handsome beard.

This root primarily describes the process of rising, thickening, or growing, often in the context of liquids, plants, or hair. It also encompasses related concepts like skimming, collecting foam, and the resulting substance.

This root primarily describes the effect of harsh environmental conditions, such as cold or drought, on plants, causing them to be stunted or delayed in growth. It also extends to describe a bird's vocalization and a camel's physique.

This root primarily relates to concepts of abundance, accumulation, and density. It describes things that are piled up, gathered together, or grow thickly, often referring to natural phenomena like clouds and plants, as well as the quality of ripeness in dates.

This root appears to relate to the bubbling or frothing of liquids, particularly when boiling. It also encompasses concepts of mixing or confusion, and a specific plant.

This root primarily relates to following, pursuing, or overcoming someone, often in a competitive or confrontational context. It also extends to the meaning of the rear or posterior part of something, and a portion of the night.

This root primarily describes actions related to eating, cooking, and preparing food, particularly grilling meat until dry. It also extends to meanings of cutting, striking, and even sexual intercourse. Figuratively, it can refer to becoming full, skin conditions, or defects.

This root primarily deals with concepts of equivalence, reciprocity, and matching. It extends to ideas of reward, compensation, resemblance, and also actions like repelling, turning back, or deviating.