Al-Qamus al-Muhit (Firuzabadi, d. 817H)

This root primarily concerns the act of eating with little force, or a light, non-intense bite. It also extends to meanings related to coloring, smearing, and a specific type of coarse material or mixture.

This root primarily concerns the act of chewing, masticating, and the substances involved in this process. It extends to related concepts like small matters, specific anatomical parts, and even the ripeness of dates.

The root مغمغ primarily relates to actions involving chewing, mixing, or indistinctness. It extends to concepts of weak or poor quality work, and in a more specific sense, to a dog lapping liquid or a garment soaking in water. It also touches upon the idea of something becoming mixed or confused.

This root primarily concerns foolishness, vulgarity, and jesting, often with a sexual or offensive undertone. It describes a foolish and vulgar person, their speech, and actions related to mockery and playful obscenity.

This root appears to relate to geographical locations, specifically a region or district in Aleppo and a place in Kerman.

This root pertains to the sound made by a cat, specifically its vocalization. It describes the act of a cat making a noise.

This root primarily concerns emergence, appearance, and prominence, often in the context of talent, leadership, or natural phenomena. It extends to concepts of abundance, outflow, and the act of sifting or separating.

This root primarily concerns the act of finding fault with someone or something, often by attributing false characteristics. It also extends to a specific type of mocking or suppressed laughter.

This root primarily deals with the concept of poking, prodding, or touching someone or something, often with a pointed object or in a teasing manner. It extends to related actions like speaking sharply, tickling, and even subtle laughter or flirtation. Some derived terms refer to specific plants and physical marks.

This root primarily concerns the act of instigating discord, inciting others to conflict, and spreading malicious gossip or slander. It also extends to the idea of whispering evil suggestions or temptations.

This root primarily concerns the act of poking, prodding, or piercing, often with a sharp object. It extends to meanings of scattering, dispersing, and also refers to sap or a specific tool used by bakers.

This root primarily relates to the act of drinking, especially forcefully or with a specific method, and by extension, to the flow of water. It also encompasses concepts of teaching, instilling, and being obsessed with something.

This root primarily describes a state of foolishness or weakness, and also refers to specific anatomical parts of the throat and neck, particularly in animals.

This root primarily describes the process of swelling or blistering, particularly on the hands due to hard labor. It also encompasses the related action of becoming swollen or blistered.

This root primarily relates to the concept of emergence, selection, or the best part of something. It extends to describe the top or highest point of a geographical feature, the choicest or average of a group, and abundance in wealth. It also describes a specific type of coloration.

This root primarily describes a type of bird and a fast, long, seafaring vessel. It also includes a related term for a specific type of ship.

This root primarily relates to concepts of defect, criticism, and physical ailments. It also extends to meanings of gathering, the center, and even bodily functions.

This root primarily denotes concepts of sin, destruction, blame, and affliction. It also encompasses foolishness, ill temper, and severe ignorance. Derived verbs often relate to causing destruction, trapping, or inflicting pain and corruption.

This root primarily relates to the concepts of breaking, crushing, or making something dense. It extends to meanings of creating a step or platform, and also describes a small amount of something, particularly rain or vegetation.

This root primarily relates to small, fast-moving creatures, particularly lizards, and by extension, concepts of weakness, trembling, and rapid expulsion. It also extends to the formation or imaging of a fetus.

This root primarily relates to concepts of scarcity, reduction, and dilution, often in a negative or diminished sense. It extends to actions of administering something in small quantities, as well as metaphorical staining or contamination.

This root primarily describes the action of lapping or drinking with the tongue, specifically by animals like dogs. It extends to the concept of not having eaten or drunk anything, and also includes derived terms for containers and even geographical locations.

This root appears to relate to the concept of long hair, specifically referring to a single long strand.

This root primarily relates to the concept of sleeping or slumbering. It describes the state of being asleep and the act of falling into sleep.

This root appears to describe someone who is foolish or lacking in intelligence. The primary derived term directly translates to 'the foolish one'.

This root primarily relates to the concept of softening, becoming pliable, or yielding after a state of dryness or rigidity. It also extends to the idea of something being crushed or broken down, particularly in a soft or liquid state.

This root pertains to ugliness in form or character, and foolishness. It describes someone who is ugly in their creation or disposition, and also someone who is unintelligent or foolish.

This root appears to describe a physical characteristic, specifically related to the lips. It denotes someone with thick or heavy lips.

This root appears to refer to a specific type of edible plant or food item, possibly resembling a mushroom or a similar growth.

This root describes a state of weakness, specifically due to hunger or illness. It conveys a sense of being frail, emaciated, or debilitated.

This root appears to refer to a type of small wild animal, specifically a small predator or beast of prey.

This root primarily relates to concepts of death, destruction, and breaking. It also extends to describe specific natural elements like a type of tree and the state of being wet or softened.

This root primarily relates to intense hunger and its associated states. It also extends to describe dust storms, a lion, a weak woman, and a foolish person, suggesting a semantic field of intensity, weakness, and perhaps a wild or untamed nature.

This root appears to describe a woman who is openly promiscuous, shameless, and overly jovial. It also includes a verb related to flirtation.

This root pertains to the concept of abundance and a large quantity of something. It describes things that are numerous, plentiful, or excessive.

This root primarily relates to abundance, prosperity, and fertility, particularly concerning living conditions, sustenance, and the natural environment. It encompasses concepts of a good life, plentiful resources, and fertile land, often associated with good years and ample provisions.

This root primarily relates to stones used to support a cooking pot, extending to concepts of stability, following, and abundance. It also encompasses geographical locations and descriptive terms for physical characteristics.

This root appears to be primarily used to denote a specific proper name, likely of a person or place. The entry itself is very brief and seems to be a toponym or a tribal name.

This root primarily relates to the ear and its associated anatomical features. It also extends to geographical locations and personal names derived from these concepts.

This root appears to relate to the concept of a male entity, possibly with a specific geographical or place-related connotation.

This root primarily concerns the concept of boundaries, divisions, and demarcations, both physical and abstract. It extends to actions related to setting these boundaries, such as dividing land or tying knots, and also includes terms for pure milk and a specific type of stone.

This root primarily concerns the concept of approaching, nearing, or becoming imminent. It extends to meanings of hastening, shortness, and also encompasses distress, hardship, and physical ailments.

This root primarily concerns intense sadness, grief, and sorrow. It extends to related concepts like anger, displeasure, and regret. Derived terms also refer to people in states of sadness or servitude, as well as geographical locations and historical figures.

This root appears to relate to the craft of shoemaking and the tools or individuals involved in it. It specifically defines a shoemaker and mentions its plural form.

This root primarily relates to the concept of writing and scribal activity, specifically referencing a prominent scribe in Islamic tradition. It also extends to the meaning of arrogance or pride.

This root primarily concerns expressions of displeasure, weariness, or aversion, often conveyed through the interjection 'uff'. It also extends to terms for small, insignificant things, or a lack of something, and can describe a cowardly or poor person. Additionally, it relates to time and duration.

This root primarily concerns the saddle or pack for a donkey, its construction, and its attachment. It also covers the act of saddling and the maker of the saddle.

This root primarily concerns the concept of 'thousand' in number, but extends to notions of familiarity, affection, alliance, and bringing things together. It encompasses terms for a large quantity, the act of becoming familiar or friendly, and the state of being allied or united.

This root primarily relates to the nose and its functions, extending to concepts of beginning, precedence, and aversion. It encompasses physical attributes like the nose itself, its parts, and associated features, as well as abstract ideas like the start of something, pride, and refusal.

This root primarily concerns afflictions, calamities, or destructive occurrences that affect something. It extends to the idea of something being struck by such an affliction, and the collective experience of a group being afflicted.